🔺️ 5 YEAR PLAN

Introduced in 1928
By Joseph stalin
Taken from USSR

1st 5 year plan:
1951-1956
Focus - agriculture sector
Harrod domar model
During pt. Jawaharlal nehru
Dams set up - bhakra nangal, hirakund, nagarjun sagar
Successfull

2nd 5 Year plan :
1956-1961
Pc mahal novis
Focus on industrialization
Plants made - Rourkela steel plant, durgapur steel plant, bhilai steel plant

3rd 5 year plan :
Based kn Gadgil formula
Self dependency
1962 china war
1965 India pak war
Failed

Period between (1966-1969) - plan holding

4th 5 year plan :
Based on rudra atal model
Growth and stability
14 banks were nationalized
Nuclear test took place - smiling buddha
1971 - India pak war for liberty of bangladesh
Fail

5th 5 year plan :
1974-1979
Based on DP dhar model
3rd national emergency took place
Garibi hatao slogan got famous
Focus on Poverty reduction
On Gunal medal idea

Period between 1978-1980- Rolling plan

6th 5 year plan :
During indira gandhi
Poverty reduction
NABARD estd

7th 5 year plan :
Rajiv gandhi was PM
Focus on mordernization, privatization, social justice

Period between 1990-1992 - Annual plan

8th 5 year plan :
1992-1997
PV Narshimha rao
New economic policy started
Focus on human resources
LPG introduced

9th 5 year plan :
1997-2002
First successfull Nuclear test
Focus on growth with social justice and equality
During Atal bihari

10th 5 year plan :
2002-2007
Double per capita income

11th 5 year plan :
2007-2012
PM manmohan singh
Focus on : rapid and more exclusive growth

12th 5 year plan :
2012-2017
Theme - faster more exclusive and sustainable growth
Manmohan singh

⚜️ PREAMBLE (QUICK NOTES) ⚜️


Taken from USA
language taken from Australia
Objective revolution of JL Nehru
Main idea - sovergin, socialist, secular, democratic, republic
Justice - political, economical, social
Liberty - thought, expression, belief, faith, worship
Equality - opportunity and status
Fraternity

42 CAA 1976(aka mini constitution of India) - socialist, secular, integrity (added)

Preamble as a part of Constitution
1. Beru bari vs union case 1960
(Not a part of indian constitution)
2. Keshwananda bharti case 1973
(Was a part of indian constitution)
3. LIC of India case 1995
(Was integral part of constitution)

Preamble was amended under article 368

Non justuceable
No authority of power
Limitation of power

Date of adoption - 26 nov 1949
Date of enforcement - 26 jan 1950

Statements :
This is what we dreamt for so long - Alladi krishnaswai iyer
Preamble is horoscope - KM munshi
It is the soul of indian constitution - Pt. Thakurdas bhargav

⚜️ SCHEDULES (QUICK NOTES) ⚜️

Originally 8
Now 12

T - Name of states and UTs
E - emoulments
A - affirmations
R - seats of rajya sabha
S - schedule caste & tribes
O - other schedule caste and tribe (Assam, Tripura, meghalaya, mizoram)
F - federal list
O - official languages
L - land reforms
D - anti defection law
P - panchayat
M - muncipalties

Mneumonic - TEARS OF OLD PM

Note :
PESA act is applicable for schedule 5 only
Federal list - union (97 sub, now 100 sub), state (66 sub, now 61 sub by 42 CAA 1976 5 were tranfered to concurrent list, concurrent list (47 sub, now 52 sub)
Official language (earlier 14 now 22)
21 CAA - Sindhi
71 CAA - konkani, manipuri, nepali
92 CAA - bodo, dogri, santhali, methali
Anti defection law - added by 52 CAA
Panchayat added by 73 CAA (29 matters)
Muncipalties added by 74 CAA (18 matters)

Be greatful for whatever you have, and be loyal for what you want🧿

मनसा, वाचा, कर्मणा ye enough h life ko smjhaane k liye. Apne man, vachan, aur karm se ek hi cheez ko chahoge chahe life m vo kuchh bhi ho, pr tum ek cheez ko leke zidd pkd lo adamant bn jao.
Kbtk nhi milega bhai ek na ek din mil hi jayega, pr uske liye ye teeno align krne chahiye, fir ye nhi hona chahiye ki tum aur 10 jgh bhatak rhe ho ki nhi ye bhdiya nhi h ya shyd na mile chl kuchh aur try krte hain, ye dimag m nhi aana chahiye.

Mahabharat m likha h मनसा, वाचा, कर्मणा se kisi bhi cheez ko chah loge na, der se hi shi pr milegi zrur bs bhatakna mt dusri jgh.

Achieve your goals this year, try to push yourself a little extra to get what you really want, and sbko life m sb mil jata h ek time pr lekin time bnaana pdta hai♥️

May the New Year bring you fresh hopes,
new opportunities, and the strength to turn your dreams into reality.

Wishing you a year filled with peace, growth,
success, and happiness.
🌟 Happy New Year! 🌟

हमारे सभी छोटे बड़े भाई बहनों को और आपके परिवार को नये साल 2026 की हार्दिक शुभकामनाएं | भगवान बाँकेबिहारी और श्रीराधे रानी आपके सपनों को साकार करे ऐसी हम कामना करते हैं ||

⚜️10 New Homonyms

Abate - lessen
Abet - support
Abut - nearby

Accede - agree
Exceed - inhance

Abjure - agree
Abjure - agree

Access - reach
Excess - a lot

Accessory - something attractive or useful
Accessary - help in crime

Address - residential address
Address - to speak about sth

Adversity - less
Adversary - conflict

Accident
Incident

Advice (N)
Advise (V)

Addition
Edition - published text
Addiction - fond of something

Adopt
Adept - skillful
Adapt - change according to event

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⚜️ 10 New Homonyms ⚜️

Aspire - desire
Expire - outdated

Assistance - help
Assistant - helpful

Ascetic - monk
Asethetic - genuine

Allusion - point out
Illusion - procastination

Adulteration - contaminated
Adultery - extra marital affair

Aspiration - desire
Aspersion - blame

Artist
Artisan - making designs
Artiste - choreographer

Ascent - height
Assent - agreement
Accent - voice

Auger - sharp tool
Augur - point out

Annual - once in a year
Annul - null and void

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