✳️ Diagnostic Indications For colonoscopy
1. Evaluation of rectal bleeding / hematochezia
2. Investigation of iron deficiency anemia
3. Evaluation of chronic diarrhea
4. Investigation of unexplained abdominal pain
5. Assessment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) — diagnosis, activity, surveillance
6. Evaluation of abnormal findings on imaging (CT, MRI, barium enema)
7. Investigation of lower GI symptoms with suspected colonic pathology
8. Biopsy of colonic lesions
9. Evaluation of suspected colonic ischemia
10. Assessment of terminal ileum (Crohn’s disease, malabsorption)

👉 Screening & Surveillance Indications
11. Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening — average and high-risk populations
12. Surveillance after polypectomy
13. Surveillance in hereditary CRC syndromes (Lynch, FAP, etc.)
14. Surveillance in long-standing IBD (dysplasia screening)
15. Post-CRC resection surveillance

👉 Therapeutic Indications
16. Polypectomy
17. Treatment of lower GI bleeding (hemostasis)
18. Stricture dilation
19. Stent placement in colonic obstruction
20. Decompression of colonic pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie syndrome)
21. Retrieval of foreign bodies
22. Tattooing of lesions for surgical localization

👉 Other
23. Preoperative evaluation before colorectal surgery
24. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) delivery

European Society for the Study of Coeliac Disease 2025 Updated Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Management of Celiac Disease in Adults.

PDF 👉 Open Access

CBC

Should we be doing routine terminal ileal intubation during colorectal cancer screening colonoscopy?

💡 No, according to the results of a newly published meta-analysis

New ACG guidelines on hepatic encephalopathy March 2026

Diagnosis and treatment of Refractory Celiac Disease