𝐈𝐧𝐝𝐢𝐚 𝐑𝐢𝐬𝐞𝐬 𝐭𝐨 9𝐭𝐡 𝐏𝐨𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐆𝐥𝐨𝐛𝐚𝐥𝐥𝐲 𝐢𝐧 𝐓𝐨𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐅𝐨𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐭 𝐀𝐫𝐞𝐚 🌳

India has achieved a remarkable milestone in global environmental conservation by moving up to the 9𝐭𝐡 𝐩𝐨𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 in terms of total forest area worldwide and retaining its 3𝐫𝐝 rank globally in annual forest area gain, as revealed in the 𝐆𝐥𝐨𝐛𝐚𝐥 𝐅𝐨𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐭 𝐑𝐞𝐬𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐜𝐞𝐬 𝐀𝐬𝐬𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 2025 released by the 𝐅𝐨𝐨𝐝 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐀𝐠𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐎𝐫𝐠𝐚𝐧𝐢𝐬𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 (𝐅𝐀𝐎) in 𝐁𝐚𝐥𝐢, 𝐈𝐧𝐝𝐨𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐢𝐚.

Union Environment Minister 𝐁𝐡𝐮𝐩𝐞𝐧𝐝𝐞𝐫 𝐘𝐚𝐝𝐚𝐯 highlighted that this marks an improvement from India’s 10𝐭𝐡 𝐩𝐨𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 in the previous assessment, underscoring the nation’s consistent efforts towards forest conservation and sustainable management. 🌿

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"Ghosts of the mountains"

International Snow Leopard Day
It came into being in 2013, following the adoption of the Bishkek Declaration in Kyrgyzstan where 12 countries that host snow leopard populations agreed to collaborate in their conservation efforts.

Countries Hosting Snow Leopards: Afghanistan, Bhutan, China, India, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Nepal, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan.

Ecological Importance: Serve as top predators and Indicator species, as their presence reflects the health of their high-altitude ecosystems.

As per the Snow Leopard Population Assessment in India Program, the SL population is 718 individuals in India.
Ladakh (477), Uttarakhand (124), Himachal Pradesh (51), Arunachal Pradesh (36), Sikkim (21), and Jammu and Kashmir (9).

The Government of India has identified the snow leopard as a flagship species for the high-altitude Himalayas.

Hemis National Park in Ladakh is called the Snow Leopard capital of the world.

Classification of Plants Based on Temperature

1. The plants growing in high temperature throughout the year called- Megatherms

2. The plants growing in alternate high and low temperature called- Mesotherms

3. The plants growing in low temperature throughout the year called- Microtherms

4. The plants growing in very low temperature throughout the year- Hekistotherms

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Kerala has become the first state to pass a bill amending the Central Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, called the Wildlife Protection (Kerala Amendment) Act, 2025.

The amendment, passed on October 8, 2025, aims to address increasing human-animal conflicts and empowers the Chief Wildlife Warden to order the shooting, tranquilizing, capturing, or translocation of animals that attack humans or stray into settlements.

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Bihar's Gogabeel Lake has been designated a Ramsar site, marking India's 94th wetland of international importance. This community-managed oxbow lake, situated between the Ganga and Mahananda rivers, highlights India's growing commitment to wetland conservation.

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Biosphere Reserves in India

India has 18 notified Biosphere Reserves covering approximately 91,425 sq. km, of which 13 are recognized by UNESCO’s World Network of Biosphere Reserves (WNBR).

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The Supreme Court on Thursday prohibited mining within a one-kilometre radius of national parks and wildlife sanctuaries, observing that such activity is hazardous for the wildlife, Live Law reported.

Reiterating its April 2023 order that had imposed similar restrictions on mining in Goa, the court said the direction would apply nationwide.

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The Supreme Court on Monday directed the State of Uttarakhand to restore the ecological damage caused to the Corbett Tiger Reserve by construction activities and illegal tree felling.

More information :- https://www.barandbench.com/news/supreme-court-directs-uttarakhand-to-repair-damage-to-corbett-tiger-reserve-demolish-illegal-structures

Seventeen months after the Maharashtra government submitted a proposal for a leopard birth control programme, the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) granted its approval on Monday, making it the country's first such initiative.

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Wildlife

1. A group of tigers is called- Ambush

2. A group of lions is called- Pride

3. Group of camels is called- Caravan

4. The young one of the tiger is called- Cub

5. Young ones of deer is called- Fawn

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Every year 4th December is marked as International Cheetah Day since 2010. The day is dedicated to emphasizing global efforts to prevent the cheetah's extinction and promote its conservation.

They are the world’s fastest land mammals, found in parts of Africa and Asia. Namibia has the world's largest population of cheetahs.

Under the Cheetah Reintroduction Project, cheetahs were translocated to India from Namibia and South Africa in 2022 and 2023.

International Cheetah Day https://share.google/mUbWpUlhuufl3SzKY

One Year of Project Cheetah https://share.google/5hJa3gJ6MLiF1oxKH

Link Credit :- Drishti IAS

Soil Water Content

1. Holard - The total amount of water present in the soil.

2. Chresard - The amount of water available to plants.

3. Echard - The amount of water that is not available to plants.

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Siliserh Lake in Alwar, Rajasthan, and Kopra Jalashay near Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh have been designated as new Ramsar Sites. This recognition strengthens India's efforts in wetland conservation, protection of biodiversity, and support for sustainable livelihoods.

With these additions, India now has 96 Ramsar Sites, up from 26 in 2014.

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Grassland: A grassland is a natural vegetation type dominated by grasses, with few or no trees, found in areas of moderate rainfall.

Types of Grasslands

Veldts: Temperate grasslands of South Africa.
Downs: Rolling grasslands of Australia.
Savannah: Tropical grasslands with scattered trees, mainly in Africa.
Prairies: Fertile temperate grasslands of North America.
Pampas: Temperate grasslands of South America (Argentina).
Steppes: Dry temperate grasslands of Europe and Asia.
Tussocks: Tufted grasslands of New Zealand.

Forest Trees – One-Liner Notes

God fruit tree – Aegle marmelos (Bael; sacred medicinal tree)

Chironji tree – Buchanania lanzan (Edible seeds)

Forest flame tree – Butea monosperma (Orange-Red flowers)

Indian laburnum – Cassia fistula (Golden shower tree)

Beef wood – Casuarina equisetifolia (Hard coastal timber)

Sago palm – Cycas revoluta (Gymnosperm ornamental)

Rosewood – Dalbergia latifolia (High-value timber)

Malabar wood – Hopea parviflora (Evergreen forest timber)

Indian elm – Ulmus wallichiana (Temperate Himalayan tree)

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The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) has introduced India's first red "table-top" road surfaces on the Bhopal-Jabalpur section of NH-45 in Madhya Pradesh to enhance wildlife safety. These 5 mm raised red, chequered markings act as a visual and tactile deterrent, forcing motorists to reduce speed through the Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary.

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Gujarat has become the only state in India where three big cat species — lion, tiger and leopard — are found together.

'Tiger State' status after 33 years as NTCA confirms resident tiger.

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