象征主义是一场大陆运动。
不同的人,无论是否受到彼此的影响,无论是否是“官方”象征主义者,都在对相同的社会文化问题做出回应。
1840 年代有但丁·加布里埃尔·罗塞蒂 (Dante Gabriel Rossetti) 和英格兰的拉斐尔前派兄弟会:
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还有由古斯塔夫·克里姆特 (Gustav Klimt) 创立的奥地利维也纳分离派。
分离派被同时描述为新艺术运动、象征主义和现代主义。是哪个?也许这并不重要。
贯穿克里姆特和分离主义艺术的是一种象征主义精神。
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几乎没有什么风格特征可以将整个运动结合在一起。
但其中之一是象征主义画家主要使用传统的具象艺术方法:事物看起来很逼真。
只有他们描绘的东西从来都不是真实的。就像 Arnold Böcklin 的死亡之岛:
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因此,象征主义与主题的联系比其他任何东西都重要。民间传说和异教神话是经常出现的主题。
这是日耳曼传奇中的一个场景(取自理查德·瓦格纳的歌剧,他对象征主义者产生了深远的影响),由加斯顿·布西埃 (Gaston Bussiere) 描绘得光彩照人。
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