#GeneralKnowledge | Earthquake magnitude & intensity with distance from epicenter ?
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Earthquake waves diminish in intensity as they travel through the ground, so earthquake shaking is less intense farther from the epicenter.

Low-frequency waves diminish less rapidly with distance than do high-frequency waves.

Therefore, the damage/intensity at the epicenter is higher than farther distance.


That's why the Fentale earthquake doesn't felt equally at Metahara, Adama and Addis Ababa. The same with expected damages.

Crack and symmetrical vents producing vapor .. report by EBC

Could this lead to the development of a big fissural eruption ? ???

Or multiple vents with fissures ?
Like the 2005 Babbahu volcanic eruption ?

#GeneralKnowledge | Phreatic Eruption (explosion)
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A phreatic eruption is made up of steam-driven explosions that occur when water beneath the ground or on the surface is heated by volcanic activity. The water, once heated, begins to boil or can even flash straight to steam, causing an explosion.

Ejecta include
- steam / Water
- rock fragments


----- Others words ------
Phreatovolcanism
Hydrovolcanism

A scheme of a phreatic eruption:
1: water-vapor cloud,
2: magma conduit,
3: layers of lava and ash,
4: stratum,
5: water table,
6: explosion,
7: magma chamber

In this image taken from video, mud bubbles up near volcanic activity in the Sagento Kebele Village, Afar region, Ethiopia, on Jan. 4, 2025

Source:VOANEWS

In this image taken from video, steam is released near volcanic activity in the Sagento Kebele village, Afar region, Ethiopia, on Jan. 4, 2025.

Source: VOANEWS

The reporter said "it's powerful and scary explosion" 💥
......

What's the irony is GEOLOGISTS haven't been (seen/reported) from the place ?

This is a golden time to learn from the event.

GEOLOGISTS from institutions and universities shall to go and do observation.

#GeneralKnowledge | How do scientists monitor(forecast) volcanic eruptions?
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Scientists use a wide variety of techniques to monitor volcanoes, including

1- #seismographic detection of the earthquakes and tremor that almost always precede eruptions,

2- precise measurements of ground #deformation that often accompanies the rise of magma,

3- changes in volcanic #gas emissions, and

4- changes in #gravity and #magnetic fields.

Although not diagnostic individually, these techniques, when used in combination at well-monitored volcanoes, have resulted in successful predictions.

Monitoring-based forecasts are becoming much more reliable, but they remain #imperfect. If scientists are fortunate, precursors to an eruption follow the same course as they followed before previous eruptions. Patterns often change, though, and wholly new behavior is observed. The best forecasts will be based on an integration of geologic history, realtime monitoring, and a deep understanding of the internal plumbing processes of the specific volcano. Even with the best of monitoring and interpretations, reliable forecasts are rarely possible more than a few days in advance of an eruption.

Some forecasts of volcanic eruptions are based on eruption #recurrence intervals, but these are notoriously unreliable for two reasons:

1) few volcanoes are sufficiently well studied to provide an accurate eruptive history over the many hundreds, or tens of thousands, of years necessary to establish a reliable recurrence interval; and

2) few volcanoes maintain the same behavior for long (more often than not, as soon as a repetitive pattern becomes apparent, the volcano changes behavior).

Source: volcano.si.edu

Dear all

We are in a critical time where information leads to success or failure. Especially on the recent earthquake activities, there are quite alot of unscientific and unreliable circulation of information throughout the different platforms. Therefore, we shall provide credible information to everyone more importantly to non-geologists.

Use this link as a first hand information exchange platform among ourselves

https://t.me/EAGDiscussionPlatform

We have now a sub-group "Earthquake & physical volcanology"

https://t.me/EAGDiscussionPlatform/3339

#GeneralKnowledge | What is liquefaction ?
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Liquefaction is a process by which water-saturated sediment temporarily loses strength and acts like a fluid.

What is the link to earthquake ?

Liquefaction takes place when loosely packed, water-logged sediments at or near the ground surface lose their strength in response to strong ground shaking. Liquefaction occurring beneath buildings and other structures can cause major damage during earthquakes.

Source: USGS

#GeneralKnowledge | What is MAAR ?
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A maar is a broad, low-relief volcanic crater caused by a phreatomagmatic eruption (an explosion which occurs when groundwater comes into contact with hot lava or magma).

Source: Wikipedia

#GeneralQuestion | Could the recent observed activities around Dofan mountain ⛰️ lead the development of MAAR or real LAVA emplacement to the surface ?

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will see the developments.

The earthquake just felted in Addis

Daily update on the earthquake monitoring of Awash Fentale Area
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Would have been good if the Institute of Geophysics, Space Science and Astronomy (IGSSA) of Addis Ababa University give a daily summary update on the ongoing earthquake.

This will create more clarity and understanding for many peoples.

If needed, EAG is ready to do the dissemination realtime.

Earthquake location map
Zoom in