🔴Renal tubular acidosis

Lab:metabolic acidosis+urine AG ➕

1.RTA proximal
2.RTA distal
3.RTA 4

🔶RTA proximal:

✔️Hypocalemia
✔️Hypercalciuria
✔️Nephrocalcinosis
✔️Nephrolithiasis
✔️Hypositraturia
✔️Ph>5.5

🔶RTA distal:

✔️Glucosuria
✔️Aminoaciduria
✔️Bicarbonaturia
✔️Hypocalemia
✔️Ph<5.5


🔶RTA 4
aldestron deficiency or aldestron resistant

✔️Hypercalemia

@etamed

🟡Hypercalemia managment

1.Gluconate ca
2.insulin and glucos
3.β blocker:salbutamol
4.bicarbonate Na
5.keyoxalat
6.duretic(thiazide or loop)
7.dialysis

@etamed

Diffuse esophageal spasm

@etamed

kidney transplant

@etamed

opsocolonus_myocolonus syndrom

@etamed

Lipodystrophy due to insulin inj

@etamed

Nikolsky sign

@etamed

CN12 palsy

@etamed

water bottle shape in pericardial effusion

@etamed