Etamed💉💊
@etamed
درگرافی بالا کدامیک از لاین ها در محل اشتباه قرار دارند؟؟؟
Anonymous Quiz
11%
right IJ cv line
14%
left IJ cv line
54%
endotracheal intubation
22%
ng tube
🔻 آیا خواب زیاد می تواند خطر ابتلا به سرطان را افزایش دهد؟
▫️طبق مطالعه اخیر در ژاپن، زمان خواب ممکن است یک عامل خطر قابل تغییر برای سرطان باشد.
▫️یافتهها نشان میدهد که ۱۰ ساعت خواب بیشتر ممکن است خطر ابتلا به سرطان را در زنان افزایش دهد و خطر مرگ بر اثر سرطان را هم در مردان و هم زنان افزایش دهد.
▫️بر اساس یافتههای جدید، مدت زمان خواب 6 تا 8 ساعت برای مردان و 6 تا 9 ساعت برای زنان "ممکن است ایمنترین" در رابطه با بروز سرطان و خطر مرگ و میر در میان بزرگسالان ژاپنی باشد.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ijc.34133
@etamed
▫️طبق مطالعه اخیر در ژاپن، زمان خواب ممکن است یک عامل خطر قابل تغییر برای سرطان باشد.
▫️یافتهها نشان میدهد که ۱۰ ساعت خواب بیشتر ممکن است خطر ابتلا به سرطان را در زنان افزایش دهد و خطر مرگ بر اثر سرطان را هم در مردان و هم زنان افزایش دهد.
▫️بر اساس یافتههای جدید، مدت زمان خواب 6 تا 8 ساعت برای مردان و 6 تا 9 ساعت برای زنان "ممکن است ایمنترین" در رابطه با بروز سرطان و خطر مرگ و میر در میان بزرگسالان ژاپنی باشد.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ijc.34133
@etamed
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رفلکس گالانت نوزادی😂
با انگشت سبابه, كناره تنه را در ناحيه كمري تحريك مي كنيم. تنه كودك به سمت طرف تحريك خم مي شود. اين رفلكس در حدود 2 تا 3 ماهگي از بين مي رود.
@etamed
با انگشت سبابه, كناره تنه را در ناحيه كمري تحريك مي كنيم. تنه كودك به سمت طرف تحريك خم مي شود. اين رفلكس در حدود 2 تا 3 ماهگي از بين مي رود.
@etamed
Etamed💉💊
🔵Approach to splenomegaly @etamed
🔵splenomegaly
🔹sign and symptoms:
Signs of cirrhosis - Eg, asterixis, jaundice, telangiectasias, gynecomastia, caput medusa, and ascites
Heart murmur - Endocarditis or congestive failure
Jaundice
Scleral icterus - Spherocytosis or cirrhosis
Petechiae - Any other bleeding manifestation secondary to thrombocytopenia
🔹Laboratory Studies:
Complete blood cell count (CBC) with differential
Liver function testing
Hepatitis B and C testing
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
Erythrocyte sediumentation rate (ESR)
Evaluation of peripheral blood smear for RBC morphology and signs of myeloproliferative disorders or underlying bone marrow disorders
Prothrombin time with international normalized ratio (INR) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
@etamed
🔹sign and symptoms:
Signs of cirrhosis - Eg, asterixis, jaundice, telangiectasias, gynecomastia, caput medusa, and ascites
Heart murmur - Endocarditis or congestive failure
Jaundice
Scleral icterus - Spherocytosis or cirrhosis
Petechiae - Any other bleeding manifestation secondary to thrombocytopenia
🔹Laboratory Studies:
Complete blood cell count (CBC) with differential
Liver function testing
Hepatitis B and C testing
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
Erythrocyte sediumentation rate (ESR)
Evaluation of peripheral blood smear for RBC morphology and signs of myeloproliferative disorders or underlying bone marrow disorders
Prothrombin time with international normalized ratio (INR) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
@etamed
🔵C1 (atlas) fracture
🔹Classification:
Type I - Fracture of the anterior arch
Type II - Fracture of the posterior arch
Type IIIa/IIIb - Combined fracture of both the anterior and the posterior arch (Jefferson fracture), either nondisplaced (IIIa) or displaced (IIIb)
Type IV - Fracture of the massa lateralis
Type V - Fracture of the transverse process
🔹history and symptoms:
history of trauma
pain in the neck
neurologic defects
complete spinal cord injury
🔹Imaging study:
for awake, asymptomatic patients who are without neck pain or tenderness, who have a normal neurologic examination, who do not have an injury hindering accurate evaluation, and who are able to complete a functional range-of-motion examination; radiographic evaluation of the cervical spine is not recommended
For symptomatic or obtunded or unevaluable patients, high-quality computed tomography (CT) of the cervical spine is recommended, if available; routine three-view cervical spine radiography is not recommended
@etamed
🔹Classification:
Type I - Fracture of the anterior arch
Type II - Fracture of the posterior arch
Type IIIa/IIIb - Combined fracture of both the anterior and the posterior arch (Jefferson fracture), either nondisplaced (IIIa) or displaced (IIIb)
Type IV - Fracture of the massa lateralis
Type V - Fracture of the transverse process
🔹history and symptoms:
history of trauma
pain in the neck
neurologic defects
complete spinal cord injury
🔹Imaging study:
for awake, asymptomatic patients who are without neck pain or tenderness, who have a normal neurologic examination, who do not have an injury hindering accurate evaluation, and who are able to complete a functional range-of-motion examination; radiographic evaluation of the cervical spine is not recommended
For symptomatic or obtunded or unevaluable patients, high-quality computed tomography (CT) of the cervical spine is recommended, if available; routine three-view cervical spine radiography is not recommended
@etamed
Etamed💉💊
🔵C1 (atlas) fracture 🔹Classification: Type I - Fracture of the anterior arch Type II - Fracture of the posterior arch Type IIIa/IIIb - Combined fracture of both the anterior and the posterior arch (Jefferson fracture), either nondisplaced (IIIa) or displaced…
🔵Treatment:
Specific treatment should be based on analysis of the mechanism and extent of the injury. In a younger patient with limited displacement of the C1, immobilization with a collar or halo and vest may be adequate.
In more severe cases, particularly with associated injuries such as odontoid fracture, bypassing the C1 ring with an occipital-to-cervical fusion extending to C2 or lower may be necessary.
@etamed
Specific treatment should be based on analysis of the mechanism and extent of the injury. In a younger patient with limited displacement of the C1, immobilization with a collar or halo and vest may be adequate.
In more severe cases, particularly with associated injuries such as odontoid fracture, bypassing the C1 ring with an occipital-to-cervical fusion extending to C2 or lower may be necessary.
@etamed