he was on fire. Whatever subject came up—the brain, ants, philosophy—he just happened to remember something pithy he’d read. His wit crackled as it had never crackled before. When he told them about the two summers he spent betting the horses back in Minnesota, they ate it up!
Finally—disquietingly—one of them said: “I’m having a hard time seeing the unifying theme of your work. Could you explain it?”
Levitt was stymied. He had no idea what his unifying theme was, or if he even had one.
Finally—disquietingly—one of them said: “I’m having a hard time seeing the unifying theme of your work. Could you explain it?”
Levitt was stymied. He had no idea what his unifying theme was, or if he even had one.
Amartya Sen, the future Nobel-winning economist, jumped in and neatly summarized what he saw as Levitt’s theme.
Yes, Levitt said eagerly, that’s my theme.
Another fellow then offered another theme.
You’re right, Levitt said, that’s my theme.
And so it went, like dogs tugging at a bone, until the philosopher Robert Nozick interrupted. If Levitt could have been said to have an intellectual hero, it would be Nozick.
“How old are you, Steve?” he asked.
“Twenty-six.”
Nozick turned to the other fellows: “He’s twenty-six years old. Why does he need to have a unifying theme? Maybe he’s going to be one of those people who’s so talented he doesn’t need one. He’ll take a question and he’ll just answer it, and it’ll be fine.”
Yes, Levitt said eagerly, that’s my theme.
Another fellow then offered another theme.
You’re right, Levitt said, that’s my theme.
And so it went, like dogs tugging at a bone, until the philosopher Robert Nozick interrupted. If Levitt could have been said to have an intellectual hero, it would be Nozick.
“How old are you, Steve?” he asked.
“Twenty-six.”
Nozick turned to the other fellows: “He’s twenty-six years old. Why does he need to have a unifying theme? Maybe he’s going to be one of those people who’s so talented he doesn’t need one. He’ll take a question and he’ll just answer it, and it’ll be fine.”
ستيفين ليفيت نفسه المؤلف مال كتاب freakonomics (نشرت عنه قبل فترة). الكتاب مواضيعه لطيفة كلش وطريقته بالتفكير عظيمة 🍻
ملا عثمان الموصلي - غزل اصفهان Isfahan Gazel - Uthman al-Mosuli
<unknown>
الملا عثمان الموصلي
- غزل على نغم الاصفهان مع عزف على آلة الطنبوره
يستخدم المقام اليوم بتركيا واحيانا يدخل بلاذان أو المدح
سمعته أول مره بمسجد المعمار سنان ( مسجد سليمانية)
@waltzforlife
- غزل على نغم الاصفهان مع عزف على آلة الطنبوره
يستخدم المقام اليوم بتركيا واحيانا يدخل بلاذان أو المدح
سمعته أول مره بمسجد المعمار سنان ( مسجد سليمانية)
@waltzforlife
I shall be telling this with a sigh
Somewhere ages and ages hence:
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—
I took the one less traveled by,
And that has made all the difference
- Robert Frost
Somewhere ages and ages hence:
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—
I took the one less traveled by,
And that has made all the difference
- Robert Frost
Forwarded from Worth Fighting For
"Broadsword of Oliver Cromwell, who led the armies of Parliament against King Charles I during the English Civil War. Blade etched 'For The Common Wealth of England.' Circa 1650. The Philadelphia Museum of Art."
Rolex, Caviar, and Freedom
Individual Freedom is one of the luxury goods (like expensive watches, and caviar) of rich societies.
If we treat ideas as if they were commercial goods that follow the principles and theories of economics, then we can argue that the "demand" for individual freedom, like the demand for expensive cars, is a trend that almost always starts from high-income individuals, and then gets adopted by the rest of society trying to imitate the higher class. This is because all the basic and semi-basic needs of those high-income individuals are satiated. Therefore they have the luxury to create and participate in such things like human-rights and freedom movements.
This explains why ideas like feminism, anti-racism, LGBT, animal rights, and existentialism (in its broader sense, and its emphasis on individual freedom) always have their roots, and find profitable markets, in rich western countries like USA, France, and UK.
In the meanwhile, poor communities whose individuals struggle for mere subsistence, have a more collective behavior; because they rely on social relationships and religious and moral values to keep the community functional. In such a landscape, individual freedom can be counterproductive and will be regarded as selfishness and defiance because it threatens the very social structure that keeps society alive.
Individual Freedom is one of the luxury goods (like expensive watches, and caviar) of rich societies.
If we treat ideas as if they were commercial goods that follow the principles and theories of economics, then we can argue that the "demand" for individual freedom, like the demand for expensive cars, is a trend that almost always starts from high-income individuals, and then gets adopted by the rest of society trying to imitate the higher class. This is because all the basic and semi-basic needs of those high-income individuals are satiated. Therefore they have the luxury to create and participate in such things like human-rights and freedom movements.
This explains why ideas like feminism, anti-racism, LGBT, animal rights, and existentialism (in its broader sense, and its emphasis on individual freedom) always have their roots, and find profitable markets, in rich western countries like USA, France, and UK.
In the meanwhile, poor communities whose individuals struggle for mere subsistence, have a more collective behavior; because they rely on social relationships and religious and moral values to keep the community functional. In such a landscape, individual freedom can be counterproductive and will be regarded as selfishness and defiance because it threatens the very social structure that keeps society alive.
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Rolex, Caviar, and Freedom Individual Freedom is one of the luxury goods (like expensive watches, and caviar) of rich societies. If we treat ideas as if they were commercial goods that follow the principles and theories of economics, then we can argue that…
يمكنُ اعتبارُ الحريّة الشخصية سلعةً كمالية أو فاخرة (مثل الساعات الثمينة والكافيار) تتميز بها المجتمعات الغنيّة.
إنْ عامَلنا الأفكار على أنها سِلَع تخضعُ لمبادئ الإقتصاد ونظرياته، عندها يمكننا القول أنّ الطلب (demand) على الحريّة الشخصية، مثلُ الطلب على السيارات الفاخرة، هو توجّه يبدأ به دائمًا تقريبًا أفرادٌ ذوو دخلٍ عالٍ ويتبنّاه باقي الأفراد محاولين تقليد الطبقة العليا من المجتمع. يحدث هذا لأن جميع الإحتياجات الأساسية وشبه الأساسية لهؤلاء الأفراد ذوي الدخل العالي قد تم توفيرُها وإشباعُها. بالنتيجة يكون لديهم الوقت والموارد الكافية لابتكار، والمشاركة في، أشياء مثل حركات الحريّات الفردية وحقوق الإنسان.
يمكن لهذا أنْ يشرحَ لمَاذا أنّ أفكارًا مثل النسوية وحركات إنهاء العنصرية وحقوق المثليين وحقوق الحيوانات والوجودية (بمعناها العام وتركيزِها على الحريّة الشخصية) دائمًا ما تبدأ جذورُها، وتجِدُ أسواقًا مربِحة، في البلدان الغربية الغنية مثل الولايات المتحدة وفرنسا والمملكة المتحدة.
أمّا المجتمعات الفقيرة التي يكافح أفرادُها من أجل الكَفاف فإنّها تتميّز بسلوكٍ جمعيٍ أكثر؛ لأنّهم يعتمدون على العلاقات الإجتماعية والمبادئ الدينية والأخلاقية لكي تحافظ على تماسُكِ المجتمع وفعاليّته. في مثل هكذا بيئة، فإنّ الحرية الشخصية يمكن أنْ تأتي بنتائج عكسية لأنها تهدد هذا التماسك وتهدد الهيكل الإجتماعي الذي يُبقي المجتمع حيًا. لهذا قد تُعتَبَر مرادفةً للأنانية والعصيان.
إنْ عامَلنا الأفكار على أنها سِلَع تخضعُ لمبادئ الإقتصاد ونظرياته، عندها يمكننا القول أنّ الطلب (demand) على الحريّة الشخصية، مثلُ الطلب على السيارات الفاخرة، هو توجّه يبدأ به دائمًا تقريبًا أفرادٌ ذوو دخلٍ عالٍ ويتبنّاه باقي الأفراد محاولين تقليد الطبقة العليا من المجتمع. يحدث هذا لأن جميع الإحتياجات الأساسية وشبه الأساسية لهؤلاء الأفراد ذوي الدخل العالي قد تم توفيرُها وإشباعُها. بالنتيجة يكون لديهم الوقت والموارد الكافية لابتكار، والمشاركة في، أشياء مثل حركات الحريّات الفردية وحقوق الإنسان.
يمكن لهذا أنْ يشرحَ لمَاذا أنّ أفكارًا مثل النسوية وحركات إنهاء العنصرية وحقوق المثليين وحقوق الحيوانات والوجودية (بمعناها العام وتركيزِها على الحريّة الشخصية) دائمًا ما تبدأ جذورُها، وتجِدُ أسواقًا مربِحة، في البلدان الغربية الغنية مثل الولايات المتحدة وفرنسا والمملكة المتحدة.
أمّا المجتمعات الفقيرة التي يكافح أفرادُها من أجل الكَفاف فإنّها تتميّز بسلوكٍ جمعيٍ أكثر؛ لأنّهم يعتمدون على العلاقات الإجتماعية والمبادئ الدينية والأخلاقية لكي تحافظ على تماسُكِ المجتمع وفعاليّته. في مثل هكذا بيئة، فإنّ الحرية الشخصية يمكن أنْ تأتي بنتائج عكسية لأنها تهدد هذا التماسك وتهدد الهيكل الإجتماعي الذي يُبقي المجتمع حيًا. لهذا قد تُعتَبَر مرادفةً للأنانية والعصيان.
بالنتيجة:
لا يمكن للأفراد نيل الحريّة الشخصية بدون استقلال إقتصادي. ولا يمكن للأفراد نيل الاستقلال الإقتصادي إلا في مجتمعٍ ذي قوانين ومؤسسات اقتصادية تسهّل للأفراد العمل والحصول على دخلٍ مناسب وعالٍ نسبيًا. ولا يمكن الحصول على هذه المؤسسات والقوانين الإقتصادية إلا في ظل سلطة مركزية قادرة على حماية هذه الحقوق الفردية من الابتزاز والاستغلال والاحتكار.
In other words: "Individual Freedom" is a social RESULT of politics and economics.
لا يمكن للأفراد نيل الحريّة الشخصية بدون استقلال إقتصادي. ولا يمكن للأفراد نيل الاستقلال الإقتصادي إلا في مجتمعٍ ذي قوانين ومؤسسات اقتصادية تسهّل للأفراد العمل والحصول على دخلٍ مناسب وعالٍ نسبيًا. ولا يمكن الحصول على هذه المؤسسات والقوانين الإقتصادية إلا في ظل سلطة مركزية قادرة على حماية هذه الحقوق الفردية من الابتزاز والاستغلال والاحتكار.
In other words: "Individual Freedom" is a social RESULT of politics and economics.
I never dared be radical when young,
For fear it would make me conservative when old
- Robert Frost
For fear it would make me conservative when old
- Robert Frost
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Wolfowitz doctrine
In the Middle East and Southwest Asia, our overall objective is to remain the predominant outside power in the region and preserve U.S. and Western access to the region's oil. We also seek to deter further aggression in the region, foster regional stability, protect U.S. nationals and property, and safeguard our access to international air and seaways. As demonstrated by Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait, it remains fundamentally important to prevent a hegemon or alignment of powers from dominating the region. This pertains especially to the Arabian peninsula. Therefore, we must continue to play a role through enhanced deterrence and improved cooperative security.
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Wolfowitz doctrine
It's a document produced in 1992 about the defense planning guidance of the USA during the post-cold war years.
The document was leaked for The New York Times and subsequently forced the ones who wrote it to edit it to a more... acceptable version:
The document was leaked for The New York Times and subsequently forced the ones who wrote it to edit it to a more... acceptable version:
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It's a document produced in 1992 about the defense planning guidance of the USA during the post-cold war years. The document was leaked for The New York Times and subsequently forced the ones who wrote it to edit it to a more... acceptable version:
The United States is committed to the security of Israel and to maintaining the qualitative edge that is critical to Israel's security. Israel's confidence in its security and U.S.-Israel strategic cooperation contribute to the stability of the entire region, as demonstrated once again during the Persian Gulf War. At the same time, our assistance to our Arab friends to defend themselves against aggression also strengthens security throughout the region, including for Israel.
كَتَمتُ اِسمَ الحَبيبِ عَنِ العِبادِ
وَرَدَّدتُ الصَبابَةَ في فُؤادي
فَوا شَوقي إِلى نادٍ خَلِيٍّ
لَعَلّي بِاِسمِ مَن أَهوى أُنادي
- عُليَّة بنت المهدي
وَرَدَّدتُ الصَبابَةَ في فُؤادي
فَوا شَوقي إِلى نادٍ خَلِيٍّ
لَعَلّي بِاِسمِ مَن أَهوى أُنادي
- عُليَّة بنت المهدي