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A labyrinth of ideas,
A diary of curiosities

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One who desires to be or revels in being an object of envy could never deserve to be so.
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A number of linguists have maintained that gesture and language form a unified whole, that no sharp boundary can be drawn between language and gesture. Similarly, some gesture theorists suggest that gesture and speech are tightly integrated, and even, in McNeillโ€™s view, represent two aspects of a single process of utterance. Thus speech and gesture often express different, though related meanings, each complementing the other; together they permit the expression of more complex and nuanced meanings.

โ€” Linguistics, by William B. McGregor
ุณู„ูˆู‰ ุงู„ู‚ุทุฑูŠุจ
ููŠุฑูˆุฒ ู…ู†ูˆุŸ
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ู‚ู…ุฉ ุงู„ุนุจุซ ุชู‚ุงุฑู† ููŠุฑูˆุฒ ุจุฃูŠ ุดูŠ ุชุงู†ูŠ
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ููŠุฑูˆุฒ ู…ู†ูˆุŸ
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ุดู„ูˆู† ุชุญุตู„ ู…ุณุจุงุช ุจุฃุณุฑุน ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ
Sometimes in relatively isolated communities a high proportion of the population is deaf, usually hereditarily, due to a high incidence of a gene for deafness. In such circumstances sign languages sometimes also emerge; these are called village sign languages. Examples of village sign languages are Marthaโ€™s Vineyard Sign Language (a now extinct sign language of the island of Marthaโ€™s Vineyard in the USA), Kata Kolok Sign Language (Bali), Ban Khor Sign Language (Thailand) and Adamorobe Sign Language (Ghana). Village sign languages are normally known and used by all members of the community, deaf and hearing.
Most deaf children have speaking parents, and thus are unlikely to have been exposed to sign language from birth. Research in a number of cultures has revealed that in the absence of sign-language input deaf children usually develop a system of home signs to communicate with those around them. These systems of home signs are usually idiosyncratic and restricted to single families. They show some characteristics of language, but are not fully developed languages.

โ€” Linguistics, by William B. McGregor
Forwarded from Das Pixelschloss
ู†ุญู† ู„ุง ู†ู„ุชุฒู… ุจุงู„ุญุงุถุฑ ุฃุจุฏู‹ุงุ› ูู†ุญู† ู†ุณุชุญุถุฑ ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠุŒ ุฃูˆ ู†ุชุทู„ุน ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„ ูˆูƒุฃู†ู†ุง ู†ุฌุฏ ู‚ุฏูˆู…ู‡ ุจุทูŠุฆู‹ุงุŒ ูู†ุญุงูˆู„ ุงู„ุชุนุฌูŠู„ ุจู‡ุ› ุฃูˆ ู†ุณุชุฑุฌุน ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠ ูˆูƒุฃู†ู†ุง ู†ุฑูŠุฏ ูƒุจุญ ุฌู…ุงุญ ุงู†ู‚ุถุงุฆู‡ ุงู„ุณุฑูŠุน. ุฅู†ู†ุง ู†ูุชู‚ุฑ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุญูƒู…ุฉ ู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุฃู†ู†ุง ู†ู‡ูŠู… ููŠ ุฃุฒู…ู†ุฉ ู„ุง ุชุฎุตู†ุงุŒ ู…ุชุฌุงู‡ู„ูŠู† ุงู„ุฒู…ู† ุงู„ูˆุญูŠุฏ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู†ู…ู„ูƒู‡ุ› ูˆู†ุญู† ู…ุบุฑูˆุฑูˆู† ู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุฃู†ู†ุง ู†ุญู„ู… ุจุฃุฒู…ู†ุฉ ู„ุง ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู„ู‡ุงุŒ ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ู†ู‡ุฑุจุŒ ููŠ ุบูู„ุฉู ู…ู†ุงุŒ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฒู…ู† ุงู„ูˆุญูŠุฏ ุงู„ู…ุงุซู„ ุฃู…ุงู…ู†ุง.

ูˆุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุฃู† ุงู„ุญุงุถุฑ ุบุงู„ุจู‹ุง ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุคู„ู…ู‹ุงุ› ู„ุฐุง ู†ุญุงูˆู„ ุฅุจุนุงุฏู‡ ุนู† ุฃู†ุธุงุฑู†ุง ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุฒุนุฌู†ุงุŒ ุฃู…ุง ุฅุฐุง ูˆุฌุฏู†ุงู‡ ู…ู…ุชุนู‹ุงุŒ ูุฅู†ู†ุง ู†ุฃุณู ู„ุงู†ู‚ุถุงุฆู‡. ูˆู†ุญุงูˆู„ ุฃู† ู†ุณุชุนูŠู† ุจุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุชุญู…ู‘ู„ู‡ุŒ ูู†ู†ุดุบู„ ุจุงู„ุชุฎุทูŠุท ู„ุฃู…ูˆุฑ ู„ุง ู†ู…ู„ูƒ ุงู„ุณูŠุทุฑุฉ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุงุŒ ู…ู† ุฃุฌู„ ุฒู…ู† ู„ุง ู†ุถู…ู† ุญุชู‰ ุจู„ูˆุบู‡.

ู„ูŠุชุฃู…ู„ ูƒู„ู‘ูŒ ู…ู†ุง ุฃููƒุงุฑู‡ุ› ุณูŠุฌุฏ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชุชู…ุญูˆุฑ ุจุงู„ูƒุงู…ู„ ุญูˆู„ ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„. ู†ุญู† ู„ุง ู†ููƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงุถุฑ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุงุŒ ูˆุฅุฐุง ููƒุฑู†ุง ููŠู‡ุŒ ูู„ูŠุณ ุฐู„ูƒ ุฅู„ุง ู„ู†ุฑู‰ ู…ุง ู‚ุฏ ูŠู„ู‚ูŠู‡ ู…ู† ุถูˆุก ุนู„ู‰ ุฎุทุทู†ุง ู„ู„ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„. ูุงู„ุญุงุถุฑ ู„ูŠุณ ุบุงูŠุชู†ุง ุฃุจุฏู‹ุงุ› ุฅุฐ ู†ุนุชุจุฑ ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠ ูˆุงู„ุญุงุถุฑ ู…ุฌุฑุฏ ูˆุณูŠู„ุชูŠู†ุŒ ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ูŠุธู„ ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„ ุบุงูŠุชู†ุง ุงู„ูˆุญูŠุฏุฉ.

ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุงุŒ ูุฅู†ู†ุง ู„ุง ู†ุนูŠุด ุญูŠุงุชู†ุง ุญู‚ู‹ุงุŒ ุจู„ ู†ูƒุชููŠ ุจุงู„ุฃู…ู„ ููŠ ุฃู† ู†ุนูŠุดู‡ุงุ› ูˆุจู…ุง ุฃู†ู†ุง ู†ู‚ุถูŠ ูˆู‚ุชู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุชุฎุทูŠุท ู„ูƒูŠููŠุฉ ุชุญู‚ูŠู‚ ุงู„ุณุนุงุฏุฉุŒ ูู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุชูˆู… ุฃู„ุง ู†ุจู„ุบู‡ุง ุฃุจุฏู‹ุง.

โ€” ุจู„ูŠุฒ ุจุงุณูƒุงู„ุŒ ุฎูˆุงุทุฑ.