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A labyrinth of ideas,
A diary of curiosities

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The Red Book (Liber Novus)
By Carl Jung
Ipomoea cairica
Cairo morning glory
Sting - Russians
Sting
I don't blame them for calling it ุณุช ุงู„ุญุณู† , the flowers are so pretty ๐Ÿ˜ž๐Ÿงก
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The Red Book (Liber Novus) By Carl Jung
Jung's Red Book
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Jung's Red Book
Wir fragten die Erde.
Wir fragten den Himmel.
Wir fragten das Meer.
Wir fragten den Wind.
Wir fragten das Feuer,
Wir suchten dich bei allen Vรถlkern.
Wir suchten dich bei allen Kรถnigen.
Wir suchten dich bei allen Weisen.
Wir suchten dich in unserm eigenen Kopf und Herzen.
Und wir fanden dich im Ei
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Wir fragten die Erde. Wir fragten den Himmel. Wir fragten das Meer. Wir fragten den Wind. Wir fragten das Feuer, Wir suchten dich bei allen Vรถlkern. Wir suchten dich bei allen Kรถnigen. Wir suchten dich bei allen Weisen. Wir suchten dich in unserm eigenen Kopfโ€ฆ
ุฃู…ูˆุช ูˆุงุนุฑู ู‡ุงู„ุฑุฌุงู„ ุดุฏูŠุณูˆูŠ ุจุงู„ุถุจุท...
The main figure was Hunayn ibn Ishaq ุญูู†ูŽูŠู† ุจู† ุฅุณุญุงู‚ (d. 873), later known in the West as Johannitius, a Nestorian Christian from the southern Iraqi town of al-Hira ุงู„ุญูŠุฑุฉ. Hunayn, who travelled to the Byzantine empire in search of Galenic treatises and was said to wander the streets of Baghdad reciting Homer in Greek, was amazingly prolific. With his pupils, he translated 129 works of Galen into Arabic (and others into Syriac), providing the Arabic world with more Galenic texts than survive today in Greek.

- The Greatest Benefit to Mankind, by Roy Porter
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The main figure was Hunayn ibn Ishaq ุญูู†ูŽูŠู† ุจู† ุฅุณุญุงู‚ (d. 873), later known in the West as Johannitius, a Nestorian Christian from the southern Iraqi town of al-Hira ุงู„ุญูŠุฑุฉ. Hunayn, who travelled to the Byzantine empire in search of Galenic treatises and wasโ€ฆ
ูŠูุนูŽุฏู‘ ุญูู†ูŽูŠู† ุจู† ุฅุณุญุงู‚ (ุชูˆูู‘ูŠ 873ู…) ุงู„ุดุฎุตูŠุฉูŽ ุงู„ุฃู‡ู… ููŠ ู…ุฌุงู„ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ูˆุงู„ุฐูŠ ุนูุฑูู ู„ุงุญู‚ู‹ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุบุฑุจ ุจุงุณู… Johannitius. ูƒุงู†ูŽ ุญูู†ูŽูŠู† ู…ุณูŠุญูŠู‹ุง ู†ุณุทูˆุฑูŠู‹ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุญูŠุฑุฉ ููŠ ุฌู†ูˆุจ ุงู„ุนุฑุงู‚ ุณุงููŽุฑูŽ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฅู…ุจุฑุงุทูˆุฑูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจูŠุฒู†ุทูŠุฉ ุจุญุซู‹ุง ุนู† ู…ุคู„ูุงุช ุฌุงู„ูŠู†ูˆุณยน ูˆูŠูุฑูˆู‰ ุฃู†ู‘ู‡ ูƒุงู† ูŠุชู…ุดู‰ ููŠ ุดูˆุงุฑุน ุจุบุฏุงุฏ ูˆู‡ูˆ ูŠุฑุฏู‘ูุฏู ุฃุดุนุงุฑ ู‡ูˆู…ูŠุฑูˆุณ ุจู„ุบุชู‡ุง ุงู„ุฃุตู„ูŠุฉ (ุงู„ูŠูˆู†ุงู†ูŠุฉ). ุซูู…ู‘ูŽ ุฃู†ู‘ู‡ ูƒุงู†ูŽ ุบุฒูŠุฑูŽ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌู ุจุดูƒู„ ู…ุฏู‡ุดุŒ ุฅุฐ ุชูŽุฑุฌูŽู…ูŽ ู‡ูˆ ูˆุทู„ู‘ุงุจูู‡ 129 ู…ุคู„ู‘ูŽูู‹ุง ู„ุฌุงู„ูŠู†ูˆุณ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠุฉ (ูˆู…ุคู„ูุงุช ุฃูุฎุฑู‰ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณุฑูŠุงู†ูŠุฉ)ุŒ ู…ู…ุง ุฌุนู„ูŽ ุฃุนู…ุงู„ูŽ ุฌุงู„ูŠู†ูˆุณ ุงู„ู…ุชูˆูุฑุฉ ู„ู†ุง ุจุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠุฉ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุฃูƒุซุฑูŽ ู…ู† ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุจุงู„ูŠูˆู†ุงู†ูŠุฉ ุฃุตู„ู‹ุง.

ยนGalen ุทุจูŠุจ ุฑูˆู…ุงู†ูŠุŒ ูˆูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู† ุฃุดู‡ุฑ ุงู„ุฃุทุจุงุก ููŠ ุงู„ุชุงุฑูŠุฎ
Hundreds of Greek texts were rendered into accurate and elegant Arabic; works in Syriac and Sanskrit were also translated, reflecting the cosmopolitanism of ninth-century Baghdad. The impact was enormous, not least in view of the hundreds of ancient texts saved in Arabic for posterity. The favoured author was Galen, and he thereby became the father figure for Arabic medicine. Even the Hippocratic Corpus was known primarily through his commentaries.

- The Greatest Benefit to Mankind, by Roy Porter
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Hundreds of Greek texts were rendered into accurate and elegant Arabic; works in Syriac and Sanskrit were also translated, reflecting the cosmopolitanism of ninth-century Baghdad. The impact was enormous, not least in view of the hundreds of ancient textsโ€ฆ
ู…ุง ูŠูŽุนูƒูุณู ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนุฉูŽ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ูŠุฉูŽ ู„ุจุบุฏุงุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู‚ุฑู†ู ุงู„ุชุงุณุน ุงู„ู…ูŠู„ุงุฏูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฃู†ู‘ ู…ุฆุงุชูŽ ุงู„ุฃุนู…ุงู„ู ุงู„ูŠูˆู†ุงู†ูŠุฉ ุชูุฑุฌูู…ูŽุช ุฅู„ู‰ ู„ุบุฉู ุนุฑุจูŠุฉู ุฃู†ูŠู‚ุฉู ูˆุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ูˆู…ุนู‡ุง ุงู„ุนูŽุฏูŠุฏู ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุคู„ูุงุชู ุงู„ุณุฑูŠุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ุณู†ุณูƒุฑูŠุชูŠุฉ. ูƒุงู†ูŽ ุงู„ุชุฃุซูŠุฑู ู‡ุงุฆู„ู‹ุง. ุฃู‚ูŽู„ู‘ู ู…ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุซู ุนู†ู‡ ู‡ูˆ ู…ุฆุงุชู ุงู„ู…ุคู„ูุงุช ุงู„ู‚ุฏูŠู…ุฉู ุงู„ุชูŠ ุญูููุธูŽุช ุจุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠุฉ ู„ู„ุฃุฌูŠุงู„ู ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ. ูƒุงู†ูŽ ุฌุงู„ูŠู†ูˆุณ Galen ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูุถู‘ู„ู ุนู†ุฏูŽู‡ู…ุŒ ูˆู„ู‡ุฐุง ุตุงุฑูŽ ุงู„ุฃุจ ุงู„ุฑูˆุญูŠ ู„ู„ุทุจู‘ ุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠ. ุญุชู‘ู‰ ุฃุนู…ุงู„ู ุฃุจู‚ุฑุงุท ูƒุงู†ุช ุชูุนุฑูŽู ุจุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉู ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ุนุจุฑูŽ ุชุนู„ูŠู‚ุงุชูู‡ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง.
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ูŠูุนูŽุฏู‘ ุญูู†ูŽูŠู† ุจู† ุฅุณุญุงู‚ (ุชูˆูู‘ูŠ 873ู…) ุงู„ุดุฎุตูŠุฉูŽ ุงู„ุฃู‡ู… ููŠ ู…ุฌุงู„ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ูˆุงู„ุฐูŠ ุนูุฑูู ู„ุงุญู‚ู‹ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุบุฑุจ ุจุงุณู… Johannitius. ูƒุงู†ูŽ ุญูู†ูŽูŠู† ู…ุณูŠุญูŠู‹ุง ู†ุณุทูˆุฑูŠู‹ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุญูŠุฑุฉ ููŠ ุฌู†ูˆุจ ุงู„ุนุฑุงู‚ ุณุงููŽุฑูŽ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฅู…ุจุฑุงุทูˆุฑูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจูŠุฒู†ุทูŠุฉ ุจุญุซู‹ุง ุนู† ู…ุคู„ูุงุช ุฌุงู„ูŠู†ูˆุณยน ูˆูŠูุฑูˆู‰ ุฃู†ู‘ู‡ ูƒุงู† ูŠุชู…ุดู‰ ููŠ ุดูˆุงุฑุนโ€ฆ
ูŠูุฑูˆู‰ ุฃู†ู‘ ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠูุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฃู…ูˆู† ุณู„ู‘ู… ุฃูู…ูˆุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุจู…ูƒุชุจุฉ ุจูŠุช ุงู„ุญูƒู…ุฉ ู„ุญูู†ูŠู† ุจู† ุฅุณุญุงู‚ุŒ ูˆุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุจุณู†ูˆุงุช ู„ู…ุง ุงู„ู…ุชูˆูƒู„ ุตุงุฑ ุฎู„ูŠูุฉุŒ ุญูู†ูŠู† ุฌุงู† ุทุจูŠุจู‡ ุงู„ุดุฎุตูŠ.
ุจุณ ุฎุฑุจุนุฑุถู‡ุŒ ู‡ุงูŠ ู…ุงู„ ูŠุชู…ุดู‰ ุจุจุบุฏุงุฏ ูˆูŠุฑุฏู‘ุฏ ุฃุดุนุงุฑ ู‡ูˆู…ูŠุฑูˆุณ ุจู„ุบุชู‡ุง ุงู„ุฃุตู„ูŠุฉุŒ ู‡ุงูŠ ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุชุดฺฏ
He was basically flexing his skills
ู‚ุงู„ูŽ ุงู„ุตู„ุงุญ ุงู„ุตูุฏูŠ: ูˆู„ู„ุชุฑุงุฌูู…ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‚ู„ู ุทุฑูŠู‚ุงู†: . . . ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ู ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุชุนุฑูŠุจ ุทุฑูŠู‚ู ุญูู†ูŽูŠู† ุจู† ุฅุณุญุงู‚ ูˆุงู„ุฌูˆู‡ุฑูŠ ูˆุบูŠุฑูู‡ู…ุงุŒ ูˆู‡ูˆ ุฃู†ู’ ูŠุฃุชูŠูŽ ุงู„ุฌูู…ู„ุฉูŽ ููŠุญุตู„ ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ุง ููŠ ุฐู‡ู†ูู‡ ูˆูŠูุนุจู‘ูุฑ ุนู†ู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุจุฌู…ู„ุฉู ุชูุทุงุจูู‚ูู‡ุงุŒ ุณูˆุงุกูŒ ุณุงูˆูŽุช ุฃู„ูุงุธูŽู‡ุง ุฃู… ุฎุงู„ููŽุชู‡ุงุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ู ุฃุฌูˆุฏู ูˆู„ู‡ุฐุง ู„ู… ุชูŽุญุชูŽุฌ ูƒูุชูุจ ุญู†ูŠู† ุจู† ุฅุณุญุงู‚ ุฅู„ู‰ ุชู‡ุฐูŠุจู ุฅู„ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุนู„ูˆู…ู ุงู„ุฑูŠุงุถูŠุฉ ู„ุฃู†ู‘ู‡ ู„ูŽู… ูŠูƒู† ู‚ูŠู‘ู…ู‹ุง ุจู‡ุงุŒ ุจุฎู„ุงูู ูƒุชุจ ุงู„ุทุจู ูˆุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ู ูˆุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠู ูˆุงู„ุฅู„ู‡ูŠ ูุฅู† ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุนุฑู‘ุจู‡ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ู„ู… ูŠูŽุญุชูŽุฌ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฅุตู„ุงุญ.
What united the Islamic golden age the most was language, Arabic, even more than Islam.
Because that's what allowed knowledge to freely circulate everywhere: from ุจู„ุงุฏ ูุงุฑุณ way far into ุงู„ุฃู†ุฏู„ุณ ูˆุงู„ู…ุบุฑุจ
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What united the Islamic golden age the most was language, Arabic, even more than Islam. Because that's what allowed knowledge to freely circulate everywhere: from ุจู„ุงุฏ ูุงุฑุณ way far into ุงู„ุฃู†ุฏู„ุณ ูˆุงู„ู…ุบุฑุจ
ุฃุชุฐูƒุฑ ูˆุญุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุซู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุดู‡ูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุฃู†ู‘ ุงู„ุบุฒุงู„ูŠ ุฃู„ู‘ู "ุชู‡ุงูุช ุงู„ูู„ุงุณูุฉ" ุจุจุบุฏุงุฏุŒ ูˆุจุนุฏู‡ ุจุณู†ูˆุงุช ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉุŒ ุฅุจู† ุฑุดุฏ ุงู„ุฃู†ุฏู„ุณูŠ ุฑุฏ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุจู€ "ุชู‡ุงูุช ุงู„ุชู‡ุงูุช."
ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุฃู†ู‘ ุงู„ุฃููƒุงุฑ ุฌุงู†ุช ุชู†ุชุดุฑ ุจุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ ุขู†ุฐุงูƒ ูˆุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ูƒู„ู‡ุง ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ุจุดุจูƒุฉ ููƒุฑูŠุฉ ุชุฏุนู…ู‡ุง ู„ุบุฉ ู…ุดุชุฑูƒุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠุฉ.