أمّا عن ارتباط نيتشه بهتلر والنازية وتشويه تراثه وكتبه، فالسبب يعود بشكل كبير لأُخته إليزالبيث. بوقتها هي استحوذت على حقوق الملكية الفكرية وعدّلت كتبه ومخطوطاته كما يحلو لها ونشرت كتب ومقالات تعتاش بيها على شُهرة أخوها وأفكاره حتى تطش وتصير شخصية مشهورة وذات نفوذ. هالشي تحقق بعدين لما وصل الحزب النازي للسلطة واستخدموا ارشيف نيتشه وتراثه الفكري بصفته أساس إيديولوجي لسياساتهم.
هتلر زارها أكثر من مرة، وحضر جنازتها (صورته وهو حزين أمام التابوت موجودة للآن).
هتلر زارها أكثر من مرة، وحضر جنازتها (صورته وهو حزين أمام التابوت موجودة للآن).
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أمّا عن ارتباط نيتشه بهتلر والنازية وتشويه تراثه وكتبه، فالسبب يعود بشكل كبير لأُخته إليزالبيث. بوقتها هي استحوذت على حقوق الملكية الفكرية وعدّلت كتبه ومخطوطاته كما يحلو لها ونشرت كتب ومقالات تعتاش بيها على شُهرة أخوها وأفكاره حتى تطش وتصير شخصية مشهورة وذات…
From then until Elisabeth’s death in 1935, she controlled access to and publication, editing and copyright of all Nietzsche’s work, as well as letters written to and by him. She had put herself in the position to exercise whatever censorship she desired, to shape her brother’s writing and his life story, and to receive the royalties for whatever she permitted to be published.
During those years Elisabeth was the spider at the centre of the Nietzsche archive, weaving her brother’s words into her own web and inflating her own reputation through presenting her brother as the mystic prophet of her own convictions.
Elisabeth had never understood his rejection of all systems and of all philosophies that reduced the world to a single system. The revolutionary opposition to certainty that led him to describe himself as the philosopher of ‘perhaps’ was beyond her comprehension. She ignored his idea of himself as a practical joker, the philosopher who would rather be seen as a buffoon than a saint.
During those years Elisabeth was the spider at the centre of the Nietzsche archive, weaving her brother’s words into her own web and inflating her own reputation through presenting her brother as the mystic prophet of her own convictions.
Elisabeth had never understood his rejection of all systems and of all philosophies that reduced the world to a single system. The revolutionary opposition to certainty that led him to describe himself as the philosopher of ‘perhaps’ was beyond her comprehension. She ignored his idea of himself as a practical joker, the philosopher who would rather be seen as a buffoon than a saint.
‘We are drunk with enthusiasm because at the head of our government stands such a wonderful, indeed phenomenal, personality like our magnificent Chancellor Adolf Hitler,’ gushed Elisabeth. ‘Ein Volk, Ein Reich, Ein Führer.’
من سخرية القدر أنّ علاقته بأُخته أبد ما كانت جيدة والمشاكل بينهم هواي. قبلما يفقد عقله بفترة قريبة كاللها أنّه قرر ينهي علاقته بيها للأبد، ودائمًا جان يوصف عائلته (وأُخته بالأخص) بأنّهم مثل سلاسل chains تقيّده. رغم أنّه كدر يتحرر من كل القيود الثانية، لكن هاي القيود بعدها تسببله "المرض" اللي دائمًا جان يوصفه بـ :
chain-sickness (Kettenkrankheit)
chain-sickness (Kettenkrankheit)
Man cannot live without such untruths. He cannot bear life without measuring reality by purely invented fictional systems such as philosophy, astrology and religion. [...] Man had originally been free, but he had bricked himself into beliefs, madly constructing Zoroastrian observatories, Greek and Roman temples, Egyptian tomb pyramids and Christian cathedrals. He chose to erect an architecture of fear and awe, whose very foundation is the terror that death might lead to nothing more than oblivion.
Philosophers are no better than cunning pleaders for their prejudices, sly spokesmen for their ideas which they baptise ‘truths’. Philosophers are snake oil salesmen of the soul. Their doctrines amount to edicts imposing self-tyranny upon human nature. Philosophy always creates the world in its own image; it cannot do otherwise. Philosophy is glorification of universalisation. It is imposition. It seeks to make all existence exist only after its own image.
As for science, it is no better. The conclusions of the knowledge-microscopists provide no more truth than do the philosophers. The meaning of science is not religion. Yet science, somehow, is becoming substituted for religion. The modern world is mistaking scientific theory for moral dogma.
Distrusting all system-builders, Nietzsche steadfastly refuses to build a system for us. He loves to contradict himself in the realm of ideas, and to force us into the position of the free spirit who is independent of him.
To establish whether one is ready for independence one must not cling to anything, not even a sense of one’s own detachment. Few are made for such independence. It is the privilege of the tightrope walkers, those who are daring to the point of recklessness.
To establish whether one is ready for independence one must not cling to anything, not even a sense of one’s own detachment. Few are made for such independence. It is the privilege of the tightrope walkers, those who are daring to the point of recklessness.