وَجَعَلَنِي مُبَارَكًا أَيْنَ مَا كُنتُ وَأَوْصَانِي بِالصَّلَاةِ وَالزَّكَاةِ مَا دُمْتُ حَيًّا

[سورة مريم]

وَاذْكُرْ فِي الْكِتَابِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ ۚ إِنَّهُ كَانَ "صَادِقَ الْوَعْدِ" وَكَانَ رَسُولًا نَّبِيًّا

[سورة مريم]

Let's talk about Reason and logic:

Whereas reason is commonly viewed as a superior means to think better on one’s own, we argue that it is mainly used in our interactions with others.
We produce reasons in order to justify our thoughts and actions to others and to produce arguments to convince others to think and act as we suggest. We also use reason to evaluate not so much our own thought as the reasons others produce to justify themselves or to convince us.
Whereas reason is commonly viewed as the use of logic, or at least some system of rules to expand and improve our knowledge and our decisions, we argue that reason is much more opportunistic and eclectic and is not bound to formal norms. The main role of logic in reasoning, we suggest, may well be a rhetorical one: logic helps simplify and schematize intuitive arguments, highlighting and often exaggerating their force.

- The enigma of reason

Reason, we argue, has two main functions: that of producing reasons for justifying oneself, and that of producing arguments to convince others.

- The enigma of reason

Why bother to explain and justify oneself? Humans differ from other animals not only in their hyperdeveloped cognitive capacities but also, and crucially, in how and how much they cooperate. They cooperate not only with kin but also with strangers; not only in here-and-now ventures but also in the pursuit of long-term goals; not only in a small repertoire of species-typical forms of joint action but also in jointly setting up new forms of cooperation.
Such cooperation poses unique problems of coordination and trust.

- The enigma of reason

One of the family,
By Frederick George Cotman

أحِبَّ الخطر. ما هو أصعبُ الأشياءِ منالًا؟ ذاكَ هوَ ما أريد! أيُّ الطُرُق يجبُ أنْ تسلُك؟ أكثرُها وعورةً!

خيرُ الفضائلِ ضَبطُ النفس؛ بِهِ فقط يمكن أنْ نُوازنَ بين القوةِ والرغبة، وبه تُثمِر مساعي الإنسان

"If, then, I were asked for the most important advice.. .I could say: in the name of God, stop a moment, cease your work, look around you.”

We really live in a great time for thinking, with Einstein, Freud and Wittgenstein all alive (and all living in Germany or Austria, those foes of civilisation!).

- Frank Ramsey, in 1924

جَلَسَ الأحنفُ بن قيس مَجلِسًا فكَثُرَ فيه ذِكرُ شَهواتِ البَطن والفَرج، فقالَ لجُلَسائِه :
جَنِّبُوا مَجَالِسَنَا ذِكْرَ النِّسَاءِ وَالطَّعَامِ، إِنِّي أُبْغِضُ الرَّجُلَ يَكُوْنُ وَصَّافًا لِفَرْجِهِ وَبَطْنه.

مما يروى عن الأحنف بن قيس أيضًا (وكان سيدًا على بني تميم) أنّه حينَ جمعَ معاويةُ الناسَ لبيعة إبنه يزيد على الخلافة، كان الأحنَفُ من بينِهم فرآه جالسًا لا يتكلم، فقالَ له:
ما بالُـك لا تقولُ شيئًا يا أبا بَحر؟ 
فأجابَه الأحنَف:
أخَافُ اللهَ إنْ كَذَبت، وأخَافُكم إنْ صَدَقْت

يُروى أنّ الأحنفَ قال عن نفسِه، وقد كان سيدًا على تميم:
هذا الذي إنْ غَضِبَ، غَضِبَ لغَضبَتِه مائةُ ألفِ سيفٍ لا يَسألونَه فِيمَ غَضِب.

يكلك:

Individuals who speak multiple languages demonstrate separate speech areas for each language.

The motor areas (in the frontal cortex) usually are shared (mixed) by both languages.
But the sensory (receptive) areas in the temporal and parietal cortices show seperate areas for each language