The average forager had wider, deeper and more varied knowledge of her immediate surroundings than most of her modern descendants.
Today, most people in industrial societies don’t need to know much about the natural world in order to survive. What do you really need to know in order to get by as a computer engineer, an insurance agent, a history teacher or a factory worker? You need to know a lot about your own tiny field of expertise, but for the vast majority of life’s necessities you rely blindly on the help of other experts, whose own knowledge is also limited to a tiny field of expertise. The human collective knows far more today than did the ancient bands. But at the individual level, ancient foragers were the most knowledgeable and skilful people in history.
There is some evidence that the size of the average Sapiens brain has actually decreased since the age of foraging. Survival in that era required superb mental abilities from everyone. When agriculture and industry came along people could increasingly rely on the skills of others for survival, and new ‘niches for imbeciles’ were opened up. You could survive and pass your unremarkable genes to the next generation by working as a water carrier or an assembly-line worker.
Foragers mastered not only the surrounding world of animals, plants and objects, but also the internal world of their own bodies and senses. They listened to the slightest movement in the grass to learn whether a snake might be lurking there. They carefully observed the foliage of trees in order to discover fruits, beehives and bird nests. They moved with a minimum of effort and noise, and knew how to sit, walk and run in the most agile and efficient manner. Varied and constant use of their bodies made them as fit as marathon runners. They had physical dexterity that people today are unable to achieve even after years of practising yoga or t’ai chi.
The hunter-gatherer way of life differed significantly from region to region and from season to season, but on the whole foragers seem to have enjoyed a more comfortable and rewarding lifestyle than most of the peasants, shepherds, labourers and office clerks who followed in their footsteps.

- نسيت من يا كتاب (يمكن Sapiens)

يرى الجاحظ أنَّ الترجمة مهما حاولت بذل جهود في نسخ النص، إلّا أنّها لا تستطيع فعل ذلك بل يمكن لها المقارب، وعلى الرغم من هذا التشابه، إلّا أن الترجمة تبقى عاجزة عن النقل التام للنص، وذلك لأنّها مهما سعت لهذا التشابه والنسخ فهي لن ترقى إليه.

ومن منظور فلسفي يُنظر لترجمة اللغة واللغة ذاتها بأنّها ليست أداة ووسيلة للتواصل بين الشعوب، بل هي عبارة عن فعل يظهر ويخفي، يوحد ويفرق، وتوصّل النقاد والفلاسفة بأن الترجمة بتعريفها المعاصر تجاوزت الميتافيزيقيا والتعريف القديم للترجمة، وأن الترجمة أصبحت قيمتها لا تقل أبداً عن قيمة التأليف والكتابة، وهو أصبح ضرورة حياتية، لهذا السبب أصبح الفلاسفة على وعي تام بأهمية الترجمة، حتى إن بعض الفلاسفة أصبحوا مترجمين ومن ضمنهم: جاك دريدا و مارتن هايدغر.

ومن هنا تصبح الترجمة إحدى القضايا الفلسفية 😂

.

ما الانسان دون حرية ؟

هو الانسان وينه وين الحرية
اقرة عندك أوسكي اسبوع الجاي

اخوان جان موضوع حلو ردت اسوي ثرد عنه بس هاهيه

😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂اسف حقك علية

المهم، انت كمل الثرد واني اثبت خطأه

انسان ماعنده حرية

اوكي ميحتاج*

«إن الترجمان لا يؤدي أبداً ما قاله الحكيم على خصائص معانيه، وحقائق مذاهبه، ودقائق اختصاراته، وخفيات حدوده. ولا يقدر أن يوفيها حقوقها،و يؤدي الأمانة فيها، ويقوم بما يلزم الوكيل ويجب على الجَرِيّ»

الجاحظ

Wise men read very sharply all your private history in your look and gait and behavior. The whole economy of nature is bent on expression. The tell-tale body is all tongues.

- Ralph Waldo Emerson