TARGET Environment Shots
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most important content for prelims 2020
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Forwarded from TARGET UPSC by Dr.Sudarshan Lodha (AIR 571 ) (Dipak Nirmala Yuvraj)
National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research:

@ National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research (NCPOR) , autonomous research and development institution -by Ministry of Earth Sciences in 1998.
@ located in Goa.
@ It is responsible for research activities in the Polar and Southern Ocean realms.
@ Management and upkeep of the Indian Antarctic Research Bases “Maitri” and “Bharati”, and the Indian Arctic base “Himadri”.
@ Management of research vessel ORV Sagar Kanya .
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INCOIS SERVICES FOR MARINE-BASED USERS

Small Vessel Advisory and Forecast Services System (SVAS)
, to improve operations on the numerous small marine vessels, particularly fishing vessels that ply the coastal waters of India.

The Swell Surge Forecast System was also launched, which will provide forewarnings for the coastal population of India's vast shoreline, which experiences a slew of damages caused by the swell waves that actually originate from the distant southern Indian Ocean.


Algal Bloom Information Service (ABIS), providing timely information on harmful algal blooms, which are detrimental to coastal fisheries and also tend to induce respiratory problems within the coastal population from time to time.
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The Faith for Earth Initiative

Following a series of initiatives and conventions organized in partnership with faith-based organizations, UN Environment launched the Faith for Earth Initiative in November 2017.


The goal of Faith for Earth is to strategically engage with faith based organizations and partner with them to collectively achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) and fulfill the objectives of the 2030 Agenda.

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El Nino/La Nina
-El Nino is the abnormal warming of sea surface temperature (SST) of the Pacific Ocean off the coast of Peru in South America, while La Nina is the opposite, an abnormal cooling of SST.

- While El Nino leads to deficit rainfall, La Nina brings an above-average monsoon.

• Madden-Julian Oscillation
- It can modulate the timing and strength of monsoons, influence tropical cyclone numbers and strength in nearly all ocean basins and result in jet stream changes that can lead to cold air outbreaks, extreme heat events, and flooding rains over the United States and North America.


• Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)
- It is also referred to as the Indian Niño, is a condition when the SST of the western region of Indian Ocean alternately becomes abnormally colder and then abnormally hotter than the eastern region.
National Medical Devices Promotion Council under which ministry? must attepmt
Anonymous Quiz
38%
health and family welfare
21%
s&t
35%
commerce
6%
heavy industries
Netherlands ‘Room for the River’ project.

The flagship project of the Dutch government is centered around protecting areas adjoining rivers from routine flooding and improving water management systems in delta regions.

“Room of the river” is to be
replicated in Kerala’s Kuttanad, which remained submerged for weeks during Kerala floods.
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Forwarded from TARGET Environment Shots
United for Biodiversity’ coalition

The European Commission (EC) has launched the ‘United for Biodiversity’ coalition.

The coalition is made up of zoos, aquariums, botanical gardens, national parks, and natural history and science museums from around the world.

The coalition offers the opportunity for all such institutions to “join forces and boost public awareness about the nature crisis.

The coalition adopted a common pledge, citing the Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and
Ecosystem Services (IPBES) Global Assessment finding that one million species were already at risk of extinction, and appeals to visitors to each of their institutions to “raise their voice for nature.
Senna spectabilis is a plant species of the legume family (Fabaceae) native to South and Central America.

The plant has become an invasive alien species in parts of Africa, India and other countries.

It is categorised as ‘Least Concern’ under IUCN Red List.

Its
a IAS in Nilgiri biosphere reserve.
United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR)

The UNISDR was established in 1999 as a dedicated secretariat to facilitate the implementation of the International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR).

It is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.

It is mandated to serve as the focal point in the United Nations system for the coordination of disaster reduction and to ensure synergies among the disaster reduction activities.

It is an organisational unit of the UN Secretariat and is led by the UN Special Representative of the Secretary General for Disaster Risk Reduction (SRSG).

UNISDR's Strategic Framework 2016-2021 has a vision to substantially reduce disaster risk and losses for a sustainable future with the mandate to act as the custodian of the Sendai Framework, supporting countries and societies in its implementation, monitoring and review of progress
Malabar Civet is a nocturnal and elusive animal. It is endemic to Western Ghats of India.

● IUCN Red List: Critically Endangered.

● Wildlife (Protection) Act,1972: Schedule I

● CITES: Appendix III

● Threats: Habitat destruction and Hunting.

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GreenCo Rating is the "first of its kind in the World" holistic framework that evaluates companies on the environmental friendliness of their activities using life cycle approach.


Implementation of GreenCo rating provides leadership and guidance to companies on how to make products, services and operations greener.

Industry personnel are trained on the latest Green concepts and facilitated for implementing better systems and implementing global best practices in green

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GreenCo Rating by ? must attempt
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33%
BEE
36%
TERI
19%
CII
12%
GBCI
National Resource Efficiency Authority (NREA) :
It will be constituted under the Environment Protection Act, 1986. It will be based in the MOEFCC. It will oversee, administer and review implementation of the NREP.

National Resource Efficiency Board: It is an interministerial body. It will provide necessary guidelines on aspects critical to the implementation of resource efficiency across all sectors
Sustainable Livelihoods and Adaptation to Climate Change (SLACC)

The SLACC project is funded by the Special Climate Change Fund, which was set up under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change to finance global projects relating to adaptation, technology transfer and capacity building, among other areas.

The SLACC project is being implemented in convergence with the Mahila Kisan Sashaktikaran Pariyojana, Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) and other Centrally-sponsored schemes.

The programme aims to create a cadre of over 200 certified climate-smart' community resource persons and over 100 young professionals in villages, who will combat the impact of climate change and secure their livelihood through climate proof planning and adaptations.

The cadre will further disseminate the climate resilient technologies to farming communities in their respective allocated villages, as assigned by the State Rural Livelihood Mission (SRLM) staff.
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NIRDPR-National Institute of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj

• It functions as an autonomous organisation supported by the Ministry of Rural Development.
• It is the apex body for undertaking training, research, and action research and consultancy assignments in the rural development sector in India
About Red Panda

● The Red Panda (Ailurus fulgens) is a mammal native to the eastern Himalayas and southwestern China.

● In India, it is found in Sikkim, western Arunachal Pradesh, Darjeeling district of West Bengal and parts of Meghalaya. It is also the state animal of Sikkim.

● IUCN Red List: Endangered

● Wildlife (Protection) Act,1972: Schedule I

● CITES: Appendix I

● Threats: a) Habitat loss and fragmentation b) Hunting for meat and Trade c) Natural disasters among others
‘Samudrayaan’ project


It is an initiative of the National Institute of Ocean Technology
Similar to ISRO’s plan to carry persons on a space mission(Gaganyaan Mission), NIOT has undertaken Samudrayaan.

The project proposes to send a submersible vehicle with three persons to a depth of about 6000 metres to carry out deep underwater studies

The ‘Samudrayaan’ is a part of the Ministry of Earth Sciences’ pilot project for deep ocean mining for rare minerals.

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Flagship species

A flagship species is a species selected to act as an ambassador, icon or symbol for a defined habitat, issue, campaign or environmental cause.

By focusing on, and achieving conservation of that species, the status of many other species which
share its habitat – or are vulnerable to the same threats - may also be improved.

Flagship species are usually relatively large, and considered to be 'charismatic' in western cultures. Flagship species may or may not be
keystone species and may or may not be good indicators of biological process

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Gaur (Indian Bison)
● The gaur also called the Indian bison is the largest extant bovine.

It is native to South Asia and Southeast

Asia.
● The local names of the Gaur are a) Seladang — Malaysia b) Pyoung — Myanmar and c) Gayal or mithun
— domesticated form of gaur.

● It is the State animal of Goa.

● Listed as Vulnerable under IUCN Red List.

● CITES- Appendix I

● Threats: a) Hunting for consumption b) Loss of suitable habitat and c) contract diseases transmitted by domestic cattle.
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Convalescent plasma treatment for
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17%
MALARIA
14%
TB
10%
HIV
59%
COVID-19
Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation
(CORSIA).

- CORSIA is the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) resolution for a global market based measure to address CO2 emissions from international aviation from 2021 to 2035.

- All civilian international operations undertaken by operators are covered by CORSIA with exceptions for humanitarian, medical and fire-fighting flights

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#THANKS VIVEK J