Anemia Mukt Bharat (AMB)

Government of India has launched the Anemia Mukt Bharat (AMB) strategy under Holistic Nourishment (POSHAN) Abhiyaan and the targets has been set to reduce anaemia by 3% per year.

The 6x6x6 strategy under AMB implies six age groups, six interventions and six institutional mechanisms.

The strategy focuses on ensuring supply chain, demand generation and strong monitoring using for addressing anemia, both due to nutritional and non-nutritional causes.

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ST. PETERSBURG DECLARATION
For doubling tiger population (India was a party to this declaration) by 2022.

The Sacred Groves comprises of patches of forest or natural vegetation- from a few trees to forests of several acres-that are usually dedicated to local folk deities.

The sacred groves are important repositories of flora and fauna diversity that have conserved by local communities in a sustainable manner.

Classified in 3 categories: Traditional Sacred Groves, Temple Groves and Groves around burial or cremation grounds.

Global Animal Protection Index

Released by World Animal Protection, an international animal welfare charity.

It aims to showcase where countries are doing well, and where they fall short on animal welfare policy and legislation. The index ranks countries from A (being the highest score) to G (being the weakest score) according to their policy and legislation.

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ANTHROPOGENIC MINERAL
• They are mineral that have been made on Earth, of substances formed as a result of
human activities such as mining and mineral processing

Example
- Hydrotalcite are produced when asbestos tailings passively absorb atmospheric carbon dioxide.

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Sargasso Sea
The Sargasso Sea is a region in the gyre in the middle of the North Atlantic Ocean.
It is the only sea on Earth which has no coastline.

It is bounded on the

west by the Gulf Stream;
north, by the North Atlantic Current;
east, by the Canary Current; and
south, by the North Atlantic Equatorial Current.

This system of ocean currents forms the North Atlantic Gyre.
All the currents deposit the marine plants and refuse they carry into this sea.

Recently it was found that Sargasso seaweed algae belt is increasingly growing.
— It is named for a genus of free-floating seaweed called Sargassum.

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National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research:

@ National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research (NCPOR) , autonomous research and development institution -by Ministry of Earth Sciences in 1998.
@ located in Goa.
@ It is responsible for research activities in the Polar and Southern Ocean realms.
@ Management and upkeep of the Indian Antarctic Research Bases “Maitri” and “Bharati”, and the Indian Arctic base “Himadri”.
@ Management of research vessel ORV Sagar Kanya .
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INCOIS SERVICES FOR MARINE-BASED USERS

Small Vessel Advisory and Forecast Services System (SVAS), to improve operations on the numerous small marine vessels, particularly fishing vessels that ply the coastal waters of India.

The Swell Surge Forecast System was also launched, which will provide forewarnings for the coastal population of India's vast shoreline, which experiences a slew of damages caused by the swell waves that actually originate from the distant southern Indian Ocean.


Algal Bloom Information Service (ABIS), providing timely information on harmful algal blooms, which are detrimental to coastal fisheries and also tend to induce respiratory problems within the coastal population from time to time.
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The Faith for Earth Initiative

Following a series of initiatives and conventions organized in partnership with faith-based organizations, UN Environment launched the Faith for Earth Initiative in November 2017.


The goal of Faith for Earth is to strategically engage with faith based organizations and partner with them to collectively achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) and fulfill the objectives of the 2030 Agenda.

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El Nino/La Nina
-El Nino is the abnormal warming of sea surface temperature (SST) of the Pacific Ocean off the coast of Peru in South America, while La Nina is the opposite, an abnormal cooling of SST.

- While El Nino leads to deficit rainfall, La Nina brings an above-average monsoon.

• Madden-Julian Oscillation
- It can modulate the timing and strength of monsoons, influence tropical cyclone numbers and strength in nearly all ocean basins and result in jet stream changes that can lead to cold air outbreaks, extreme heat events, and flooding rains over the United States and North America.


• Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)
- It is also referred to as the Indian Niño, is a condition when the SST of the western region of Indian Ocean alternately becomes abnormally colder and then abnormally hotter than the eastern region.

Netherlands ‘Room for the River’ project.

The flagship project of the Dutch government is centered around protecting areas adjoining rivers from routine flooding and improving water management systems in delta regions.

“Room of the river” is to be
replicated in Kerala’s Kuttanad, which remained submerged for weeks during Kerala floods.
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United for Biodiversity’ coalition

The European Commission (EC) has launched the ‘United for Biodiversity’ coalition.

The coalition is made up of zoos, aquariums, botanical gardens, national parks, and natural history and science museums from around the world.

The coalition offers the opportunity for all such institutions to “join forces and boost public awareness about the nature crisis.

The coalition adopted a common pledge, citing the Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and
Ecosystem Services (IPBES) Global Assessment finding that one million species were already at risk of extinction, and appeals to visitors to each of their institutions to “raise their voice for nature.

Senna spectabilis is a plant species of the legume family (Fabaceae) native to South and Central America.

The plant has become an invasive alien species in parts of Africa, India and other countries.

It is categorised as ‘Least Concern’ under IUCN Red List.

Its a IAS in Nilgiri biosphere reserve.

United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR)

The UNISDR was established in 1999 as a dedicated secretariat to facilitate the implementation of the International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR).

It is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.

It is mandated to serve as the focal point in the United Nations system for the coordination of disaster reduction and to ensure synergies among the disaster reduction activities.

It is an organisational unit of the UN Secretariat and is led by the UN Special Representative of the Secretary General for Disaster Risk Reduction (SRSG).

UNISDR's Strategic Framework 2016-2021 has a vision to substantially reduce disaster risk and losses for a sustainable future with the mandate to act as the custodian of the Sendai Framework, supporting countries and societies in its implementation, monitoring and review of progress

Malabar Civet is a nocturnal and elusive animal. It is endemic to Western Ghats of India.

● IUCN Red List: Critically Endangered.

● Wildlife (Protection) Act,1972: Schedule I

● CITES: Appendix III

● Threats: Habitat destruction and Hunting.

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GreenCo Rating is the "first of its kind in the World" holistic framework that evaluates companies on the environmental friendliness of their activities using life cycle approach.


Implementation of GreenCo rating provides leadership and guidance to companies on how to make products, services and operations greener.

Industry personnel are trained on the latest Green concepts and facilitated for implementing better systems and implementing global best practices in green

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National Resource Efficiency Authority (NREA) :
It will be constituted under the Environment Protection Act, 1986. It will be based in the MOEFCC. It will oversee, administer and review implementation of the NREP.

National Resource Efficiency Board: It is an interministerial body. It will provide necessary guidelines on aspects critical to the implementation of resource efficiency across all sectors