GEF & GCF (Don't get confused anymore)
⭕️Global Environment Facility (GEF)
⭕️Green Climate Fund(GCF)
Global Environment Facility (GEF)
✅It was established in 1992 during Rio Summit.
✅It is an umbrella type of funding mechanism which provides funding to following conventions:
🔳Location -Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America
1️⃣Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
2️⃣UNFCCC
3️⃣Stockholm Convention
4️⃣UN Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)
5️⃣Minamata Convention on Mercury.
✅GEF has 18 implementing partners for this purpose, like World Bank, Asian development bank, World wide fund(WWF), IUCN, FAO etc.
✅Today GEF has become an international partnership of 183 countries, international institutions, civil society organizations, and private sector to address global environmental issues.
Green climate fund (GCF):
🔰 It is a fund within UNFCC,founded in 2010 to assist developing countries in adaptation and mitigation practices to counter climate change.
🔰It is based in the new Songdo district of South Korea.
💡GEF has set set itself a goal of raising $100 billion per year by 2020 for financing climate actions.
💡This was also re-iterated in COP-21 held in paris last year.
So, the diffrence b/w GEF and GCF is:
✔️GEF is older
✔️GEF has broader mandate, GCF deals with UNFCCC only.
⭕️Global Environment Facility (GEF)
⭕️Green Climate Fund(GCF)
Global Environment Facility (GEF)
✅It was established in 1992 during Rio Summit.
✅It is an umbrella type of funding mechanism which provides funding to following conventions:
🔳Location -Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America
1️⃣Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
2️⃣UNFCCC
3️⃣Stockholm Convention
4️⃣UN Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)
5️⃣Minamata Convention on Mercury.
✅GEF has 18 implementing partners for this purpose, like World Bank, Asian development bank, World wide fund(WWF), IUCN, FAO etc.
✅Today GEF has become an international partnership of 183 countries, international institutions, civil society organizations, and private sector to address global environmental issues.
Green climate fund (GCF):
🔰 It is a fund within UNFCC,founded in 2010 to assist developing countries in adaptation and mitigation practices to counter climate change.
🔰It is based in the new Songdo district of South Korea.
💡GEF has set set itself a goal of raising $100 billion per year by 2020 for financing climate actions.
💡This was also re-iterated in COP-21 held in paris last year.
So, the diffrence b/w GEF and GCF is:
✔️GEF is older
✔️GEF has broader mandate, GCF deals with UNFCCC only.
NCAP national clear air program
The NCAP will be a mid-term, five-year action plan which started in 2019 TO 2024
▪️The features of NCAP include increasing number of monitoring stations in the country including rural monitoring stations, technology support, emphasis on awareness and capacity building initiatives, setting up of certification agencies for monitoring equipment, source apportionment studies, emphasis on enforcement, specific sectoral interventions etc.
▪️National level target of 20%–30% reduction of PM2.5 and PM10 concentration by 2024 is proposed
under the NCAP taking 2017 as the base year for the comparison of concentration
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The NCAP will be a mid-term, five-year action plan which started in 2019 TO 2024
▪️The features of NCAP include increasing number of monitoring stations in the country including rural monitoring stations, technology support, emphasis on awareness and capacity building initiatives, setting up of certification agencies for monitoring equipment, source apportionment studies, emphasis on enforcement, specific sectoral interventions etc.
▪️National level target of 20%–30% reduction of PM2.5 and PM10 concentration by 2024 is proposed
under the NCAP taking 2017 as the base year for the comparison of concentration
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Forwarded from TARGET UPSC by Dr.Sudarshan Lodha (AIR 571 )
Buried Sunshine -Coal
Black Gold - Petroleum.
Golden fibre-Jute
Green Gold -Bamboo
Manchester of India-Ahmedabad
Manchester of Japan -Osaka
Silicon Valley- California
Silicon plateau - Bangalore
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Black Gold - Petroleum.
Golden fibre-Jute
Green Gold -Bamboo
Manchester of India-Ahmedabad
Manchester of Japan -Osaka
Silicon Valley- California
Silicon plateau - Bangalore
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#TARGET_SHOTS
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Telegram
TARGET UPSC by Dr.Sudarshan Lodha (AIR 571 )
Channel to help UPSC students with right direction and guidance .
https://targetupsc.in
Talk to Sir 8830115524 ( @Sudarshantargetupsc )
Whom shall I contact if I face technical problem?
For Technical Issues : 9175280531
https://targetupsc.in
Talk to Sir 8830115524 ( @Sudarshantargetupsc )
Whom shall I contact if I face technical problem?
For Technical Issues : 9175280531
What is Polycrack?
It is the world’s very first patented heterogeneous catalytic process which converts multiple feedstocks into hydrocarbon liquid fuels, gas, carbon as well as water.
The waste generated will become the feeder material for the waste to energy plant. The energy which will be produced at the plant, will be in the form of light diesel oil and this oil will be used to light furnaces.
It is the world’s very first patented heterogeneous catalytic process which converts multiple feedstocks into hydrocarbon liquid fuels, gas, carbon as well as water.
The waste generated will become the feeder material for the waste to energy plant. The energy which will be produced at the plant, will be in the form of light diesel oil and this oil will be used to light furnaces.
Brown to Green Report
▪️The 2019 Brown to Green Report has been published by the Climate Transparency partnership, an international research collaboration.
▪️The report is the most comprehensive review of G20 countries’ climate performance, mapping achievements and drawbacks in their efforts to reduce emissions, adapt to climate impacts and green the financial system.
Findings of report
▪️Carbon emissions from the world’s 20 biggest economies, including India, are rising.
▪️ None of the G20 countries have plans that will help them achieve the target.
▪️Many of the current 2030 climate targets under the Paris Agreement (Nationally Determined Contributions or NDCs) are too weak, with about half of the G20 countries projected to meet or overachieve their inadequate NDCs.
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▪️The 2019 Brown to Green Report has been published by the Climate Transparency partnership, an international research collaboration.
▪️The report is the most comprehensive review of G20 countries’ climate performance, mapping achievements and drawbacks in their efforts to reduce emissions, adapt to climate impacts and green the financial system.
Findings of report
▪️Carbon emissions from the world’s 20 biggest economies, including India, are rising.
▪️ None of the G20 countries have plans that will help them achieve the target.
▪️Many of the current 2030 climate targets under the Paris Agreement (Nationally Determined Contributions or NDCs) are too weak, with about half of the G20 countries projected to meet or overachieve their inadequate NDCs.
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Hydroponics
▪️Hydroponics is the technique of growing plants Nwithout soil by using water solvent which consists of mineral nutrients.
▪️Hydroponic systems are engineered as a highly space and resource efficient form of farming and represent a considerable source of industrially grown produce.
▪️Hydroponics can increase the productivity of farmers as production cost is low.
▪️Hydroponics system is not affected by weather, wild animals and any of the other external biotic or
abiotic factors.
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▪️Hydroponics is the technique of growing plants Nwithout soil by using water solvent which consists of mineral nutrients.
▪️Hydroponic systems are engineered as a highly space and resource efficient form of farming and represent a considerable source of industrially grown produce.
▪️Hydroponics can increase the productivity of farmers as production cost is low.
▪️Hydroponics system is not affected by weather, wild animals and any of the other external biotic or
abiotic factors.
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Rhododendron
Rhododendron is a large genus of flowering plants and is found mainly in Eastern Himalayas, Western Himalayas and Nilgiris.
Some plants of Rhododendron are evergreen and some are deciduous in nature.
The species is found in varied habitats from subtropical forest to alpine shrubs, rhododendrons range from dwarf shrubs to large trees.
It is a state symbol of Sikkim and Uttarakhand.
The flowering plants with variegated flowers are fast disappearing from this region because of
being ruthlessly felled down with dual purpose of obtaining fuel and construction of houses.
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Rhododendron is a large genus of flowering plants and is found mainly in Eastern Himalayas, Western Himalayas and Nilgiris.
Some plants of Rhododendron are evergreen and some are deciduous in nature.
The species is found in varied habitats from subtropical forest to alpine shrubs, rhododendrons range from dwarf shrubs to large trees.
It is a state symbol of Sikkim and Uttarakhand.
The flowering plants with variegated flowers are fast disappearing from this region because of
being ruthlessly felled down with dual purpose of obtaining fuel and construction of houses.
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"Florianopolis Declaration", it was concluded that the purpose of the INTERNATIONAL WHALING COMMISSION is the conservation of whales and that they would now safeguard the marine mammals in perpetuity and would allow the recovery of all whale populations to pre-industrial whaling levels.
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The International Whaling Commission (IWC)
● It is an international body set up by the terms of the International Convention for the Regulation of
Whaling (ICRW) signed in Washington, D.C., United States, on 2 December 1946.
● It seeks to "provide for the proper conservation of whale stocks and thus make possible the orderly
development of the whaling industry"
● In 1982 the IWC adopted a moratorium on commercial whaling.
● Its Headquarters are located in Impington, United Kingdom.
● It is an international body set up by the terms of the International Convention for the Regulation of
Whaling (ICRW) signed in Washington, D.C., United States, on 2 December 1946.
● It seeks to "provide for the proper conservation of whale stocks and thus make possible the orderly
development of the whaling industry"
● In 1982 the IWC adopted a moratorium on commercial whaling.
● Its Headquarters are located in Impington, United Kingdom.
TARGET Environment Shots pinned «"Florianopolis Declaration", it was concluded that the purpose of the INTERNATIONAL WHALING COMMISSION is the conservation of whales and that they would now safeguard the marine mammals in perpetuity and would allow the recovery of all whale populations to…»
🔺India Renewable Idea Exchange (IRIX)
▪️IRIX is a platform that promotes the exchange of ideas among energy conscious Indians and the Global community.
▪️Initiated and moderated by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE),
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▪️IRIX is a platform that promotes the exchange of ideas among energy conscious Indians and the Global community.
▪️Initiated and moderated by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE),
#Target_Shots
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Global Environment Monitoring System (GEMS)
It was introduced in 1975 at the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment.
It is a global operation that collects information to better understand and protect the Earth’s environment.
This effort is made with the cooperation of other countries, who contribute data to the GEMS
It was introduced in 1975 at the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment.
It is a global operation that collects information to better understand and protect the Earth’s environment.
This effort is made with the cooperation of other countries, who contribute data to the GEMS
Umbrella Species
▪️ It is a Large animal or Species on which other Organism Depends
▪️ They are Similar to Keystone Species, but they are generally Migratory and need a Large habitat
▪️ Tigers, Leopards, Boars, Monkeys etc
▪️ It is a Large animal or Species on which other Organism Depends
▪️ They are Similar to Keystone Species, but they are generally Migratory and need a Large habitat
▪️ Tigers, Leopards, Boars, Monkeys etc
Zoological Survey of India (ZSI)
The ZSI was established on 1st July, 1916.
▪️Headquartered at Kolkata.
▪️It functions under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.
▪️It acts as the premier Indian organisation in zoological research and studies to promote the survey, exploration and research of the fauna in the country.
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The ZSI was established on 1st July, 1916.
▪️Headquartered at Kolkata.
▪️It functions under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.
▪️It acts as the premier Indian organisation in zoological research and studies to promote the survey, exploration and research of the fauna in the country.
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WWF
It is the world’s leading conservation organization and works in more than 100 countries.
It was established in 1961 and is headquartered at Gland, Switzerland
Its mission is to conserve nature and reduce the most pressing threats to the diversity of life on Earth.
WWF collaborates at every level with people around the world to develop and deliver innovative solutions that protect communities, wildlife, and the places in which they live.
It is the world’s leading conservation organization and works in more than 100 countries.
It was established in 1961 and is headquartered at Gland, Switzerland
Its mission is to conserve nature and reduce the most pressing threats to the diversity of life on Earth.
WWF collaborates at every level with people around the world to develop and deliver innovative solutions that protect communities, wildlife, and the places in which they live.
Red Mud
Red Mud is a waste by-product of the Bayer process for producing Aluminium oxide from bauxite ore.
It is an environmental concern due to the presence of impurities such as caustic soda and other minerals. It is highly alkaline in nature which makes it extremely corrosive and damaging to soil and life forms, presenting a massive problem for disposal.
Red Mud is a waste by-product of the Bayer process for producing Aluminium oxide from bauxite ore.
It is an environmental concern due to the presence of impurities such as caustic soda and other minerals. It is highly alkaline in nature which makes it extremely corrosive and damaging to soil and life forms, presenting a massive problem for disposal.
Emissions trading, as set out in Article 17 of the Kyoto Protocol, allows countries that have emission units to spare - emissions permitted them but not "used" - to sell this excess capacity to countries that are over their targets
The Adaptation Fund (AF) was established in 2001 to finance concrete adaptation projects and programmes in developing country Parties to the Kyoto Protocol that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change.
The Adaptation Fund is financed with a share of proceeds from clean development mechanism (CDM) project activities and other sources of funding. The share of proceeds amounts to 2 % of certified emission reductions (CERs) issued for a CDM project activity.
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The Adaptation Fund is financed with a share of proceeds from clean development mechanism (CDM) project activities and other sources of funding. The share of proceeds amounts to 2 % of certified emission reductions (CERs) issued for a CDM project activity.
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