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Most important filtered content prepared by Toppers and selected candidates

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World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)
-The World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) is the United Nations specialized agency responsible for the promotion of responsible, sustainable and universally accessible tourism.
-Headquarters Madrid, Spain
-The UNWTO World Tourism Barometer monitors short-term tourism trends on a regular basis to provide global tourism stakeholders with up-to-date analysis on international tourism.
-The World Tourism rankings are compiled by the United Nations World Tourism Organization as part of their World Tourism Barometer publication, which is released three times annually.

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▪️World’s largest platform for air quality data was launched recently, at World Urban Forum (WUF 10)

▪️Launched by UNEP together with UN-Habitat and IQAir (US Company).

▪️It bring together real-time air pollution data for particulate matter (PM2.5) from over 4,000 contributors, including citizens, communities, governments and the private sector to work towards healthier, more sustainable cities.

Greater Adjutant Stork (Hargila)
- It is found in a few isolated pockets in Assam and Bihar in India and PrekToal in Cambodia.
- IUCN status: Endangered
- It is listed under schedule IV of the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.

Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve
-It is the first biosphere reserve in India established in the year 1986.
- It is included in the World Network of Biosphere Reserves under the Man and Biosphere Reserve Programme of UNESCO
- Location: It is located in the Western Ghats and spreads over parts of Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka.
- Protected Areas within the Reserve: Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary, Wyanaad Wildlife Sanctuary Bandipur National Park, Nagarhole National Park, Mukurthi National Park, Silent Valley National Park, and Sathyamangalam Wildlife Sanctuary

Solar Risk Mitigation Initiative(SRMI)

The World Bank– Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (WB-ESMAP), in partnership with, Agence Française de Développement (AFD), International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) and International Solar Alliance (ISA) developed the Solar Risk Mitigation Initiative (SRMI).

This unique approach offers technical assistance to help countries develop evidence-based solar targets, implement a sustainable solar program, and maintain robust procurement processes with transaction advisors.

SRMI aims to support countries in developing sustainable solar programs that will attract private investments and so reduce reliance on public finances.

It has three components to mitigate the risk of solar deployment:

1. Sustainable Solar Targets
2. Transparent Procurement
3. Viable Risk Mitigation Coverage

-Income Approach: Human development is seen as being linked to income. The idea is that the level of income reflects the level of freedom an individual enjoys. Higher the level of income, the higher is the level of human development.

-Welfare Approach: This approach looks at human beings as beneficiaries or targets of all development activities. The approach argues for higher government expenditure on education, health, social secondary amenities. People are not participants in development but only passive recipients

- Basic needs Approach: This approach was initially proposed by the International Labour Organisation (ILO). Six basic needs i.e. health, education, food, water supply, sanitation, and housing were identified. The question of human choices is ignored and the emphasis is on the provision of basic needs of defined sections.

- Capability Approach: This approach is associated with Prof. Amartya Sen.
Building human capabilities in the areas of health, education and access to resources is the key to increasing human development

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The Green Growth Equity Fund (GGEF)


It is a joint initiative by the Governments of India and the UK under India’s flagship National Investment and Infrastructure Fund.

It will provide financing to the fast-growing Indian renewable energy sector. With a commitment of £120 million from each side, the GGEF is expected to raise up to £500 million from institutional investors.

GGEF will help accelerate achieving India’s target of 175GW of renewable energy capacity by 2022 and also invest in other related sectors such as clean transportation, water and waste management.

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Greater Adjutant Stork (Hargila)
- It is found in a few isolated pockets in Assam and Bihar in India and PrekToal in Cambodia.
- IUCN status: Endangered
- It is listed under schedule IV of the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972

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Biodiversity coldspot is a region that does not have as high species richness as found in biological hotspots.

It is important to conserve them, as they may be the only location where a rare species is found.

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Carbon Disclosure Report: was released by the Global Reporting Initiative, a non-profit organization, is an annual report on carbon reduction activities of different countries and their firms.

Greenpeace
● Greenpeace is a non-governmental environmental organization established in 1971.It is headquartered in Amsterdam, Netherlands.
● Its goal is to ensure the ability of the Earth to nurture life in all its diversity and focuses its campaigning on global issues such as climate change, deforestation, anti-nuclear issues among others.

Central Bureau of Narcotics

-The Central Bureau of Narcotics (CBN) headed by the Narcotics Commissioner is headquartered at Gwalior.
-The administrative control of the department lies with CBEC while its operational functions are monitored by the Department of Revenue, the nodal Department entrusted with the task of policy
decisions over control over narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and precursor and essential chemicals used in the manufacture of the NDPS.


Narcotics Control Bureau

- Constituted in 1986 under the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985.
- It is the apex coordinating agency under the Ministry of Home Affairs.
- The National Policy on Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances is based on Article 47 of the Indian Constitution - prohibition of the consumption, except for medicinal purposes, of intoxicating drugs injurious to health.
- Drug abuse control is the responsibility of the central government.


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