BUNKER Convention :-
•The International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage(BUNKER) is an International treaty listed
and administered by the International MaritimeOrganization, signed in London on 23 March 2001 and in force generally
on 21 November2008.
•The purpose is to adopt uniform international rules and procedures for determiningquestions of liability and providing
adequate compensation. •In the convention, Bunker Oil is fuel used to power the ship.
•The convention covers leakage of that oil, and requires signatories to the convention tohave their ships appropriately
insured against such leakage
https://rzp.io/l/W4Dr031
•The International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage(BUNKER) is an International treaty listed
and administered by the International MaritimeOrganization, signed in London on 23 March 2001 and in force generally
on 21 November2008.
•The purpose is to adopt uniform international rules and procedures for determiningquestions of liability and providing
adequate compensation. •In the convention, Bunker Oil is fuel used to power the ship.
•The convention covers leakage of that oil, and requires signatories to the convention tohave their ships appropriately
insured against such leakage
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Forest Carbon Partnership Facility
• FCPF is a World Bank programme and consists of a Readiness Fund and a Carbon Fund.
• The FCPF was created to assist developing countries to reduce emissions from deforestation and
forest degradation, enhance and conserve forest carbon stocks, and sustainably manage forests
(REDD+).
• Date fund proposed: Initial discussions in 2006. Date fund made operational: 25 June 2008.
• The FCPF became operational upon the operational date of the Readiness Fund.
• Administrating Organisation- The World Bank.
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• FCPF is a World Bank programme and consists of a Readiness Fund and a Carbon Fund.
• The FCPF was created to assist developing countries to reduce emissions from deforestation and
forest degradation, enhance and conserve forest carbon stocks, and sustainably manage forests
(REDD+).
• Date fund proposed: Initial discussions in 2006. Date fund made operational: 25 June 2008.
• The FCPF became operational upon the operational date of the Readiness Fund.
• Administrating Organisation- The World Bank.
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Ecological Fiscal Transfers (EFT) distribute a share of intergovernmental fiscal transfers and revenue sharing schemes according to ecological indicators such as protected areas or watershed management areas.
These conservation areas thus become a source of income for the receiving governments. EFT were invented as a compensation scheme for municipalities.
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These conservation areas thus become a source of income for the receiving governments. EFT were invented as a compensation scheme for municipalities.
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Characteristics of Mangrove Ecosystem:
(1) The mangrove forests include a diverse composition of trees and shrubs.
(2) Plants are well adapted to high salinity(halophytic).
(3) Resistant to tidal effect.
(4) Tolerant to high temperature.
(5) Roots bear pneumatophore (or aerial roots), which is an aerating system.
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(1) The mangrove forests include a diverse composition of trees and shrubs.
(2) Plants are well adapted to high salinity(halophytic).
(3) Resistant to tidal effect.
(4) Tolerant to high temperature.
(5) Roots bear pneumatophore (or aerial roots), which is an aerating system.
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https://t.me/joinchat/AAAAAE-R-Tptvun0DgL6rQ
The “The Future of Earth, 2020” Report was recently released.
About the report
The report is released by the South Asia Future Earth Regional Office, Divecha Centre for Climate Change, Indian Institute of Science.
The report was prepared with the aim of reducing carbon footprint and halting global warming below 2 degree Celsius by 2050.
About the report
The report is released by the South Asia Future Earth Regional Office, Divecha Centre for Climate Change, Indian Institute of Science.
The report was prepared with the aim of reducing carbon footprint and halting global warming below 2 degree Celsius by 2050.
Zero Waste International Alliance (ZWIA)
It is a group of environmental professionals dedicated to working towards a world without waste through public education and practical application of Zero Waste principles.
By disseminating knowledge and providing support to its members ZWIA is promoting the implementation of Zero Waste Principles in various aspects.
It is a group of environmental professionals dedicated to working towards a world without waste through public education and practical application of Zero Waste principles.
By disseminating knowledge and providing support to its members ZWIA is promoting the implementation of Zero Waste Principles in various aspects.
Adaptation Fund
The Adaptation Fund is an international fund that finances projects and programs aimed at helping developing countries to adapt to the harmful effects of climate change.
It is set up under the Kyoto Protocol of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
The Adaptation Fund is managed by the Adaptation Fund Board (AFB).
The secretariat of the Adaptation Fund Board provides research, advisory, administrative, and an array of other services to the Board, and consists of an international staff based in Washington, DC.
The World Bank serves as the trustee of the Adaptation Fund.
The Adaptation Fund is an international fund that finances projects and programs aimed at helping developing countries to adapt to the harmful effects of climate change.
It is set up under the Kyoto Protocol of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
The Adaptation Fund is managed by the Adaptation Fund Board (AFB).
The secretariat of the Adaptation Fund Board provides research, advisory, administrative, and an array of other services to the Board, and consists of an international staff based in Washington, DC.
The World Bank serves as the trustee of the Adaptation Fund.
Ghodahada Reservoir
The population of Mugger Crocodile is on the rise
in Odisha’s Ghodahada reservoir.
-The reservoir is located close to the Lakhari Valley
Sanctuary and is a part of the Eastern Ghats.
- The reservoir is fed by Ghodahada river which is a
tributary of the Rushikulya.
MUGGER
Protection
IUCN status: Vulnerable
Wildlife Protection Act, 1972: Schedule I
CITES: Appendix I
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The population of Mugger Crocodile is on the rise
in Odisha’s Ghodahada reservoir.
-The reservoir is located close to the Lakhari Valley
Sanctuary and is a part of the Eastern Ghats.
- The reservoir is fed by Ghodahada river which is a
tributary of the Rushikulya.
MUGGER
Protection
IUCN status: Vulnerable
Wildlife Protection Act, 1972: Schedule I
CITES: Appendix I
https://rzp.io/l/W4Dr031
https://t.me/joinchat/AAAAAE-R-Tptvun0DgL6rQ
Chile has declared COP 25 as the ‘Blue COP,’ and is promoting the conference as an opportunity to raise awareness on the importance of including an ocean component in climate action.
The Platform for Science-Based Ocean Solutions will bring together key methodologies and tools to help incorporate oceans into countries’ NDCs.
register for more shots
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The Platform for Science-Based Ocean Solutions will bring together key methodologies and tools to help incorporate oceans into countries’ NDCs.
register for more shots
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The World Wide Fund for Nature has derived a system called the "Global 200 Ecoregions", the aim of which is to select priority Ecoregions for conservation within each of 14 terrestrial, 3 freshwater, and 4 marine habitat types. They are chosen for their species richness, endemism, taxonomic uniqueness, unusual ecological or evolutionary phenomena, and global rarity. All biodiversity hotspots contain at least one Global 200 Ecoregion.
• Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design India
LEED is an internationally recognized green building certification system, providing third-party verification that a building or community was designed and built using strategies aimed at improving performance across all the metrics that matter most: Energy savings, water efficiency, CO2 emissions reduction, improved indoor environmental quality and stewardship of resources and sensitivity to their impacts.
The Indian Green Building Council has adapted LEED system and has launched LEED India version for rating of new constructioN
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LEED is an internationally recognized green building certification system, providing third-party verification that a building or community was designed and built using strategies aimed at improving performance across all the metrics that matter most: Energy savings, water efficiency, CO2 emissions reduction, improved indoor environmental quality and stewardship of resources and sensitivity to their impacts.
The Indian Green Building Council has adapted LEED system and has launched LEED India version for rating of new constructioN
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BOD is only a measurement of consumed oxygen by aquatic microorganisms to decompose or oxidize organic matter.
COD refers the requirement of dissolved oxygen for the oxidation of organic and inorganic constituents both.
COD refers the requirement of dissolved oxygen for the oxidation of organic and inorganic constituents both.
Cultural model of Conservation
• This is based on a respect for rights of indigenous peoples & other bearers of “traditional knowledge” & prevents social conflicts.
• It involves forest dwellers in forest mgmt. & governance & acknowledges traditional rights of tribal over minor forest produce & provisions for making conservation more effective & more transparent.
• Kinshasa Resolution of 1975 (under IUCN) provides international recognition to cultural model of conservation. It acknowledges importance of traditional ways of life & land ownership, & call on governments to maintain & encourage customary ways of living
• This is based on a respect for rights of indigenous peoples & other bearers of “traditional knowledge” & prevents social conflicts.
• It involves forest dwellers in forest mgmt. & governance & acknowledges traditional rights of tribal over minor forest produce & provisions for making conservation more effective & more transparent.
• Kinshasa Resolution of 1975 (under IUCN) provides international recognition to cultural model of conservation. It acknowledges importance of traditional ways of life & land ownership, & call on governments to maintain & encourage customary ways of living
2015 – Paris Convention
Target – 2060 – 100% CO2 ↓
→ Temp 2 °C below industrialization
→ Mission innovation
→ 2022 – 175 GW energy from renewable energy
Target – 2060 – 100% CO2 ↓
→ Temp 2 °C below industrialization
→ Mission innovation
→ 2022 – 175 GW energy from renewable energy
Extinction Rebellion
(abbreviated as XR)
is a global environmental movement with the stated aim of using nonviolent civil disobedience to compel government action to avoid tipping points in the climate system, biodiversity loss, and the risk of social and ecological collapse.
Extinction Rebellion was established in the United Kingdom in May 2018.
(abbreviated as XR)
is a global environmental movement with the stated aim of using nonviolent civil disobedience to compel government action to avoid tipping points in the climate system, biodiversity loss, and the risk of social and ecological collapse.
Extinction Rebellion was established in the United Kingdom in May 2018.
WORLD AIR QUALITY REPORT 2019
The 2019 World Air Quality Report was released by the pollution tracker IQAir and Greenpeace.
The 2019 World Air Quality Report was released by the pollution tracker IQAir and Greenpeace.
Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment (GRIHA) is India's own rating system jointly developed by TERI and the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Government of India.
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Earth Alliance, a new organization to help address the urgent threats to our planet’s life support systems – born out of the shared passion of its founding co-chairs: environmental activist and Academy Award-winning actor Leonardo DiCaprio, businesswoman and philanthropist Laurene Powell Jobs, and investor and philanthropist Brian Sheth.
Launched in response to a growing climate crisis and staggering loss of biodiversity threatening the stability of life on Earth, the Alliance marks a shared commitment to addressing these intertwined threats.
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Launched in response to a growing climate crisis and staggering loss of biodiversity threatening the stability of life on Earth, the Alliance marks a shared commitment to addressing these intertwined threats.
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Forwarded from TARGET UPSC by Dr.Sudarshan Lodha (AIR 571 )
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Ecosystem
It is defined as structural and functional unit of
biosphere consisting of living beings and physical
environment, both interacting and exchanging
materials between them
It is defined as structural and functional unit of
biosphere consisting of living beings and physical
environment, both interacting and exchanging
materials between them