152.Explanation

Correct Answer - C
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Rhinosporidiosis
Rhinosporidiosis
Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous infection of the mucous
membrane that usually manifests as vascular friable polyps that
arise from the nasal mucosa. The etiological agent is
Rhinosporidium seeberi. Rhinosporidium seeberi is an aquatic
bacterum (not a fungus). Infection usually results from a local
traumatic inoculation with the organism. It is seen in India, Pakistan
and Sri Lanka. In India, most of the cases are seen in Southern
states. Infection of the nose and nasopharynx is observed in 70% of
persons with rhinosporidiosis; infection of palpebral conjunctiva or
associated structures (including lacrimal apparatus) is observed in
15% of cases. Other structures of the mouth and upper airway may
be sites of disease. Disease of the skin, ear, genitals and rectum
has also been described. Rhinosporidiosis is an infection that
typically limited to the mucosal epithelium. The disease progress
with local replication of R seeberi and associated hyperplastic
growth of host tissue and a localized immune response.
Clinical features of Rhinosporidiosis
Rhinosporidiosis presents as soft leafy polypoidal mass (soft polyp),
which is pink to purple in colour studded with white dots, i.e.
strawberry appearance. This appearance results from sporangia,which is visible as grey or yellow spots in the vascular polypoid
masses. Because the polyps are vascular and friable, they bleed
easily upon manipulation.
Treatment
The treatment of choice is surgical excision. Complete excision of
mass is done with diathermy knife and cauterization of base.
Dapsone is being tried for treating rhinosporidiosis but with limited
success


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