Civil Engineering

10 of the Largest Construction Projects in the World
#9. Beijing Airport, China
Beijing International Airport will eventually surpass Dubai's Al Maktoum International Airport in cost, total square miles, and passenger and plane capacity. The airport's first phase was completed in time for the 2008 Olympiad. Further expansion is scheduled for completion by 2025. Terminal 1, designed by the architect Zaha Hadid, incorporates a number of sustainable design concepts in a futuristic building envelope.

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768 viewsedited 12:20

Civil Engineering

Common Construction Materials store On Site

🏗Storing Of Bricks On Site

🏗Storing Of Steel On Site

🏗 Storing Of Cement On Site

🏗Storing Of Aggregates On Site

🏗Storing Of Timber On Site

🏗Storing Of Concrete Blocks On Site

GUIDELINES TO FOLLOW WHILE STORING BLOCKS ON SITE

While storing these concrete blocks at site, following guidelines should be followed.

🚫  Do not dump concrete blocks at site.

📛Store the blocks close to the site of work so that least effort is required for their transportation.

⛔️ Unload one block at a time and stack it in regular tiers to minimize breakage and defacement.

⛔️ The height of the stack should not be more than 1.2 m. the length of the stack should not be more than 3 m. and width of the stack should not be more than 2 to 3 blocks.

⛔️  If blocks are cured for less than 28 days, then stack these blocks separately.

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Civil Engineering

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Civil Engineering

10 of the Largest Construction Projects in the World
#10. Great Man-Made River Project, Libya
Libya has been working on the "Great Man-Made River" (GMR) project since 1985. It is the largest irrigation project in the world. When completed, it will irrigate more than 350,000 acres of arable land and will substantially increase available drinking water in most of Libya's urban centers. The water source for the project is the underground Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System. The project is scheduled for completion in 2030.

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856 viewsedited 13:04

Civil Engineering

Sieve Analysis
1- Why sieve analysis is important?

Ans: Sieve analysis is one of the most significant test for aggregates as it's used widely in road construction, the sieve analysis can determine the particle size distribution of the sample and determine the particle size range, the result of sieve analysis is used to select the suitable grade of granular material for subbase. Also the sieve analysis is used to determine the aggregate mix proportion of asphalt mixture.

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Civil Engineering

779 viewsedited 16:54

Civil Engineering

2- How do you know the tested material for subbase layer is ok? how do you know in which size we have a shortage? or in which size we have over or under size?

Ans: sieve analysis should be carried out for granular material in order to determine the percent of passing for each size fraction relevant to the standard table, the result compared with the standard table in order to determine the grade of material from A to D. The shortage of each size can be clearly specified by comparing the percent passing with the range of standard table, if the percent passing is more than the range of the standard table this is mean the material have a shortage in that size. The oversized mean the diameter of the material is larger than the standard size, and undersize is mean the material diameter is smaller than the standard size mentioned in the standard table, if the percent of passing of material at specified sieve size larger than the percent of passing of standard table, the phenomena is the oversize and vice versa for the undersize.

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Civil Engineering

781 viewsedited 07:12

Civil Engineering

Recent Building Technologies
👉 Business Intelligence( BI)
The construction industry collects lots of data. But do contractors analyze that data to make intelligent decisions about their projects and overall business strategy? Business Intelligence in construction is is the gathering of data largely produced through construction management and project management software and sorting and analyzing it to make intelligent business decisions. Identifying areas where increased project efficiencies and productivity can be achieved; the ability to more accurately bid and scale for future projects; spotting consistent problems on projects and developing strategies to solve them are some of the many benefits of BI.

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708 viewsedited 18:08

Civil Engineering

3- is it possible to shake you sieve set for only 10 minutes?

Ans: Yes, it's possible. The shaking time for most aggregate sample is 10 minutes, the shaking time should be checked after the test, if the shaking time prior the test is not enough, the test should be repeated.

Civil Engineering

733 views18:14

Civil Engineering

Dams- from Ancient to today
👉 Jawa Dam

The first known dam to be built is the Jawa Dam. Located in modern-day Jordan, the Jawa Dam was originally constructed around 3,000 BC in what was then Mesopotamia. While most ancient dams were simple gravity dams constructed of gravel and masonry, the Jawa Dam was reinforced with rock fill behind the upstream wall in order to protect the wall from water pressure breach. This safety feature was incredibly innovative for this time period. In its prime, the Jawa Dam was 15 feet tall, 80 feet long, with a base of 15 feet. It created the Jawa Reservoir that had a capacity of 1.1 million cubic feet. The Jawa Dam site is arguably the most important archaeological site in the history of large-scale water projects, and the dam itself was so well designed and constructed that the ancient structure stood until just a few years ago, when it was partially ruined due to physical intervention.
#dams

738 viewsedited 11:02

Civil Engineering

4- How do you choose your sieve trails for the whole test sample? why we can not sieve the whole sample?

Ans: The trail size should be based on the suitable size which prevent the overloading phenomena, the large amount of sample size can not be tested in one operation because overload may occur on some specific sieves especially smaller sieves.

Civil Engineering

697 views16:59

Civil Engineering

5- What does overloading mean? what is the maximum permissible rate according to ASTM standards? is it depend on mesh area?

Ans: Overloading mean the sieve contain more than the permitted amount of retained material which cause the sampler particle does not get any chance to have a contact with the sieve mesh. The standard permitted retained mass on each sieve according to ASTM should not more than 7 kg per m.sq of sieve mesh.

Civil Engineering

698 views17:00

Civil Engineering

6- Why you can not randomly prepare the test sample? do you know better methods to prepare you test size?

Ans: the aggregate samples for. Laboratory specimens should be prepared by mechanical splitters or other methods for reducing field samples to testing size in order to avoid segregation.
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Civil Engineering

659 viewsedited 03:04

Civil Engineering

7- What does mean the segregation? when you have a segregated sample? how do you avoid them?

Ans: Segregation means the larger and smaller particle of aggregate separate from each other for particular mixing and testing tasks. The segregation occurred for the specific amount of sample separated from the larger amount of sample by hand or other means. To avoid segregation the specific amount of sample for testing amount should be produced by mechanical splitters

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Civil Engineering

692 views03:07

Civil Engineering

የፕሮጀክት አስተዳዳሪዎች ምን ያደርጋሉ? 8 ቁልፍ ሚናዎች እና ኃላፊነቶች

1. እንቅስቃሴ እና ሀብት ዕቅድ

እቅድ የፕሮጀክት ቀነ-ገደቦችን ለማሟላት አስፈላጊ ነው ፣ እና ብዙ ፕሮጄክቶች በጥሩ ዕቅድ ምክንያት ይሳካል። በመጀመሪያ እና ከሁሉም በላይ ፣ ጥሩ የፕሮጀክት አስተዳዳሪዎች የፕሮጀክቱን ወሰን ይገልፃሉ እናም የሚገኙትን ሀብቶች ይወስናሉ ፡፡ ጥሩ የፕሮጀክት አስተዳዳሪዎች እንዴት የቡድን ወይም የቡድን አቅሞችን በእውነተኛ ጊዜ ማዋቀር እና መገምገም እንደሚችሉ ያውቃሉ ፡፡

ከዚያ ፕሮጀክቱን ለማስፈፀም እና እድገቱን ለመቆጣጠር ግልፅ እና እጥር ምጥን ዕቅድ ይፈጥራሉ ፡፡ ፕሮጀክቶች በተፈጥሮ ሊተነበዩ የማይችሉ ናቸው ፣ ስለሆነም ጥሩ የፕሮጀክት አስተዳዳሪዎች ፕሮጀክቱ የመጨረሻ ደረጃ ላይ ከመድረሱ በፊት አስፈላጊ ሆኖ ሲገኝ ማስተካከያዎችን እንዴት እንደሚያደርጉ ያውቃሉ ፡፡

2. የፕሮጀክት ቡድን ማደራጀት እና ማነሳሳት

ጥሩ የፕሮጀክት አስተዳዳሪዎች ቡድኖቻቸው በዝርዝር የተመን ሉህዎች ፣ ረጅም ማጣቀሻዎች እና በነጭ ሰሌዳዎች እንዲታሰሩ አያደርጉም። ይልቁንም ቡድኖቻቸውን የፊት እና የመሃል ላይ አደረጉ ፡፡ ቡድኖቻቸውን ሙሉ አቅማቸውን ለማሳካት ግልጽ እና ቀጥተኛ ዕቅዶችን ያዳብራሉ ፡፡ ቢሮክራሲን በመቁጠር ቡድኖቻቸውን ወደ የመጨረሻ ግብ ለመምራት ግልፅ መንገድን ይመራሉ ፡፡

3. የጊዜ አያያዝን መቆጣጠር

ደንበኞች ብዙውን ጊዜ የፕሮጀክቱን ስኬት ወይም ውድቀት በሰዓቱ ማድረሱ ላይ ይፈርዳሉ። ስለዚህ የስምምነት ቀኖችን መገናኘት ድርድር የሚደረግ አይደለም ፡፡ ጥሩ የፕሮጀክት አስተዳዳሪዎች ተጨባጭ ቀነ-ገደቦችን እንዴት ማቀናጀት እንዳለባቸው እና እንዴት ለቡድኖቻቸው በተከታታይ እንዴት መገናኘት እንደሚችሉ ያውቃሉ ፡፡

የሚከተሉትን ውጤታማ በሆነ መንገድ እንዴት ማድረግ እንደሚችሉ ያውቃሉ-

እንቅስቃሴን ይግለጹ
ቅደም ተከተል እንቅስቃሴ
የእንቅስቃሴውን ቆይታ ይገምቱ
መርሐግብር ያዘጋጁ
የጊዜ ሰሌዳ ይኑርህ
4. ወጪ መገመት እና በጀቱን ማጎልበት

ጥሩ የፕሮጀክት አስተዳዳሪዎች አንድን በጀት በተያዘለት በጀት ውስጥ አንድ ፕሮጀክት እንዴት ማቆየት እንደሚችሉ ያውቃሉ ፡፡ ምንም እንኳን አንድ ፕሮጀክት የደንበኞቹን ፍላጎቶች የሚያሟላ እና በሰዓቱ ቢቀርብለት እንኳን ከበጀት በላይ ቢወጣ አሁንም ውድቀት ይሆናል። ጥሩ የፕሮጀክት አስተዳዳሪዎች ብዙ ጊዜ በጀቱን ይገመግማሉ እና ግዙፍ የበጀት አጠቃቀምን ለማስወገድ አስቀድሞ ያቅዱ ፡፡

5. የደንበኞችን እርካታ ማረጋገጥ

በመጨረሻ አንድ ፕሮጀክት ስኬት የሚሆነው ደንበኛው ደስተኛ ከሆነ ብቻ ነው ፡፡ የእያንዳንዱ የፕሮጀክት ሥራ አስኪያጅ ቁልፍ ከሆኑት ኃላፊነቶች አንዱ እርግጠኛ አለመሆንን ለመቀነስ ፣ ማንኛውንም አላስፈላጊ የሆኑ ድንገተኛ ነገሮችን በማስወገድ እና በተቻለ መጠን ደንበኞቻቸውን በፕሮጀክቱ ውስጥ ማሳት ነው ፡፡ ጥሩ የፕሮጀክት አስተዳዳሪዎች ውጤታማ የሆነ ግንኙነትን እንዴት ጠብቆ ማቆየት እና የኩባንያውን ደንበኞች ወቅታዊ ማድረጉን እንዴት ያውቃሉ።

6. የፕሮጄክት ስጋት ትንተና እና ቁጥጥር

ፕሮጀክቱ ትልቅ ከሆነ ፣ የመነሻ ዕቅዱ አካል ያልሆነ መሰናክሎች እና መሰናክሎች የመፍጠር እድሉ ሰፊ ነው። Hiccups መከሰት የማይቀር ነው ፣ ግን ጥሩ የፕሮጀክት አስተዳዳሪዎች ፕሮጀክቱ ከመጀመሩ በፊት እንዴት በጥንቃቄ እና በጥልቀት እንደሚረዳ ፣ እንዴት ሊከሰቱ የሚችሉ ስጋቶችን ለይቶ እንደሚገመግሙ ያውቃሉ ፡፡ ከዛ አደጋዎችን እንዴት ማስወገድ ወይም ቢያንስ የእነሱን ተፅእኖ ለመቀነስ እንደሚችሉ ያውቃሉ ፡፡

7. መሻሻል መከታተል

በመነሻ ደረጃዎች ውስጥ የፕሮጀክት ሥራ አስኪያጆች እና ቡድኖቻቸው የተፈለገውን ውጤት የማስገኘት ግልፅ ራዕይ እና ከፍተኛ ተስፋ አላቸው ፡፡ ሆኖም ፣ ወደ ማጠናቀቂያው መስመር የሚወስደው መንገድ በጭራሽ በጭራሽ በጭራሽ አይደለም ፡፡ ነገሮች በእቅዱ መሠረት የማይሄዱ ከሆነ የፕሮጀክት ሥራ አስኪያጅ ሁለቱንም ወጭዎች እና የቡድን አፈፃፀም መከታተል እና መተንተን እና ሁል ጊዜም የማስተካከያ እርምጃዎችን መውሰድ አለበት።

8. ሪፖርቶችን እና አስፈላጊ ሰነዶችን ማስተዳደር

በመጨረሻም ፣ ልምድ ያላቸው የፕሮጀክት አስተዳዳሪዎች የመጨረሻ ዘገባዎች እና ትክክለኛ ሰነዶች ምን ያህል አስፈላጊ እንደሆኑ ያውቃሉ። ጥሩ የፕሮጀክት አስተዳዳሪዎች ሁሉም የፕሮጄክት መስፈርቶች ተሟልተዋል እንዲሁም የፕሮጀክቶቹ ታሪክ ፣ ምን እንደተደረገ ፣ ማን እንደተሳተፈ እና ለወደፊቱ በተሻለ ምን ሊከናወን እንደሚችል ጨምሮ አጠቃላይ ሪፖርቶችን ማቅረብ ይችላሉ ፡፡ .
⚡አሁኑኑ Join በማረግ እና ለጓደኛዎ እና ለሚያቁት ሁሉ ሼር ያድርጉ።👇👇👇https://t.me/engineer03

Civil Engineering

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