CAUSES OF CRACKS IN CONCRETE YOU SHOULD KNOW


Cracking is one of the most common problems in concrete
and it
should be avoided seriously. Different causes of cracks in
concrete
are described below:
1. SHRINKAGE:
Shrinkage is one of the major causes of cracking in hardened
concrete. In drying shrinkage, the volume of concrete is
gradually
decreased and if the component is restrained against free
movement,
tensile stresses are developed which causes cracks.
2. TEMPERATURE CHANGES:
The temperature variation in concrete results in the
differential
volume change. When the tensile strain capacity of concrete
exceeds
due to the differential volume change, it will crack.
3. CHEMICAL REACTION:
Due to the alkaline nature of cement, it reacts with the carbon
dioxide
(CO2) present in the atmosphere resulting in an appreciable
increase
in the volume of the materials which finally leads to cracking.
4. POOR CONSTRUCTION PRACTICES:
Poor construction practices such as adding excessive water to
the
mix, lack of curing, poor compaction, using low-grade
materials,
unreasonable placements of construction joints etc. are also
responsible for cracking in concrete.
5. ERRORS IN DESIGN & DETAILING:
Errors in design and detailing such as an inadequate amount
of
reinforcement, improper design of foundation, precast
members and
slabs, improper selection of materials, lack of sufficient
contraction
joints etc may result in excessive cracking.
6. CONSTRUCTION OVERLOADS & EARLY FORMWORK
REMOVAL:
The load induced in the structure during construction can also
lead to
cracking especially at the younger stage when the formwork is
removed earlier.
7. ELASTIC DEFORMATION AND CREEP:
The different components of the building such as wall,
column, beam.
slab etc undergo elastic deformation when loaded. The
deformation of
concrete depends on the type of building materials used in the
construction such as bricks, cement concrete blocks etc. This
unusual deformation of concrete results in cracking.
8. CORROSION OF CONCRETE:
The corrosion of steel develops a huge amount of iron oxides
and
hydroxide that have a much greater volume than the volume of
metallic iron.
.
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