Borders/Boundary Lines

• Macmahon Line - India & China

• Line of Actual Control (LAC) - India & China

• Line of Control (LOC) - India & Pakistan

• Radcliffe Line - India & Pakistan

• Durand Line - Afghanistan & Pakistan

• Palk Strait - India & Sri Lanka

• Maginot Line - Germany & France

• Oder Neisse Line - Germany & Poland

• Hindenburg Line - Germany & Poland

• 17th Parallel - N.Vietnam & S.Vietnam

• 38th Parallel - N.Korea & S.Korea

• 49th Parallel - USA & Canada

UNION BUDGET 2025-26

Important One Liners

• Government to launch a 6-year “Mission for Aatmanirbharta in Pulses” with focus on Tur, Urad and Masoor. NAFED and NCCF to procure these pulses from farmers during the next 4 years.

• A Makhana Board to be established in Bihar to improve production, processing, value addition, and marketing of makhana.

• The loan limit under the Modified Interest Subvention Scheme to be enhanced from ₹3 lakh to ₹5 lakh for loans taken through the KCC.

• A plant with annual capacity of 12.7 lakh metric tons to be set up at Namrup, Assam.

• Customized Credit Cards with ₹5 lakh limit for micro enterprises registered on Udyam portal, 10 lakh cards to be issued in the First year.

• A new scheme for 5 lakh women, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes first-time entrepreneurs to provide term-loans upto ₹ 2 crore in the next 5 years announced.

• A National Institute of Food Technology, Entrepreneurship and Management to be set up in Bihar.

• Bharatiya Bhasha Pustak Scheme announced to provide digital-form Indian language books for school and higher education.

• Greenfield airports announced in Bihar, in addition to the expansion of the capacity of Patna airport and a brownfield airport at Bihta.

• The FDI limit for the insurance sector to be raised from 74 to 100 per cent, for those companies which invest the entire premium in India.

• No personal income tax payable upto income of Rs 12 lakh (i.e. average income of Rs 1 lakh per month other than special rate income such as capital gains) under the new regime.

• This limit will be Rs 12.75 lakh for salaried tax payers, due to standard deduction of Rs 75,000.

• The limit for tax deduction on interest for senior citizens doubled from the present Rs 50,000 to Rs 1 lakh.

• The annual limit of Rs 2.40 lakh for TDS on rent increased to Rs 6 lakh.

Chemical Name & Formula

Baking Powder - Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3)
Blue Vitriol - Copper Sulphate (CuSO4.5H20)
Bleaching Powder - Calcium Hypochlorite (CaOCl2)
Caustic Potash - Potassium Hydroxide (KOH)
Caustic Soda - Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)
Chalk - Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)
Chloroform - Trichloromethane (CHCL3)
Dry Ice - Solid Carbondioxide (CO2)
Epsum - Magnesium Sulphate (MgSO4.7H2O)
Green Vitriol - Ferrous Sulphate (FeSO4.7H2O)
Gypsum - Calcium Sulphate (CaSO4.2H2O)
Laughing Gas - Nitrous Oxide (N2O)
Magnesia - Magnesium Oxide (MgO)
Milk of Magnesia - Magnesium Hydroxide (Mg(OH)2)
Marsh Gas - Methane (CH4)
Mohr's Salt - Ferrous Ammonium Sulphate ((NH4)2SO4.FeSO4.6H2O)
Muriatic Acid - Hydrogen Chloride (HCl)
Plaster of Paris - Calcium Sulphate Hemihydrate (CaSO4.½H2O)
Quicklime - Calcium Oxide (CaO)
Rock Salt - Sodium Chloride (NaCl)
Sand - Silicon dioxide (SiO2)
Salt Petre - Sodium Nitrate (NaNO3)
Slaked Lime - Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
Soda Ash - Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3)
Vinegar - Acetic Acid (CH2COOH)
Washing Soda - Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3.10H2O)
White Vitriol - Zinc Sulphate (ZnSO4.7H2O)

Given below are some idioms/phrases followed by four alternative meanings to each. Choose the response (a), (b), (c) or (d) which is the most appropriate expression and mark your response in the Answer Sheet accordingly.

Heath Robinson

1. Very complicated system or machine for doing a simple task

2. Treating everyone as enemy, when they are not

3. Sleeping all day, doing nothing

4. Very lazy person, slow in action

Select the correct idiom that can substitute the highlighted group of words in the given sentence.

You must not participate in the marathon this year without any training. It is an (unreal hope) on your part!

1. carrying coal to new castle

2. a pipe dream

3. a will-o’-the-wisp

4. to lose one’s temper

In the following question, some part of the sentence may have errors. Find out which part of the sentence has an error and select the appropriate option. If a sentence is free from error, select 'No Error'.

We realize that we are all in this together and (1)/ that pollution anywhere should be a global concern otherwise (2)/ there will only be more tunnels in the end of the tunnel. (3)/ No error (4)

A. 1

B. 2

C. 3

D. 4

In the following question, one part of the sentence may have an error. Find out which part of the sentence has an error and click the option corresponding to it. If the sentence is free from error, click the 'No error' option.

At midnight the commander (1)/ went through inspecting (2)/ the base camp. (3)/ No error (4)

A. 1

B. 2

C. 3

D. 4

In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the alternative which is the best substitute of the phrase.

Study related to hair or scalp

1. Philophobia

2. Trichology

3. Demosophy

4. Palaeontology

In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the alternative which is the best substitute of the given phrase.

Hairpiece covering the head and made of real or synthetic hair.

1. Cyanide

2. Wig

3. Asafoetida

4. Feline