🍁04.09.2020 Friday🍁
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1. DYNAMIC (ADJECTIVE): (ऊर्जस्वी): energetic
Synonyms: spirited, activee
Antonyms: half-hearted
Example Sentence: He is only a dynamic young advertising executive.

2. INTERFERE (VERB): (दखल देना): impede
Synonyms: obstruct, stand in the way of
Antonyms: allow
Example Sentence: A holiday job would interfere with his studies.

3. DECLINE (VERB): (पतन होना): reduce
Synonyms: decrease, lessen
Antonyms: increase
Example Sentence: A serious decline in bird numbers is a worrisome situation.

4. POSE (NOUN): (दिखावा करना): pretence
Synonyms: act, affectation
Antonyms: reality
Example Sentence: The man decided to drop his pose of unnecessary friendliness.

5. AMIABILITY (NOUN): (सुशीलता): friendliness
Synonyms: affability, warmth
Antonyms: unfriendliness
Example Sentence: His good-natured amiability captures everyone’s attention.

6. OWE (VERB): (कर्ज़दार होना): be in debt
Synonyms: be indebted, be in arrears
Antonyms: settle up
Example Sentence: They have denied they owe money to the company.

7. DISCHARGE (VERB): (मुक्त करना): pour
Synonyms: release, eject
Antonyms: absorb
Example Sentence: Industrial plants discharge highly toxic materials into rivers.

8. STANDSTILL (NOUN): (ठहराव): halt
Synonyms: stop, stand
Antonyms: motion
Example Sentence: The traffic came to a standstill.

9. FLAWED (ADJECTIVE): (त्रुटिपूर्ण): unsound
Synonyms: defective, faulty
Antonyms: sound
Example Sentence: It was a fatally flawed strategy.

10. TERROR (NOUN): (भय): dread
Synonyms: horror fright
Antonyms: calmness
Example Sentence: People fled in terror.
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SV RAMANUJ

🍄Hear and listen 23🍄
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The words hear and listen are often confused. To listen to something is to pay attention to sounds that are going on. Remember that you can hear something without wanting to, but listening requires you to make a deliberate effort.

1. Suddenly, I ……………… a loud thud.
a) heard
b) listened

2. Please ………………… to what I am going to say.
a) hear
b) listen

3. I ……………….. that James is quitting his job.
a) listen
b) hear

4. Can you talk a bit louder? I can’t ……………….. you.
a) hear
b) listen to

5. You never ………………….. me.
a) hear
b) listen to

6. Can you ……………….. me?
a) hear
b) listen

7. I didn’t hear the doorbell because I was …………………. to the radio.
a) listening
b) hearing

8. I can ……………….. somebody coming.
a) hear
b) listen to

9. We …………………. the bomb explode.
a) heard
b) listened to
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🟢Answers🟢

1. Suddenly, I heard a loud thud.
2. Please listen to what I am going to say.
3. I hear that James is quitting his job.
4. Can you talk a bit louder? I can’t hear you.
5. You never listen to me.

6. Can you hear me?
7. I didn’t hear the doorbell because I was listening to the radio.
8. I can hear somebody coming.
9. We heard the bomb explode.
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SV RAMANUJ

🍄Common idiomatic expressions 24🍄
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Some common idioms and their meanings are given below with example sentences.

*️⃣Pay homage
To pay homage is to show respect.
Thousands of people paid homage to their favorite leader.

*️⃣Metamorphosis
Metamorphosis is the changes in form.
These pictures show the metamorphosis in the life of a butterfly.

*️⃣Settle a score
To settle a score is to take revenge on somebody.
He is waiting for an opportunity to settle scores with his former business partner.

*️⃣Up to scratch
If something is up to scratch, it is satisfactory.

*️⃣From scratch
To build something from scratch is to build it from the very beginning.
He built a business empire from scratch.

*️⃣Screw someone up
To screw someone up is to make them emotionally disturbed.
Her tragic story screwed me up.

*️⃣Screw something up
To screw something up is to make something go wrong.

*️⃣Put someone in the shade
To put someone in the shade is to be better or more impressive than them.

*️⃣Shake something up
To shake something up is to make major changes to it.

*️⃣Like sheep
This is an expression used to refer to people who are easily led or influenced.

*️⃣Come out of your shell
To come out of your shell is to stop being shy.

*️⃣Take a shine to
When you take a shine to something, you develop a liking for it.

*️⃣Take the shine off
To take the shine off something is to make it less attractive or good.

*️⃣Put yourself in someone else’s shoes
To put yourself in someone else’s shoes is to imagine yourself in their situation.
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SV RAMANUJ

✴️Difference between below and under --59✴️
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👉🏻Both below and under can mean ‘lower than’.
🔹The knives are in the cupboard under the sink. OR The knives are in the cupboard below the sink.

👉🏻Below is preferred when one thing is not directly under another.
🔹The sun disappeared below the horizon. (NOT The sun disappeared under the horizon.)
🔹The climbers stopped several hundred meters below the top of the mountain.

👉🏻Under is preferred when something is covered by what is over it.
🔹He was wearing a blue shirt under his sweater.
🔹The cat is under the bed.
🔹The whole village was under water.

👉🏻In measurements of temperature and height we use below.
🔹The temperature is five degrees below zero.
🔹Parts of the city are below sea level.

👉🏻To mean ‘less than’ or ‘younger than’ we use under.
🔹There were under ten students in the class. (NOT There were below ten students in the class.)
🔹You can’t get a driving license if you are under 18. (NOT You can’t get a driving license if you are below 18.)

🔎Notes
There is a similar difference between above and over. Above is used in measurements of temperature and height.
Over is used to express ideas such as ‘older than’ and ‘more than’.
🔹You have to be over 18 to see that film.
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SV RAMANUJ

TEN WORDS OF THE DAY
🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋
lineal - In a straight unbroken line of descent from parent to child.
Synonyms: direct
Usage: Du Bois, the present librarian of Ardis, is a lineal descendant of this revolutionary pair.

nuptial - Of or relating to a wedding.
Synonyms: bridal, spousal
Usage: My fiancé was less than thrilled when I suggested that we write our own nuptial vows.

so-called - Doubtful or suspect.
Synonyms: alleged, supposed
Usage: The so-called master detective tripped over the murder weapon just as he was declaring the case insolvable.

well-timed - Done or happening at the appropriate or proper time.
Synonyms: seasonable, timely
Usage: When there were quarrels, his kindly smile and well-timed jests reconciled the antagonists.

highfalutin - Affectedly genteel.
Synonyms: hoity-toity, la-di-da, grandiose
Usage: I'm glad you didn't load him down with some highfalutin, romantic name that he'd be ashamed of when he gets to be a grandfather.


guile - Treacherous cunning; skillful deceit.
Antonyms: honesty, sincerity, candour, frankness, truthfulness
Usage: Her mild eyes seemed incapable of any severity or guile, and yet she has committed a murder.

romanticist - an artist of the Romantic Movement or someone influenced by Romanticism
Antonyms: classicist

inutility - the quality of having no practical use
Antonyms: usefulness

sunrise - the first light of day
Antonyms: sundown, sunset

ending - event whose occurrence ends something; "his death marked the ending of an era"
Antonyms: beginning
🔰🔰🔰🔰🔰🔰🔰🔰🔰
SV RAMANUJ

🌸The least and the fewest-- 66🌸
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🟢The least
The least is used before uncountable nouns. It is the superlative of little.
🔹He does the least work in this office.

👉🏻The least can be used without a noun if the meaning is clear from the context.
🔹Jiya does the most work in this office. Jignesh does the least.

👉🏻The expression ‘least of’ can be used before plural abstract nouns.
🔹‘She will be really upset when she hears about this.’ ‘That’s the least of my worries.’

👉🏻In questions and negative clauses, the least can be used with the meaning ‘any…at all’ before singular abstract nouns.
🔹‘What’s the time?’ ‘I haven’t got the least idea.’
🔹I’m not the least bit afraid of dogs.

🔵The fewest
The fewest is the superlative form of few.
🔹The essay with the fewest grammatical mistakes isn’t always the best.

👉🏻The least can be used before adjectives. It is the opposite of the most.
🔹The least expensive picnics are often the most enjoyable.
🔹The most expensive things aren’t always the best.

🟣At least
At least means ‘not less than’.
🔹She is at least forty years old. (= She is not less than but more than forty years old.)
🔹He interviewed at least four times this month.
🔹I have seen that film at least ten times.
🔹Swati has been in love at least six times.

🟤Not in the least
Not in the least means ‘not at all’. It is used in a formal style.
🔹I was not in the least impressed by her manners. (= I was not at all impressed by her manners.)
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SV RAMANUJ

🌸Idioms exercise -- 6🌸
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Every sentence given below contains an idiom/phrase. From the given options you have to select the sentence or phrase which best expresses the meaning of this idiom/phrase.

1. He told me that my remarks were beside the mark.

(a) My remarks were true.
(b) My remarks were untrue.
(c) My remarks were relevant.
(d) My remarks were irrelevant.

2. The two brothers fell afoul of each other over a silly matter.

(a) They got into trouble with each other
(b) They resolved their differences
(c) They congratulated each other
(d) They supported each other

3. Now that she has found a good job, she can keep the wolf from the door.

(a) She no longer has to live in poverty.
(b) She is able to lead a luxurious life.
(c) Her social standing has improved considerably.
(d) She has become very proud of her accomplishments

4. The whole time she was with me, she kept me on tenterhooks.

(a) She constantly troubled me.
(b) She was very obedient.
(c) She was very adamant.
(d) She was very nice to me.

5. Hitler led his party men by the nose.

(a) He led them authoritatively.
(b) He led them kindly.
(c) He treated them leniently.
(d) None of these
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🟢Answers🟢

1. (c) My remarks were relevant
2. (a) They got into trouble with each other
3. (a) She no longer has to live in poverty
4. (a) She constantly troubled me
5. (a) He led them authoritatively
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SV RAMANUJ

🌸Common similes -- 7🌸
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👉🏻A simile is a figure of speech in which one thing is compared with another things. Here are some common similes in English.

🔭As crooked as a dog’s hind leg
If somebody is as crooked as a dog’s hind leg, they are dishonest.
No one will trust you if you are as crooked as a dog’s hind leg.

🔭As fat as a pig
If somebody is as fat as a pig, they are very fat.
I must start dieting. I am as fat as a pig.

🔭As gentle as a lamb
If somebody is as gentle as a lamb, they are very gentle.
The boy is as gentle as a lamb when his parents are around.

🔭As gruff as a bear
If somebody is as gruff as a bear, they are very unsociable.
The lady next door is as gruff as a bear. She never invites people to her home.

🔭As hungry as a bear
When you are as hungry as a bear, you are very hungry.
The boy was as hungry as a bear when he got home from school.

🔭As innocent as a lamb
If someone is as innocent as a lamb, they are very innocent or naive.
Everybody loves Julie. She is as innocent as a lamb.

🔭As meek as a lamb
If somebody is as meek as a lamb, they are very quiet or docile.
As a teenager Frieda was as meek as a lamb. I still can’t believe that she has become an aggressive business woman.

🔭As nervous as a cat
If somebody is as nervous as a cat, they are very nervous.
She was as nervous as a cat during the interview.
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SV RAMANUJ

🌸Expressions with 'set' -- 8🌸
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Here is a list of phrasal verbs with set. Each expression is followed by its meaning. Example sentences are also given.

🪔Set about
To set about something is to start doing something with determination.
He immediately set about organizing the program.

🪔Set someone apart
If a particular quality sets you apart, it makes you seem superior.
Quality is what sets our products apart.

🪔Set something aside
To set something aside is to annul a legal decision.
The high court set aside the ruling of the lower court.

🪔Set in
If something sets in, it begins and seems likely to continue.
Monsoon has set in.
Cold weather has set in.

🪔Set off / set out
To set off or set out is to begin a journey.
We set off in the morning.

🪔Set something off
To set something off is to cause an alarm or a bomb to go off.

🪔Set something forth
To set something forth is to describe it in writing or speech.
In his speech on terrorism, he set forth his views at length.

Set on
🪔To set on is to attack violently.
The robbers set on the helpless travelers.

🪔Set up
To set up is to establish a business or other organization.
I am raising money to set up a business.
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SV RAMANUJ

Drive someone up the hill

To drive someone up the hill is to make them very irritated.
His rude replies drove his mother up the hill.

🌸Idioms – W -- 9🌸
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Idiomatic expressions formed from words beginning with W.

💡In the wake of
Following as a result of
In the wake of the recent terror attacks in the city, police have beefed up security.

💡Walk off with something
To walk off with something is to win it or steal it.
He walked off with the first prize.

💡Go to the wall
When a business goes to the wall, it fails.

💡Be on the warpath
When two people are on the warpath, they are very angry with one another.

💡Ward something off
To ward something off is to prevent something from harming you.
Eat lots of vegetables and fruits to ward off illnesses.

💡Be washed out
When an event is washed out, it is postponed or cancelled because of the rain.
The third test cricket match was washed out.

💡Wash your hands of
When you wash your hands of, you take no further responsibility for something.

💡Watch your back
To watch your back is to protect yourself against unexpected danger.

💡Water something down
To water something down is to make it less forceful by changing or leaving out things.

💡Hold water
When a theory or a belief holds water, it seems possible or reasonable.
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SV RAMANUJ

🌸Common idioms in English -- H -- 10🌸
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Here are some idiomatic expressions with H.

🧭Hot under the collar
When you are hot under the collar, you are angry or annoyed.
Bipin behaved as if he was hot under the collar.

🧭In hot water
When you are in hot water, you are in trouble.
His support for divisive politics landed him in hot water.

🧭Get on like a house on fire
When two people get on like a house on fire, they enjoy a very good relationship.
Maya and her sister-in-law get on like a house on fire.

🧭Put your house in order
To put your house in order is to make necessary reforms.
Before telling me how I should raise my children, she should really put her house in order.

🧭Eat humble pie
To eat humble pie is to make a humble apology.
Ketan kept boasting that he would beat me in the dual but in the end he had to eat humble pie.

🧭Out of humor
When somebody is out of humor, they are in a bad mood.
I left him alone because he was out of humor.

🧭Get the hump
To get the hump is to become annoyed.
I don’t enjoy the company of Martin. He gets the hump easily.

🧭Hunt someone down
To hunt someone down is to chase and capture them.
Vikas was hunted down by the police.
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SV RAMANUJ

🌸Year in, year out🌸
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🟢Meaning

If something has happened year in, year out, it's happened every year for many years in a row.

🔵For example

🔸Our family gets together year in, year out at Christmas time.

🔸Let's go somewhere new. We've been going to the same old places year in, year out since we were married.

#idioms

🌸Collocations beginning with 'Q'🌸
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🔺quality of life-
the level of personal satisfaction, happiness and health in somebody's life

🔺quick fix-
a solution to a problem that can be quickly or cheaply implemented, but may not be a good or long-lasting solution

🔺quick reply-
a prompt or almost immediate reply to a letter or email

🔺quiet life-
a simple and peaceful way of living

🔺quiet night-
a night when you stay at home instead of going out

🔺quietly confident-
feeling confident, but not saying much about it

🔺quit a job-
to tell an employer you no longer want your job

🔺quit drinking-
to stop drinking alcohol

🔺quit smoking-
to stop smoking cigarettes

🔺quite a lot-
quite often, or quite a large amount

🔺quite agree-
agree completely

🔺quite enough-
as much as necessary

🔺quite good-
fairly good

🔺quite often-
fairly often

🔺quite right-
completely correct

🔺quite sure-
completely sure
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SV RAMANUJ

🌸Collocations beginning with 'P'🌸
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🔻pack a suitcase
to put clothes and other possessions into a suitcase

🔻pack of cards
a full set of playing cards

🔻painful memory
a memory that's upsetting or disturbing

🔻painful reminder
If something's a painful reminder, it reminds you of something you find upsetting or disturbing.

🔻painfully shy
extremely shy, or so shy that other people find it disturbing

🔻painfully slow
extremely slow, or so slow that people become impatient

🔻painfully thin
extremely thin, of a person or animal

🔻pair work
a type of learning activity in which two students work together

🔻part company (1)
to end a relationship or partnership

🔻part company (2)
to stop travelling or spending time together and go different ways

🔻pass (the) time
to do something to fill in time when you're bored or have nothing to do

🔻pass a law
to bring in a new law by voting in parliament or by decree

🔻pass a test
to not fail a test

🔻pay a bill
to pay the amount stated on a bill

🔻pay a visit
to visit someone or something

🔻pay attention
to watch closely or listen carefully to someone or something

🔻pay increase
an increase in the amount of money paid as a wage or salary

🔻peace and quiet
no noise or disturbance

🔻perfectly normal
not unusual at all

🔻personal belongings
personal possessions that belong to you

🔻phone rings
If your phone rings, it makes a noise to let you know someone's calling you.

🔻pick your nose
to use a finger to remove dried mucus from inside your nose

🔻piece of advice
a particular suggestion given as advice

🔻piece of equipment
one particular item used as equipment

🔻piece of information
a particular fact or item of information

🔻piece of music
any musical work, including musical compositions, traditional works, improvised music, pop songs, etc.

🔻piece of paper
one sheet or scrap of paper

🔻place an order
put in an order to buy something

🔻play a part
perform a particular role, or be involved in a particular way

🔻play music
to make music with an instrument, or to broadcast recorded music

🔻point of view
a particular perspective or way of seeing things

🔻political prisoner
someone who's imprisoned because of their political beliefs

🔻poor eyesight
not very good eyesight

🔻poor health
not very good health

🔻popular belief
an idea that most people believe is true

🔻pose a risk
to create risk of danger or harm

🔻pose a threat
create the threat of danger or harm

🔻press a key
to put a finger on a key on a keyboard and press down

🔻pretty good
quite good or fairly good

🔻pretty well
fairly well or reasonably well

🔻private life
aspects of someone's life that aren't related to work or other public roles

🔻public opinion
the opinions of the majority of people in a society

🔻pull a muscle
to injure a muscle by lifting something heavy or moving too quickly

🔻push a button
to press a button on a machine or an appliance

🔻put on weight
to become heavier or fatter, of a person or an animal

🔻put out a cigarette
to stop a cigarette from burning

🔻put out a fire
to stop a fire from burning

🔻put up prices
to increase prices

🔻put up wages
to increase wages

🔻put up your hand
to raise your arm if you want to say something, ask or answer a question, show you're present, etc.
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SV RAMANUJ

🚀It isn't rocket science🚀
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🟢Meaning

We use it to say that something is not too difficult to do or understand.

🔵For example

🔸Changing the oil can be messy, but it isn't rocket science.

#idioms