Production of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate in the presence of light energy or conversion of light energy to chemical energy
Anonymous Quiz
55%
Photophosphorylation
36%
Photolysis
0%
Photostnc
9%
None
Unstable nuclei has a proton-neutrom ratio greater than
Anonymous Quiz
68%
1.6
12%
8.8
12%
15.5
7%
6.0
A food chain is shown below
Grass โ Crickets โ Field mice โHawks
For the following food chain shown, which of the following changes would have the most severe consequences? Credit to:Mr. Avevor Kwasi Kplorm
Grass โ Crickets โ Field mice โHawks
For the following food chain shown, which of the following changes would have the most severe consequences? Credit to:Mr. Avevor Kwasi Kplorm
Anonymous Quiz
21%
a parasitic infestation that reduces the cricket population
19%
the introduction of a second predator that eats the field mice
13%
the poaching of predatory hawks by game hunters
46%
a drastic decrease in rainfall causing drought
โค1
๐ฆ๐๐๐๐ก๐๐ ๐๐๐
The heart is the central organ of the cardiovascular system, pumping blood through the pulmonary and systemic circulations. The heart beats (expands and contracts) 100,000 times per day, pumping 5 or 6 quarts of blood each minute, or about 2,000 gallonsโฆ
Interesting Facts About The Human Heart
1. Your heart can weigh between 7 and 15 ounces.
A manโs heart weighs, on average, around 10 ounces and a womanโs heart is around 8 ounces.
2. Newborn babies have the fastest heart beats.
A newbornโs heart rate is around 70 to 190 beats per minute. The average adult should have a resting heart rate between 60 and 100 beats per minute.
3. Your heart beats around 100,000 times a day.
The average, healthy human heart beats around 100,000 times per day to pump blood through your body.
4. Heart attacks happen most often on Monday mornings.
Stress hormones are higher in the mornings than at any other point during the day, and Mondays in particular seem to cause people more stress than other days of the week.
5. A โbroken heartโ can feel like a heart attack.
Intense and sudden feelings of sadness can mimic the symptoms of a heart attack, also known as "broken heart syndrome."
@edsciencelab
#GenesisScienceInitiative
1. Your heart can weigh between 7 and 15 ounces.
A manโs heart weighs, on average, around 10 ounces and a womanโs heart is around 8 ounces.
2. Newborn babies have the fastest heart beats.
A newbornโs heart rate is around 70 to 190 beats per minute. The average adult should have a resting heart rate between 60 and 100 beats per minute.
3. Your heart beats around 100,000 times a day.
The average, healthy human heart beats around 100,000 times per day to pump blood through your body.
4. Heart attacks happen most often on Monday mornings.
Stress hormones are higher in the mornings than at any other point during the day, and Mondays in particular seem to cause people more stress than other days of the week.
5. A โbroken heartโ can feel like a heart attack.
Intense and sudden feelings of sadness can mimic the symptoms of a heart attack, also known as "broken heart syndrome."
@edsciencelab
#GenesisScienceInitiative
Genesis Science Initiative | Faith Inspires Knowledge ๐ฅ๐ช
๐3
Heart diseases is an general term for any condition that affects the structure or function of the heart.
Heart disease types include:
โข Coronary artery disease: Fatty deposits make your heartโs blood vessels narrow.
โข Arrhythmias: Abnormal heart rhythms keep your heart from beating in a coordinated way.
โข Heart valve diseases: Valves that are too narrow or donโt close right reduce blood flow.
โข Cardiomyopathy: Stiff or thickened heart muscle canโt pump blood well.
โข Heart failure: Your heart canโt pump blood well enough to keep up with your bodyโs needs.
โข Congenital heart disease: Problems with how your heart formed before birth prevent normal blood flow.
โข Pericardial issues: A stiff or inflamed sac (pericardium) around your heart presses on your heart.
Causes of heart disease include:
โข Genetic issues
โข Infections, including those outside your heart
โข Aging
โข Use of addictive substances.etc.
@edsciencelab
#GenesisScienceInitiative
Heart disease types include:
โข Coronary artery disease: Fatty deposits make your heartโs blood vessels narrow.
โข Arrhythmias: Abnormal heart rhythms keep your heart from beating in a coordinated way.
โข Heart valve diseases: Valves that are too narrow or donโt close right reduce blood flow.
โข Cardiomyopathy: Stiff or thickened heart muscle canโt pump blood well.
โข Heart failure: Your heart canโt pump blood well enough to keep up with your bodyโs needs.
โข Congenital heart disease: Problems with how your heart formed before birth prevent normal blood flow.
โข Pericardial issues: A stiff or inflamed sac (pericardium) around your heart presses on your heart.
Causes of heart disease include:
โข Genetic issues
โข Infections, including those outside your heart
โข Aging
โข Use of addictive substances.etc.
@edsciencelab
#GenesisScienceInitiative
Genesis Science Initiative | Faith Inspires Knowledge ๐ฅ๐ช
โค1
Heart attack
A heart attack, also called a myocardial infarction; occurs when an artery that sends blood and oxygen to the heart is blocked. Fatty, cholesterol-containing deposits build up over time, forming plaques in the heart's arteries. If a plaque ruptures, a blood clot can form. The clot can block arteries, causing a heart attack.
During a heart attack, a lack of blood flow causes the tissue in the heart muscle to die. Prompt treatment is needed for a heart attack to prevent death.
Common heart attack symptoms include:
โข Chest pain that may feel like pressure, tightness, squeezing or aching.
โข Pain or discomfort that spreads to the shoulder, arm, neck, jaw, teeth or sometimes the upper belly.
โข Cold sweat
โข Heartburn
โข Lightheadedness or sudden dizziness
โข Nausea or Shortness of breath
Some heart attacks strike suddenly. But many people have warning signs and symptoms hours, days or weeks in advance.
@edsciencelab
#GenesisScienceInitiative
A heart attack, also called a myocardial infarction; occurs when an artery that sends blood and oxygen to the heart is blocked. Fatty, cholesterol-containing deposits build up over time, forming plaques in the heart's arteries. If a plaque ruptures, a blood clot can form. The clot can block arteries, causing a heart attack.
During a heart attack, a lack of blood flow causes the tissue in the heart muscle to die. Prompt treatment is needed for a heart attack to prevent death.
Common heart attack symptoms include:
โข Chest pain that may feel like pressure, tightness, squeezing or aching.
โข Pain or discomfort that spreads to the shoulder, arm, neck, jaw, teeth or sometimes the upper belly.
โข Cold sweat
โข Heartburn
โข Lightheadedness or sudden dizziness
โข Nausea or Shortness of breath
Some heart attacks strike suddenly. But many people have warning signs and symptoms hours, days or weeks in advance.
@edsciencelab
#GenesisScienceInitiative
Genesis Science Initiative | Faith Inspires Knowledge ๐ฅ๐ช
โค3
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The stomach contents are more acidic than those of the oesophagus. When the stomach contents pass upward into the oesophagus (acid reflux), the acidity begins to erode the lining of the oesophagus, producing the burning sensation associated with heartburn. Some people experience heartburn after eating a large meal that overfills their stomach. Women sometimes get heartburn during pregnancy when the developing foetus pushes the internal organs upward. Pressure applied to the abdominal wall because of obesity also causes heartburn
@edsciencelab ๐๐จโ๐ฌ
@edsciencelab ๐๐จโ๐ฌ
๐ฆ๐๐๐๐ก๐๐ ๐๐๐
The stomach contents are more acidic than those of the oesophagus. When the stomach contents pass upward into the oesophagus (acid reflux), the acidity begins to erode the lining of the oesophagus, producing the burning sensation associated with heartburn.โฆ
GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE (GERD)
๐ฉ๐ฝโ๐ซ Teacher: Drixel Dee
---
Definition ๐ฉบ
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a chronic digestive condition where stomach acid repeatedly flows back (refluxes) into the esophagus, causing irritation and inflammation of the esophageal lining.
This happens when the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) becomes weak or relaxes inappropriately ๐ชโฌ๏ธ.
---
Pathophysiology (How it happens) ๐
The LES normally acts like a valve between the stomach and esophagus
When it becomes weak or relaxed, stomach acid moves upward
Acid irritates the esophagus โ causes pain, burning, and damage
Repeated exposure can lead to inflammation, ulcers, or strictures
---
Causes / Risk Factors โ ๏ธ
Weak lower esophageal sphincter
Obesity ๐ง๐ฝโโ๏ธ
Pregnancy ๐คฐ
Smoking ๐ฌ
Alcohol ๐ท
Eating large or late meals ๐๐
Fatty, spicy, or acidic foods ๐ถ๏ธ๐
Hiatal hernia
---
Signs and Symptoms ๐ฅ
Common symptoms include:
Heartburn (burning chest pain) โค๏ธโ๐ฅ
Acid regurgitation (sour/bitter taste in mouth) ๐
Chest pain (non-cardiac)
Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
Chronic cough or sore throat ๐ท
Hoarseness of voice
Nausea ๐คข
---
Complications ๐จ
If untreated, GERD may lead to:
Esophagitis (inflammation of the esophagus)
Esophageal ulcers
Esophageal stricture (narrowing)
Barrettโs esophagus (precancerous condition) โ ๏ธ
---
Diagnosis ๐งช
GERD may be diagnosed using:
Patient history and symptoms
Upper GI endoscopy ๐ท
Esophageal pH monitoring
Barium swallow X-ray
---
Management / Treatment ๐
Lifestyle Modifications ๐ฅ
Eat small, frequent meals
Avoid spicy, fatty, and acidic foods
Do not lie down immediately after eating ๐โ
Elevate head of bed โฌ๏ธ
Lose weight if overweight
Stop smoking and alcohol
---
Medications ๐
Antacids (e.g., magnesium hydroxide)
Hโ receptor blockers (e.g., ranitidine)
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) like omeprazole ๐
---
Surgical Management (Severe cases) ๐ฅ
Fundoplication surgery to strengthen the LES
---
Nursing Role ๐ง๐ฝโโ๏ธ
Assess pain and symptoms regularly
Educate patient on diet and lifestyle changes ๐
Administer medications as prescribed
Encourage adherence to treatment
Monitor for complications
---
Conclusion โจ
GERD is a common but manageable condition. With proper lifestyle changes, medications, and patient education, symptoms can be controlled and complications prevented ๐.
---
๐ฉ๐ฝโ๐ซ Teacher: Drixel Dee
---
Definition ๐ฉบ
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a chronic digestive condition where stomach acid repeatedly flows back (refluxes) into the esophagus, causing irritation and inflammation of the esophageal lining.
This happens when the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) becomes weak or relaxes inappropriately ๐ชโฌ๏ธ.
---
Pathophysiology (How it happens) ๐
The LES normally acts like a valve between the stomach and esophagus
When it becomes weak or relaxed, stomach acid moves upward
Acid irritates the esophagus โ causes pain, burning, and damage
Repeated exposure can lead to inflammation, ulcers, or strictures
---
Causes / Risk Factors โ ๏ธ
Weak lower esophageal sphincter
Obesity ๐ง๐ฝโโ๏ธ
Pregnancy ๐คฐ
Smoking ๐ฌ
Alcohol ๐ท
Eating large or late meals ๐๐
Fatty, spicy, or acidic foods ๐ถ๏ธ๐
Hiatal hernia
---
Signs and Symptoms ๐ฅ
Common symptoms include:
Heartburn (burning chest pain) โค๏ธโ๐ฅ
Acid regurgitation (sour/bitter taste in mouth) ๐
Chest pain (non-cardiac)
Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
Chronic cough or sore throat ๐ท
Hoarseness of voice
Nausea ๐คข
---
Complications ๐จ
If untreated, GERD may lead to:
Esophagitis (inflammation of the esophagus)
Esophageal ulcers
Esophageal stricture (narrowing)
Barrettโs esophagus (precancerous condition) โ ๏ธ
---
Diagnosis ๐งช
GERD may be diagnosed using:
Patient history and symptoms
Upper GI endoscopy ๐ท
Esophageal pH monitoring
Barium swallow X-ray
---
Management / Treatment ๐
Lifestyle Modifications ๐ฅ
Eat small, frequent meals
Avoid spicy, fatty, and acidic foods
Do not lie down immediately after eating ๐โ
Elevate head of bed โฌ๏ธ
Lose weight if overweight
Stop smoking and alcohol
---
Medications ๐
Antacids (e.g., magnesium hydroxide)
Hโ receptor blockers (e.g., ranitidine)
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) like omeprazole ๐
---
Surgical Management (Severe cases) ๐ฅ
Fundoplication surgery to strengthen the LES
---
Nursing Role ๐ง๐ฝโโ๏ธ
Assess pain and symptoms regularly
Educate patient on diet and lifestyle changes ๐
Administer medications as prescribed
Encourage adherence to treatment
Monitor for complications
---
Conclusion โจ
GERD is a common but manageable condition. With proper lifestyle changes, medications, and patient education, symptoms can be controlled and complications prevented ๐.
---
โค1
โค2
๐ฆ๐๐๐๐ก๐๐ ๐๐๐
Which one will fall first when both are cut at the same time? ๐ค
Can you tell why you think your answer is right ?๐โบ๏ธ
๐ฆ๐๐๐๐ก๐๐ ๐๐๐
Which one will fall first when both are cut at the same time? ๐ค
Yeahh so those who chose Ball B are right ๐โ
Ball B is attached by a string, so when the string is cut, it immediately goes to freefall with an initial downward acceleration of gravity, but
Ball A is attached by a spring, which is stretched due to the weight of the ball. When the spring is cut, the spring force immediately pulls the ball upward, that will delay its downward acceleration relative to ball B.
Ball A is attached by a spring, which is stretched due to the weight of the ball. When the spring is cut, the spring force immediately pulls the ball upward, that will delay its downward acceleration relative to ball B.
๐2
๐ฆ๐๐๐๐ก๐๐ ๐๐๐
Heart attack A heart attack, also called a myocardial infarction; occurs when an artery that sends blood and oxygen to the heart is blocked. Fatty, cholesterol-containing deposits build up over time, forming plaques in the heart's arteries. If a plaque rupturesโฆ
Here are some myths and facts regarding heart attacks.
@edsciencelab
#GenesisScienceInitiative
@edsciencelab
#GenesisScienceInitiative
Genesis Science Initiative | Faith Inspires Knowledge ๐ฅ๐ช
๐ฆ๐๐๐๐ก๐๐ ๐๐๐
Here are some myths and facts regarding heart attacks. @edsciencelab #GenesisScienceInitiative Genesis Science Initiative | Faith Inspires Knowledge ๐ฅ๐ช
๐ฎโ๐จ๐ฅ
Please kindly share with someone. Thank you.
@edsciencelab
#GenesisScienceInitiative
Please kindly share with someone. Thank you.
@edsciencelab
#GenesisScienceInitiative
Genesis Science Initiative | Faith Inspires Knowledge ๐ฅ๐ช