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Tuesday: listening 🎶

Girls can grow even with limitations.

Daily conversations

Humanity 💯✅

Wednesday: speaking ( voice message about a specific topic)
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Topic: what does freedom means to you?

This Thursday: ( vocabulary)
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Material: Essential words for the TOEFL.
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The second half of Lesson number 8.

It was from yesterday 🤦‍♀
But due to not having internet connection right now I send it.
🙏

Saturday: Grammar
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Lesson: 19th
Past perfect continues tense.

The past perfect continuous tense is used to indicate that an action was ongoing in the past before another past action or time. It emphasizes the duration or continuity of an activity that was happening prior to a specific point in the past.

▎Structure:

The past perfect continuous tense is formed using:
• Subject + had been + present participle (verb + -ing)

▎Examples:

1. Affirmative:
   – She had been studying for three hours before the exam started.
2. Negative:
   – They had not been living in that city for long when they decided to move.
3. Interrogative:
   – Had you been working on the project before the deadline was extended?

▎Usage:

1. Duration Before Another Past Action:
   – It is often used to express how long an action had been happening before another action took place.
   – Example: He had been running for an hour when it started to rain.

2. Cause and Effect:
   – It can indicate a cause for a past situation.
   – Example: She was tired because she had been working all night.

3. Repeated Actions:
   – It can describe actions that were repeated over a period of time in the past.
   – Example: They had been visiting their grandparents every summer before they moved away.

▎Key Points:

• The past perfect continuous tense is particularly useful for highlighting the ongoing nature of an action and its relationship with another past event.
• It provides context about how long something was happening and can add depth to storytelling by showing the sequence of events.

▎Common Mistakes:

• Confusing it with the past perfect tense, which does not emphasize duration. For example, "She had studied" (past perfect) vs. "She had been studying" (past perfect continuous).
• Using it when the duration is not relevant; in such cases, the simple past or past perfect may be more appropriate.

▎Summary:

The past perfect continuous tense helps convey actions that were ongoing in the past and provides context regarding their duration and relationship to other past events. It is a useful tool for narrating events in a clear and detailed manner.

▎Questions and Answers

1. Question: What is the structure of the past perfect continuous tense?
   – Answer: The structure is: Subject + had been + present participle (verb + -ing). For example, "She had been reading."

2. Question: When do we use the past perfect continuous tense?
   – Answer: We use it to indicate that an action was ongoing in the past before another past action or time, often emphasizing the duration of that action.

3. Question: Can you give an example of a sentence in the past perfect continuous tense?
   – Answer: Sure! "They had been playing soccer for two hours before it started to rain."

4. Question: How do you form a negative sentence in the past perfect continuous tense?
   – Answer: You form it by adding "not" after "had." For example, "He had not been feeling well before the meeting."

5. Question: How do you ask a question in the past perfect continuous tense?
   – Answer: You invert the subject and "had." For example, "Had you been studying for the test before the teacher announced the extra credit?"

6. Question: What is the difference between "I had studied" and "I had been studying"?
   – Answer: "I had studied" (past perfect) indicates a completed action, while "I had been studying" (past perfect continuous) emphasizes the ongoing nature of the studying before another past event.

7. Question: Can you provide a sentence that shows cause and effect using the past perfect continuous tense?
   – Answer: Yes! "She was exhausted because she had been working overtime all week."

8. Question: Is it correct to use the past perfect continuous tense for actions that occurred only once?
   – Answer: No, it is generally used for actions that were ongoing or repeated over a period of time in the past. For a single completed action, the simple past or past perfect would be more appropriate.

9. Question: What is a common mistake when using the past perfect continuous tense?
   – Answer: A common mistake is using it when the duration of an action is not relevant, where simple past or past perfect would suffice. For example, saying "I had been finished my homework" instead of "I had finished my homework."

10. Question: Can you change this sentence to past perfect continuous: "She worked at the company for five years."
    ▪ Answer: The sentence in past perfect continuous would be: "She had been working at the company for five years before she left."

Sunday: Reading
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Material: Rich Dad Poor Dad
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Monday: Writing
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Lesson:  14th ( expository paragraphs)

Lesson 14th
Expository paragraphs

Expository paragraphs are a fundamental component of writing that aim to explain, inform, or describe a particular subject or idea. Here is a comprehensive overview of expository paragraphs, including their structure, characteristics, types, and tips for writing them effectively.

▎Characteristics of Expository Paragraphs

1. Purpose: The primary purpose of an expository paragraph is to provide information and clarify a topic. It aims to educate the reader rather than persuade or entertain.

2. Clarity: Expository writing should be clear and straightforward. The language used should be precise, and complex jargon should be avoided unless it is defined.

3. Objectivity: Expository paragraphs typically maintain an objective tone. The writer should present facts and information without personal bias or opinion.

4. Structure: An expository paragraph generally follows a clear structure, often consisting of a topic sentence, supporting details, and a concluding sentence.

▎Structure of an Expository Paragraph

1. Topic Sentence: This sentence introduces the main idea of the paragraph. It should be specific and concise, giving the reader a clear understanding of what to expect.

2. Supporting Details: These sentences provide evidence, examples, facts, statistics, or explanations that support the topic sentence. They help to elaborate on the main idea and provide depth to the explanation.

3. Concluding Sentence: This sentence wraps up the paragraph by summarizing the main point or providing a transition to the next paragraph. It reinforces the information presented.

▎Types of Expository Writing

1. Descriptive: Focuses on detailing characteristics and features of a subject (e.g., describing a place, person, or event).

2. Process: Explains how something works or how to do something (e.g., step-by-step instructions).

3. Comparison and Contrast: Highlights similarities and differences between two or more subjects (e.g., comparing two historical events).

4. Cause and Effect: Discusses the reasons why something happens and its consequences (e.g., explaining the effects of climate change).

5. Problem and Solution: Identifies a problem and proposes one or more solutions (e.g., addressing environmental issues).

▎Tips for Writing Effective Expository Paragraphs

1. Choose a Clear Topic: Select a specific subject that can be adequately explained within the paragraph.

2. Research Thoroughly: Gather accurate information from reliable sources to support your claims and provide factual details.

3. Use Clear Language: Avoid overly complex sentences and jargon; aim for clarity and simplicity.

4. Organize Your Ideas: Ensure that your supporting details logically follow the topic sentence and that they are well-organized.

5. Stay Objective: Present information factually and avoid inserting personal opinions or emotional language.

6. Revise and Edit: After writing your paragraph, review it for clarity, coherence, and grammatical accuracy.

▎Example of an Expository Paragraph

Topic Sentence: The process of photosynthesis is essential for life on Earth.

Supporting Details: During photosynthesis, plants convert sunlight into chemical energy by using carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil. This process occurs primarily in the leaves, where chlorophyll captures sunlight. As a result, plants produce glucose, which serves as food for themselves and other organisms. Additionally, oxygen is released as a byproduct, which is crucial for the survival of most living creatures.

Concluding Sentence: Thus, photosynthesis not only sustains plant life but also supports the entire ecosystem by providing energy and oxygen.

In summary, expository paragraphs are crucial for conveying information clearly and effectively. By following a structured approach and focusing on clarity and objectivity, writers can create informative paragraphs that enhance understanding for their readers.

🥰@N

I don't want to live based on others expectations

What letter does your name start with? Comment below.

😎 A: Presidency seeker and kind 
😣 B: Very humble 
😂 P: Very arrogant and unattainable 
😕 T: A feminine individual 
😘 TH: Very calm and laid-back 
😓 J: Envious 
😊 CH: Likes others for their own sake 
😳 H: Happy and cheerful 
😱 KH: Grudging 
😀 D: Gives importance to material things 
😩 Z: Love for you is the most sacred thing 
😝 R: Occasionally regretting love 
😳 Z: Simple and ungrudging 
😉 J: Has a short lifespan 
😘 S: The most affectionate and loving individuals 
😭 SH: Concerned with politics 
😨 S: Does not make noise 
😂 DH: Does not know how to express love 
😡 T: Quick-tempered individuals 
😜 Z: Overly talkative 
😛 A: Kind and often careless 
☺️ GH: Loves money but is kind 
😍 F: Does not reveal its problems. 
😫 Q: Clever and ungrudging 
😓 K: Very moody and political 
😒 G: Long-lived 
😫 L: Complex human beings 
😛 M: Very lovable 
😣 N: Talented but somewhat arrogant 
😙 V: A good host 
😃 H: Sensitive 
😄 Y: The kindest individuals 

It's not my cup of tea.
به دلم نمیشینه، خوشم نمی آید.
Don't tempt me.
وسوسه ام نکن.
Give me five.
؟
Comment the correct answer 👌