الclincal case حسب كلام الدكتور عليهم سؤالين لكل case :

🔴What is the Etology❓

🔴What is the clinical case❓

وهذا مثال عليهم⤴️

ملاحظات الclinical case✅.

ملاحظات العملي "شاملة محاضرات العملي +محاضرة المراجعة +السلايدات يلي قال الدكتور "متجيش"" 🐛🪰🎥:





🔴protozoa⬇️:

https://t.me/doctorsnote56/380?single


🔴nematode⬇️:
https://t.me/doctorsnote56/390?single


🔴Trematode⬇️:
https://t.me/doctorsnote56/395


🔴cestode⬇️:
https://t.me/doctorsnote56/400


🔴Arthropods⬇️:
https://t.me/doctorsnote56/405


🔴clincal case⬇️:
https://t.me/doctorsnote56/413

تم بحمد الله تنزيل كامل ملاحظات الجانب العملي لمادة الباراسايتولوجي (Parasitology) في القناة، لتكون مرجعاً لكم في المراجعة.
ومع هذه الأيام المباركة، نسأل الله أن يفتح عليكم فتوح العارفين، وأن يكلل جهودكم بالنجاح والتوفيق في الامتحان القادم.

ختاماً:
لا تنسونا من صالح دعائكم في هذه الأيام الفضيلة ، ولكم بالمثل.

قد ينال المؤمن بدعاء أخيه ما لا يدركه بدعائه لنفسه...

عائلة "Doctor 's Not"، إن كنتم قد استفدتم من هذه القناة ولو بقليل، فإني أسألكم بلطف أن لا تنسوني من صالح دعائكم في يوم عرفة المبارك ولعل دعوة صادقة من أحدكم تفتح لي أبواب خير وتغير مجرى حياتي. ولكم بمثل ما دعوتم وزيادة يارب.

ملاحظات جزئية العملي للفارما ⬇️:

Pharma|HYPERTENSION Clinical Case 💊

🔴Cushing syndrome causes sodium and water retention, which can lead to hypertension.

🔴Cardiomegaly is an enlargement of the heart that can occur as a result of hypertension.

🔴propranolol can mask the symptoms of hypoglycemia.

🔴It was decided to add propranolol, what are
the adverse effects you will watch for:➡️Hypotension+Bradycardia.


🔴Prazocin➡️First dose effect – marked,hypotension.

ملاحظات جزئية الHpertenstion cases✅💊.

قال الدكتور ركزوا أكثر شي ع جزئية الclinical cases ف الإمتحان✨.

Pharma| heart failure Clinical Case 💊🫀:

🔴Common symptoms of left-sided heart failure include dyspnea and orthopnea.
🔴Generalized edema is a common sign of right-sided heart failure.

🔴Angiotensin II contributes to cardiac remodeling and the progression of heart failure. Over time, this can lead to cardiomegaly, resulting in an enlarged heart.

🔴Severe heart failure can lead to metabolic acidosis due to poor tissue perfusion and increased lactic acid production.

🔴In heart failure, congestion can occur throughout the body, and poor blood supply may result in ulcer formation.

🔴left-sided heart failure may eventually lead to right-sided heart failure.

🔴Heart failure may contribute to constipation because the gastrointestinal tract does not function as efficiently as normal due to reduced blood supply.

🔴Digoxin is not a first-line treatment for heart failure. However, it may be used as first line only when heart failure is associated with atrial fibrillation.

🔴ACE inhibitors decrease both preload and afterload, thereby improving cardiac function in patients with heart failure.
🔴The first-line treatment for heart failure includes ,diuretics ,ACE inhibitors, and beta-blockers.

🔴ACE inhibitors are among the most important drugs used in the treatment of heart failure. However, they may not be used in some patients because of contraindications.

🔴Digoxin toxicity is more likely to occur when serum potassium levels are low (hypokalemia) and calcium levels are high (hypercalcemia).
🔴Nitrates reduce preload by causing venodilation, while hydralazine reduces afterload by causing arteriolar dilation. They are used in patients who have contraindications to ACE inhibitors.

🔴In cases of digoxin toxicity caused by hypokalemia, potassium supplements should be administered. If the toxicity is associated with ventricular arrhythmias, lidocaine may be used as an antiarrhythmic treatment.❗(MCQ)❗

🔴Digoxin is used in patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure to control ventricular rate and improve cardiac function.

🔴In digoxin toxicity

⭕gastrointestinal symptoms may occur, including nausea, anorexia, vomiting, and constipation. Visual disturbances such as color perception changes can also appear. In these cases, the drug should be discontinued.


⭕If ventricular arrhythmias develop, lidocaine may be used as an antiarrhythmic agent.

⭕For supraventricular tachycardia, propranolol (a beta-blocker) can be administered.

⭕If heart block progresses to severe bradycardia, atropine may be given.

⭕In severe or life-threatening cases of digoxin toxicity, digoxin-specific antibody fragments (digoxin immune Fab) are used as an antidote.

الcase هذه الدكتورة قالت مرات تجيبها⬇️:


🔴In cases of digoxin toxicity, If the toxicity is associated with ventricular arrhythmias➡️ lidocaine
may be used as an antiarrhythmic treatment.❗(MCQ)❗

ملاحظات جزئية clincal case of heart failure🫀💊✅.

🔴For Type II hypertension recommended to give to combination of drug like a ACEIS/ B blocker + diuretics or according to the case

🔴If the patient has diabetes with hypertension, the best drug is ACEIs with diuretics and never use B blockers

🔴When you gave ACEIs this decrease the destruction bradykinin and this lead to:
🔻Dry mouth
🔻Angioedema


🔴ACEIs and ARB NEVER use bilateral renal stenosis

🔴NEVER USE Thiazide and loop diuretics in
Gout

🔴Prazosin Avoided in a elderly patient

🔴 NEVER use ACEIs and ARB with a pregnant woman

🔴in severe edema and CHF use strong diuretics like furosemide (loop diuretics).

أهم الحاجات المتكررة ف التجميعات لhyper tension case💊:

سلايدات عملي الباثو بدون بيانات ⤴️

مفيدات للمراجعة⬇️: