Forwarded from Archaeogenetics channel
🇸🇪Reconstruction of the Mesolithic Bredgård Man by sculptor and forensic artist Oscar Nilsson.
With an age of 9500 years, the Bredgård Man is one of the oldest skeletal finds in Scandinavia. The hunter-gatherer was found accidentally in a bog by farmer Per-Åke Jansson in 1994. The Bredgård Man was unusually tall and muscular for his time, and his bones have since been moved to the Swedish National Museum in Stockholm.
Isotopes show that he lived on a diet that was a mix of terrestrial game and seafood. He was predicted to have had light hair, blue or green eyes and an intermediate to light skin color.
yDNA: I2-FT344596
mtDNA: U5a2
Sample reference: NEO27 from '100 ancient genomes show repeated population turnovers in Neolithic Denmark' 🇸🇪
https://www.skaraborgslanstidning.se/2023-10-11/lag-10-000-ar-i-mossen-nu-bor-han-i-museets-kallare
https://www.vastsverige.com/ulricehamn/kultur/historiska-fynd/
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06862-3
https://www.odnilsson.com/home/
With an age of 9500 years, the Bredgård Man is one of the oldest skeletal finds in Scandinavia. The hunter-gatherer was found accidentally in a bog by farmer Per-Åke Jansson in 1994. The Bredgård Man was unusually tall and muscular for his time, and his bones have since been moved to the Swedish National Museum in Stockholm.
Isotopes show that he lived on a diet that was a mix of terrestrial game and seafood. He was predicted to have had light hair, blue or green eyes and an intermediate to light skin color.
yDNA: I2-FT344596
mtDNA: U5a2
Sample reference: NEO27 from '100 ancient genomes show repeated population turnovers in Neolithic Denmark' 🇸🇪
https://www.skaraborgslanstidning.se/2023-10-11/lag-10-000-ar-i-mossen-nu-bor-han-i-museets-kallare
https://www.vastsverige.com/ulricehamn/kultur/historiska-fynd/
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06862-3
https://www.odnilsson.com/home/
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Forwarded from Archaeogenetics channel
🇫🇮yDNA of 584 Finnish men. From 'Vestiges of an Ancient Border in the Contemporary Genetic Diversity of North-Eastern Europe' https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4488853/ 🇫🇮
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Forwarded from Archaeogenetics channel
🇫🇮Map showing the distribution of yDNA (top) and mtDNA (bottom) in Finland from the same paper. The West-East divide is palpable. 🇫🇮
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Staredown between slavic invader and illyrian native dwelling in balkan region
@illyrianometer
In the first decades under Byzantine rule (until 461), Illyria suffered the devastation of raids by Visigoths, Huns, and Ostrogoths. Not long after these barbarian invaders swept through the Balkans, the Slavs appeared. Between the 6th and 8th centuries they settled in Illyrian territories and proceeded to assimilate Illyrian tribes in much of what is now Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Serbia. The tribes of southern Illyria, however—including modern Albania—averted assimilation and preserved their native tongue.
Reconstructions used
1.Slavic(left) from Ancestral whispers
2.Justinian potrait to imagine illyrian face
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Forwarded from Archaeogenetics channel
🇯🇵🇯🇵🇯🇵Emperor Higashiyama 東山天皇 and by extension the other male members of the Imperial House of Japan have been found to belong to yDNA D-Z1504, a subclade and child branch of the roughly 19,000 years old Jomon D-M64. Upstream ancient subclades of the Imperial haplogroup of Z1504 include two Jomon men from Fukushima and Funadomari. It is unknown how the Imperial family that is widely believed to descend from invaders during the Kofun jidai (300-538 AD) came to belong to an indigenous Jomon haplogroup. 🇯🇵🇯🇵🇯🇵
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Moldovan dna breakdown
@illyrianometer
61.4% SlavicThey are genetically closer to Serbians
35.8% Native balkan Thraco-Dacian(basically pre slavic native dna)
2.8% Germanic+celtic
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Staredown between iranic central asian on left and Indic gandharan afghan native on right.
@illyrianometer
This remarks period when Iranics and Gandharan Indics started to mix forming modern afghans
Iranic is mix of aryan and bmac
Gandhara is mix of aryan,bmac and indus
Iranic is genetically closer to Modern Yaghobis and Gandharan dna is mostly found in Kashmiris,Nuristanis and Kalash
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Romanian dna breakdown using qpAdm following research guidelines
Details:-
Model:-
@illyrianometer
Details:-
54.6% Balto-Slavic
29.5% Thracian
15.9% Levanto Anatolian dna
They are genetically close to Serbians
Model:-
/g@cxbbot admixtools qpfmc
target=Romanian.HO
left=Russia_Sunghir_Medieval.SG,Bulgaria_EIA.AG,Lebanon_ERoman.SG
right=Cameroon_ShumLaka_SMA.AG,Italy_Epigravettian.AG,Belgium_Gravettian.AG,Belgium_UP_Magdalenian.AG,Georgia_Kotias_Mesolithic.SG,Iran_GanjDareh_N.AG,Estonia_IA.SG,Greece_Theopetra_EBA.SG,Croatia_Zadar_Roman.SG,Ukraine_Medieval_Rus.SG,Serbia_Sirmium_Roman.SG,Albania_Shtike_Medieval.AG,Lebanon_IA3.SG,Lebanon_Medieval.SG,Israel_Ashkelon_IA2.AG,Spain_Greek_oAegean.AG,Hungary_Transtisza_Maros_EarlyAvar.AG,Italy_Sicily_LBA.AG,Italy_Bivio_Roman.SG,Albania_Cinamak_BA_IA.AG,Italy_Sicily_IA.AG,NorthMacedonia_IA.AG
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Lactose tolerance map showing which regions around world have ability to digest milk
Research:-https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Map-of-lactase-persistence-throughout-Eurasia-and-Africa-Adapted-from-Wells-et-al_fig1_371602182
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Forwarded from The Chad Pastoralist
New paper by McColl et al. (2024) and the origin of the Germanic people.
"We find evidence of a previously unknown, large-scale Bronze Age migration within Scandinavia, originating in the east and becoming widespread to the west and south, thus providing a new potential driving factor for the expansion of the Germanic speech community. This East Scandinavian genetic cluster is first seen 800 years after the arrival of the Corded Ware Culture, the first Steppe-related population to emerge in Northern Europe, opening a new scenario implying a Late rather than an Middle Neolithic arrival of the Germanic language group in Scandinavia."
In 2000-1000 BC Scandinavia, they claim to find three populations:
-A Norweigan cluster primarily carrying Y-haplogroup R1a-Z284 (they call it Early Scandinavian)
-A Danish cluster primarily carrying Y-haplogroup R1b-U106 (they call it South Scandinavian)
-A Swedish cluster primarily carrying Y-haplogroup I1 (they call it East Scandinavian)
The paper suggests that Germanic originated in the "East Scandinavian" cluster, also known as the I1 cluster in the Allentoft paper. This is the same population with hunter-gatherer fathers that migrated into Denmark, bringing with them their Neolithic stone cist burial tradition, replacing the aforementioned Early and South Scandinavian populations.
Moreover, the I1 cluster, ancestral to the Germanic people, didn't just carry different Y-DNA haplogroups to the Early Scandinavian and South Scandinavian clusters, they had different ancestry on the whole. This was an entirely different genetic population.
The paper suggests that the East Scandinavian cluster (the I1 cluster) had a cross-Baltic maritime origin due to the samples being modelled as having 7% Latvian Hunter-Gatherer ancestry. However, based on strontium isotope analysis, it is more likely that they came from East Sweden, possibly Mälaren Valley.
I theorised back in December 2023 before the McColl and Allentoft papers were published that the founding population of the Nordic Bronze Age Scandinavians (now confirmed to be the I1 cluster) were not only of a non-WSH origin (carrying I1 Y-haplogroup lineages of hunter-gatherer origin), but even Germanic originated with these people. It is now settled that Germanic comes from the I1 cluster. First the Allentoft paper, now the McColl paper.
"We find evidence of a previously unknown, large-scale Bronze Age migration within Scandinavia, originating in the east and becoming widespread to the west and south, thus providing a new potential driving factor for the expansion of the Germanic speech community. This East Scandinavian genetic cluster is first seen 800 years after the arrival of the Corded Ware Culture, the first Steppe-related population to emerge in Northern Europe, opening a new scenario implying a Late rather than an Middle Neolithic arrival of the Germanic language group in Scandinavia."
In 2000-1000 BC Scandinavia, they claim to find three populations:
-A Norweigan cluster primarily carrying Y-haplogroup R1a-Z284 (they call it Early Scandinavian)
-A Danish cluster primarily carrying Y-haplogroup R1b-U106 (they call it South Scandinavian)
-A Swedish cluster primarily carrying Y-haplogroup I1 (they call it East Scandinavian)
The paper suggests that Germanic originated in the "East Scandinavian" cluster, also known as the I1 cluster in the Allentoft paper. This is the same population with hunter-gatherer fathers that migrated into Denmark, bringing with them their Neolithic stone cist burial tradition, replacing the aforementioned Early and South Scandinavian populations.
Moreover, the I1 cluster, ancestral to the Germanic people, didn't just carry different Y-DNA haplogroups to the Early Scandinavian and South Scandinavian clusters, they had different ancestry on the whole. This was an entirely different genetic population.
The paper suggests that the East Scandinavian cluster (the I1 cluster) had a cross-Baltic maritime origin due to the samples being modelled as having 7% Latvian Hunter-Gatherer ancestry. However, based on strontium isotope analysis, it is more likely that they came from East Sweden, possibly Mälaren Valley.
I theorised back in December 2023 before the McColl and Allentoft papers were published that the founding population of the Nordic Bronze Age Scandinavians (now confirmed to be the I1 cluster) were not only of a non-WSH origin (carrying I1 Y-haplogroup lineages of hunter-gatherer origin), but even Germanic originated with these people. It is now settled that Germanic comes from the I1 cluster. First the Allentoft paper, now the McColl paper.
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A study of young Turkish men found that 71.3% were unable to digest lactose (lactose malabsorbers) while only 28.7% could (lactose absorbers). This aligns with the prevalence of a gene that causes lactose intolerance, which is found at a moderate rate in Turkey, falling between the rates seen in Europe and the Middle East. This suggests a gradual change in the gene's frequency across this region.
@illyrianometer
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Bashkir dna breakdown using qpAdm
They are genetically closer to Siberian Tatars
Model:-
@illyrianometer
45.3% Turkic
35.6% Uralic
19% Slavic
They are genetically closer to Siberian Tatars
Model:-
/g@cxbbot admixtools qpfmc
target=Bashkir.HO
left=Russia_Sunghir_Medieval.SG,Kazakhstan_Kipchak1.SG,Russia_BolshoyOleniyOstrov_MBA.AG
right=Cameroon_ShumLaka_SMA.AG,Italy_Epigravettian.AG,Belgium_Gravettian.AG,Belgium_UP_Magdalenian.AG,Georgia_Kotias_Mesolithic.SG,Russia_MLBA_Krasnoyarsk.AG,Russia_BA_Okunevo.SG,Kazakhstan_Kangju.SG,Kazakhstan_Kimak.SG,Kazakhstan_Wusun.SG
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Google trend Map showing countries where word "Turanism" is highly searched on google from 2004 to present
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Forwarded from Archaeogenetics channel
🇫🇮Linguists have been studying Indo-European loanwords in Finnish since the late 1800s, and the Finnic languages (Estonian and Finnish) have always been important to Germanic linguists because they contain early archaic loanwords from the Proto-Germanic stage. It has been known by archaeologists that Proto-Germanics lived near Finnic speakers, and the PG loanwords in Finnic are usually considered to be a result of these interactions.
Itkonen (1983) discovered around 450 early Germanic loanwords in Finnic, although not all of them were necessarily deemed to stem from the Proto-Germanic stage. Kallio (2012) estimates the amount to be around 500. Cronhamn (2018) found a whopping 118 Proto-Germanic loanwords in the modern Finnish language. 🇫🇮
Itkonen (1983) discovered around 450 early Germanic loanwords in Finnic, although not all of them were necessarily deemed to stem from the Proto-Germanic stage. Kallio (2012) estimates the amount to be around 500. Cronhamn (2018) found a whopping 118 Proto-Germanic loanwords in the modern Finnish language. 🇫🇮
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Forwarded from Archaeogenetics channel
🇫🇮Some of the more well known Proto-Germanic loanwords in Finnic includes:
Kuningas = king. From Proto-Germanic *kuningaz. Ironically, Germanic languages have not preserved this archaic word, and instead use words that developed from it. Kóngurinn in Icelandic, konge in Norwegian, konung or kung in Swedish, konge in Danish, könig in German, just to name a few.
Ruhtinas = prince, sovereign prince. From Proto-Germanic *druhtinaz.
Keihäs = spear. From Proto-Germanic *gaizaz.
Kunnia = honor. From Proto-Germanic *kunją.
Murha = murder. From Proto-Germanic *murþaz.
Haukka = hawk. From Proto-Germanic *habukaz.
Kana = chicken. From Proto-Germanic *hanô. 🇫🇮
Kuningas = king. From Proto-Germanic *kuningaz. Ironically, Germanic languages have not preserved this archaic word, and instead use words that developed from it. Kóngurinn in Icelandic, konge in Norwegian, konung or kung in Swedish, konge in Danish, könig in German, just to name a few.
Ruhtinas = prince, sovereign prince. From Proto-Germanic *druhtinaz.
Keihäs = spear. From Proto-Germanic *gaizaz.
Kunnia = honor. From Proto-Germanic *kunją.
Murha = murder. From Proto-Germanic *murþaz.
Haukka = hawk. From Proto-Germanic *habukaz.
Kana = chicken. From Proto-Germanic *hanô. 🇫🇮
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Half Croatian Half albanian dna results
@illyrianometer
55.4% Roman Thraco-Illyrian
44.6% Balto Slavic
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