#MainsFodder #PT2021
Chang’e 5 Lunar Mission
In News: Lunar mission of China returned with 2Kg of the fresh rock samples from the moon.
Merits of the mission:
1. These lunar samples were retrieved from Oceanus Procellarum, or Ocean of Storms.
2. Ocean of Storms was believed to have been volcanic in ancient times.
3. Mons Rumker is younger than the sampling areas of the U.S. and the Soviet missions.
4. Help to understand the moon's volcanic activity and evolution.
Chang’e 5 Lunar Mission
In News: Lunar mission of China returned with 2Kg of the fresh rock samples from the moon.
Merits of the mission:
1. These lunar samples were retrieved from Oceanus Procellarum, or Ocean of Storms.
2. Ocean of Storms was believed to have been volcanic in ancient times.
3. Mons Rumker is younger than the sampling areas of the U.S. and the Soviet missions.
4. Help to understand the moon's volcanic activity and evolution.
#MainsFodder #PT2021
Human Freedom Index 2020
- Released by the Cato Institute in the US and Fraser Institute in Canada.
- It consists of 76 indicators -personal, civic and economic freedom.
Key features:
- India is placed at 111 out of 162 countries.
- India ranked 110 in terms of personal freedom and 105 on economic freedom
- India’s Overall score of 6.43 out of 10.
- New Zealand topped in the index, followed by Switzerland and Hong Kong.
Human Freedom Index 2020
- Released by the Cato Institute in the US and Fraser Institute in Canada.
- It consists of 76 indicators -personal, civic and economic freedom.
Key features:
- India is placed at 111 out of 162 countries.
- India ranked 110 in terms of personal freedom and 105 on economic freedom
- India’s Overall score of 6.43 out of 10.
- New Zealand topped in the index, followed by Switzerland and Hong Kong.
#MainsFodder #PT2021
Jharkhand’s Cyber-crime prevention scheme
Aim: To protect women and children from growing cybercrimes.
The scheme has 5 components
1. Online cyber crime registration
2. Forensic search
3. Capacity building
4. Awareness creation
5. Research and development units.
Functions:
1. It helps make a robust system & modernise the police to tackle growing cybercrime.
2. Students will be trained for community policing.
3. Awareness campaigns like one day workshop, essay and elocution competition etc. will be conducted.
Jharkhand’s Cyber-crime prevention scheme
Aim: To protect women and children from growing cybercrimes.
The scheme has 5 components
1. Online cyber crime registration
2. Forensic search
3. Capacity building
4. Awareness creation
5. Research and development units.
Functions:
1. It helps make a robust system & modernise the police to tackle growing cybercrime.
2. Students will be trained for community policing.
3. Awareness campaigns like one day workshop, essay and elocution competition etc. will be conducted.
#Environment-current #PT2021
Himalayan trillium
- Scientific Name: Trillium govanianum
- Himalayan herb is often called Nagchatri in local areas.
- Location: Temperate and sub-alpine zones of the Himalayas.
In India: Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Sikkim, and Uttarakhand.
- IUCN has placed it in “Endangered” category.
- Concern: Its population is expected to decline by at least 50% between 2010 and 2079.
Causes for decline:
1. Overexploitation.
2. Slow to reach reproductive maturity.
3. Poor capacity for seed dispersal.
4. Due to its high medicinal quality, it is vulnerable to trading.
Importance:
1. It can cure diseases like dysentery, wounds, skin boils etc.
2. It can be also used as an anti-cancer and anti-aging agent.
Himalayan trillium
- Scientific Name: Trillium govanianum
- Himalayan herb is often called Nagchatri in local areas.
- Location: Temperate and sub-alpine zones of the Himalayas.
In India: Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Sikkim, and Uttarakhand.
- IUCN has placed it in “Endangered” category.
- Concern: Its population is expected to decline by at least 50% between 2010 and 2079.
Causes for decline:
1. Overexploitation.
2. Slow to reach reproductive maturity.
3. Poor capacity for seed dispersal.
4. Due to its high medicinal quality, it is vulnerable to trading.
Importance:
1. It can cure diseases like dysentery, wounds, skin boils etc.
2. It can be also used as an anti-cancer and anti-aging agent.
#MainsFodder #PT2021
Khelo India Youth Games 2021
- Gatka, Kalaripayattu Thang-Ta, Mallakhamba - in Khelo India Youth Games 2021.
- Gatka-
1. Punjab
2. traditional fighting style of. the Nihang Sikh warriors
3. used both as self-defense and a sport.
- Kalaripayattu- Kerala.
- Thang-Ta- Manipur marital art.
- Mallakhamba-Maharashtra and MP
- Host State-Haryana
- The inaugural edition- New Delhi (2018).
- 2 broad categories - Under 17 and Under 21 Categories.
Khelo India Youth Games 2021
- Gatka, Kalaripayattu Thang-Ta, Mallakhamba - in Khelo India Youth Games 2021.
- Gatka-
1. Punjab
2. traditional fighting style of. the Nihang Sikh warriors
3. used both as self-defense and a sport.
- Kalaripayattu- Kerala.
- Thang-Ta- Manipur marital art.
- Mallakhamba-Maharashtra and MP
- Host State-Haryana
- The inaugural edition- New Delhi (2018).
- 2 broad categories - Under 17 and Under 21 Categories.
#MainsFodder #PT2021
Great Conjunction/Christmas Star
- News: Dec 21 is a great conjunction event
- Jupiter and Saturn will be close in the night sky after nearly 400 years.
- This happen in winter solstice in the Northern Hemisphere and summer solstice in the Southern Hemisphere.
- A conjunction is the name given to any event where planets or asteroids appear to be very close together.
- Astronomers use the word “great” because of the planets’ sizes.
Great Conjunction/Christmas Star
- News: Dec 21 is a great conjunction event
- Jupiter and Saturn will be close in the night sky after nearly 400 years.
- This happen in winter solstice in the Northern Hemisphere and summer solstice in the Southern Hemisphere.
- A conjunction is the name given to any event where planets or asteroids appear to be very close together.
- Astronomers use the word “great” because of the planets’ sizes.
#MainsFodder #PT2021
R cluster
- Reliance Industries Ltd and British Petroleum have announced the start of gas production from the R cluster.
- R Cluster- The deepest off-shore gas field in Asia
peak production of about 10% of India’s current natural gas output.
- It is one of the three fields in the Krishna Godavari Basin (KGD6).
- This field comprises a subsea production system
Significance:
1. To boost domestic production of natural gas
2. To increase the share of natural gas in India’s energy basket from 6.2% now to 15% by 2030.
R cluster
- Reliance Industries Ltd and British Petroleum have announced the start of gas production from the R cluster.
- R Cluster- The deepest off-shore gas field in Asia
peak production of about 10% of India’s current natural gas output.
- It is one of the three fields in the Krishna Godavari Basin (KGD6).
- This field comprises a subsea production system
Significance:
1. To boost domestic production of natural gas
2. To increase the share of natural gas in India’s energy basket from 6.2% now to 15% by 2030.
Intensive Mentorship Program(IMP2020)
Mini Mocks - Day 05 ( GS 02)
Time: 1 Hour
Q 1 Legally, the delegated authority belongs to the principal, but in practice, its exercise is allowed to the subordinate or agent. In this context examine the issues associated with delegated legislation. (150 Words)
Q 2 What do you understand by the term ‘constitutionalism’? Discuss its role in sustaining a large democracy like India. (150 Words)
Q 3 Discuss the Judicial reforms needed in Indian Judiciary. (150 Words)
Q 4 India showcased poor performance in the recently released World Press Freedom Index (WPFI). Analyse the issues associated with freedom of press in India and Suggest some measures to improve India’s ranking. (250 Words)
Q 5 ‘Too little cash, too much politics, leaves WHO fighting for life.’ Discuss the statement in the light of US’ withdrawal and its possible implications. (250 Words)
Q 6 ‘The time has come for India and ASEAN to build a strong contemporary relationship, one involving global and strategic partnership that will have a great significance for Asia and the world as a whole.’ Comment (250 Words)
Practice Questions for Those writing Mains 2020 👆👆.
Write and send it to us for Free Evaluation...
Write and send it to us for Free Evaluation...
#MainsFodder #PT2021
Positive Pay System
News: On January 1, 2021, RBI will introduce the ‘Positive Pay System’ for cheque transactions above Rs. 50,000.
Process:
1. A process of reconfirming key details of large-value cheques.
2. The issuer of the cheque electronically submits certain minimum details of that cheque to the drawee bank.
3.These details will be cross-checked
cheque is presented for payment by the Cheque Truncation System (CTS).
4. If any problem occures, drawee bank and presenting bank, who then take redressal measures.
5. National Payments Corporation of India will develop the facility of Positive Pay in CTS, and make it available to participant banks.
Positive Pay System
News: On January 1, 2021, RBI will introduce the ‘Positive Pay System’ for cheque transactions above Rs. 50,000.
Process:
1. A process of reconfirming key details of large-value cheques.
2. The issuer of the cheque electronically submits certain minimum details of that cheque to the drawee bank.
3.These details will be cross-checked
cheque is presented for payment by the Cheque Truncation System (CTS).
4. If any problem occures, drawee bank and presenting bank, who then take redressal measures.
5. National Payments Corporation of India will develop the facility of Positive Pay in CTS, and make it available to participant banks.
#MainsFodder #PT2021
OneWeb Satellites
News: Launch of 36 communications satellites into the Low Earth Orbit (LEO).
Announced by: Bharti Global and U.K. government
Aim: To operationalise one of the world’s first LEO constellations.
Significance:
1. It will deliver high-speed, low-latency global connectivity.
2. Deliver broadband connectivity to the communities, towns, regions left unconnected or under-connected.
3. Offer high-speed internet from its constellation of satellites in India by mid-2022.
OneWeb Satellites
News: Launch of 36 communications satellites into the Low Earth Orbit (LEO).
Announced by: Bharti Global and U.K. government
Aim: To operationalise one of the world’s first LEO constellations.
Significance:
1. It will deliver high-speed, low-latency global connectivity.
2. Deliver broadband connectivity to the communities, towns, regions left unconnected or under-connected.
3. Offer high-speed internet from its constellation of satellites in India by mid-2022.
#MainsFodder #PT2021
ACE2 Enzyme
In News: According to a new report, enzyme ACE2 may be offering protection to women against Covid-19 disease.
- It enables the novel corona virus to infect the cell.
- It is a key in protecting against cardiovascular, lung and kidney diseases.
- ACE2 is a gene linked to the X chromosome.
- Women have twice as many active genetic instructions to make ACE2.
- This makes female Covid-19 patients face less severe disease complications.
ACE2 Enzyme
In News: According to a new report, enzyme ACE2 may be offering protection to women against Covid-19 disease.
- It enables the novel corona virus to infect the cell.
- It is a key in protecting against cardiovascular, lung and kidney diseases.
- ACE2 is a gene linked to the X chromosome.
- Women have twice as many active genetic instructions to make ACE2.
- This makes female Covid-19 patients face less severe disease complications.
#MainsFodder #PT2021
Ethanol Blended Petrol
News: Indian government has proposed the adoption of E20 fuel for vehicular use.
Aim: To curb vehicle emissions and reduce the country’s oil import bill.
Current situation: Only 10% of ethanol blend is permissible in India.
- E20 is a blend of 20% ethanol with gasoline (petrol)
Key points:
1. Use as an alternative to the fuels currently available.
2. It can be used as a bio-fuel in Flexi fuel vehicles.
3. Ethanol is greener than gasoline because the corn and crop plantations absorb CO2 from the atmosphere as they grow.
Ethanol Blended Petrol
News: Indian government has proposed the adoption of E20 fuel for vehicular use.
Aim: To curb vehicle emissions and reduce the country’s oil import bill.
Current situation: Only 10% of ethanol blend is permissible in India.
- E20 is a blend of 20% ethanol with gasoline (petrol)
Key points:
1. Use as an alternative to the fuels currently available.
2. It can be used as a bio-fuel in Flexi fuel vehicles.
3. Ethanol is greener than gasoline because the corn and crop plantations absorb CO2 from the atmosphere as they grow.
#MainsFodder #PT2021
Shigellosis
- It is a highly contagious intestinal disease caused by Shigella.
- Causes:
1.Contaminated water or stale food.
2. It can be transmitted after using a common toilet also.
- Symptoms: diarrhoea, often containing blood or mucus in stool, stomach pain, cramps, fever and vomiting.
- Duration: shows minor symptoms in a day or two but it may take a week or so to show acute symptoms.
- Measures: super-chlorination of wells and inspection of eateries in the affected region.
Shigellosis
- It is a highly contagious intestinal disease caused by Shigella.
- Causes:
1.Contaminated water or stale food.
2. It can be transmitted after using a common toilet also.
- Symptoms: diarrhoea, often containing blood or mucus in stool, stomach pain, cramps, fever and vomiting.
- Duration: shows minor symptoms in a day or two but it may take a week or so to show acute symptoms.
- Measures: super-chlorination of wells and inspection of eateries in the affected region.
#PT2021 #environment_current
Satkosia Gorge Sanctuary:
It owes its name to the narrow stretch of River Mahanadi
The area was made a sanctuary in 1976 and spreads out in four districts of Odisha namely Angul, Budh, Cuttack and Nayagarh.
The Satkosia Gorge is a unique feature in geomorphology of India because here Mahanadi cuts right across the Eastern Ghats and has formed a magnificent gorge.
Fauna: It is known for Gharials, Mugger crocodile and rare freshwater turtles like Chitra indica and Indian softshell turtle.
Satkosia Gorge Sanctuary:
It owes its name to the narrow stretch of River Mahanadi
The area was made a sanctuary in 1976 and spreads out in four districts of Odisha namely Angul, Budh, Cuttack and Nayagarh.
The Satkosia Gorge is a unique feature in geomorphology of India because here Mahanadi cuts right across the Eastern Ghats and has formed a magnificent gorge.
Fauna: It is known for Gharials, Mugger crocodile and rare freshwater turtles like Chitra indica and Indian softshell turtle.