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UPSC PRELIMS 2023
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Mains 2023
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#2MinRead  #SchemesInNews #PT2020

‘Tamanna’ (Try And Measure Aptitude And Natural Abilities)  

Launched by: MoHRD, CBSE and NCERT in 2019.

It is an online aptitude test to help students(of 9th and 10th) make the right career choices, by making right subject choices in 11th and 12th standard.
#1MinRead  #PT2020  

Operation Namaste( 2020)

An anti-COVID-19 campaign by Indian Army to help the government in its fight against the pandemic.
#1MinRevise  #NCERT_Geography  #PT2020

Bardoli Chheerha(Nor Westers)

It is a local storm of Summer in Assam and West Bengal.

These dreaded evening thunderstorms are also called as ‘Kalbaisakhi’

These showers are useful for tea, jute and rice cultivation.
#1MinRead  #PT2020 

Blue Hole?

It is a marine cavern(cavelike) formed by the dissolution of rocks rich in carbonates. 

They are cut off from the ocean and do not receive freshwater from rains. They are anoxic in nature.


InNews- recently YANGLEY Blue Hole was discovered in South China Sea, with 300 m depth it's the largest Blue Hole known.
#2MinRead #TermsInNews #Economy_Current #PT2020

Helicopter Money

It involves printing large sums of money and distributing it to the public by the Central Bank.

American economist Milton Friedman coined this term.

Quantitative easing
It means printing money to monetise government deficits, but the govt has to pay back for the assets that the central bank buys.

In News - Authorities world over considering it for recovering from CoVID-19 triggered Economic losses.
#1MinRead #SnT_Currents

CollabCAD
It is a collaborative network of software systems, which provides engineering solution to 2D and 3D product design.

Launched jointly by NITI Aayog & National Informatics Centre (NIC), under Atal Innovation Mission.
#2MinRead #CoVID-19 #TermsInNews

Pool Testing

It refers to screening of a pooled sample from 2 or more individuals .Individual patients are screened only if the pool tests positive.
All individual samples in a negative pool are regarded as negative.

Significance
-Speeding Up tests
-Cost savings

In News- Recently ICMR has approved pool testing for a pool of 5 individuals.
#PT2020 #NCERT_Terms #1MinRead

Green Water??
Rainfall water in Soil that is available for plant growth.

Phthalates
Pollutant in Plastic, Pencils, shoes, rubber etc.

Cragger
a member of Carbon reduction group.
#PT2020 #Environment #2MinRead

Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund

Its global programme to provide financial and technical assistance to NGOs, to protect critical ecosystems,like biodiversity hotspots.

Launched in 2000.

A joint biodiversity conservation initiative of World Bank, l'Agence Française de Développement, Conservation International, EU, Global Environment Facility and Japan.
#PT2020 #NCERT_GEOGRAPHY

Antecedent River

River that maintains its original course and pattern despite the changes in underlying rock topography.
Examples
Indus, Sutlej, Ganga, Brahmaptra, Subansiri, Kosi.

Superposed River
River that forms over horizontal beds that overlie folded and faulted rock with varying resistance.
Examples
Chambal, Damoder, Subarnrekha, Banas
#PT2020  #OrgInNews  #2MinRead 

National Legal Services Authority (NALSA)

It's a statutory body constituted under the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987, to provide free legal services to weaker sections of society.

Functions

Organise Lok Adalats for amicable settlement of disputes.

Identify specific categories of the marginalised and excluded groups and formulates various schemes for the implementation of preventive and strategic legal service programmes.

Provide free legal aid in civil and criminal matters for the poor and marginalised people who cannot afford the services of a lawyer in any court or tribunal

In News 
NALSA stated that around 11,077 undertrials have been released from prisons nationwide as part of the mission to decongest jails following the COVID-19 pandemic.
#PT2020  #TermsInNews  #1MinRead 

EPIDEMIC
It is a disease that affects a large number of people within a community, population, or region.

PANDEMIC is an epidemic that’s spread over multiple countries or continents.

ENDEMIC is something that belongs to a particular people or country.

OUTBREAK
It is a greater-than-anticipated increase in the number of endemic cases. 
#ScienceTech   #2MinRead #PT2020

DARKNET

It refers to the deep hidden internet platform that can only be accessed with specific software, configurations, or authorization. 

With its end-to-end encryption, darknet is very tough to crack when it comes to investigating criminal activities.

USAGE

1. Narcotics and drug trade.
2. Cyber crime (cracking, file corruption, etc.)
3. File sharing (personal files, pornography, illegal or counterfeit software, etc.)
4. To protect the privacy rights of citizens from targeted and mass surveillance
5. Sale of restricted goods on darknet markets
6. Whistleblowing and news leaks

In News - The Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB) has arrested the country’s first ‘darknet’ narcotics operative.
#PT2020 #OrgInNews #1MinRead

Narcotics Control Bureau

It is the nodal drug law enforcement and intelligence agency of India.

It is responsible for fighting drug trafficking and the abuse of illegal substances. 

HQ - New Delhi
Founded - 1986

It comes under the Ministry of Home Affairs.
#PT2020   #TermsInNews #1MinRead

Zoonosis


It is an infectious disease caused by a pathogen( bacteria, viruses, parasites, etc), originated from animals (usually vertebrates).

Examples 
CoVID-19, Ebola, Swine Flu etc
#SnT_Currents  #PT2020 #2MinRead

MK 54 Lightweight Torpedo

News - US govt has approved its Sale to India 

MK 54 lightweight torpedo was known as the Lightweight Hybrid Torpedo (LHT).

It weighs around 608 pounds, while its warhead weighs around 96.8 pounds and is highly explosive. 

These torpedoes are used by surface ships, fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters and are primary anti-submarine warfare weapon.
#Environment #PT2020

Symbiosis
It is any type of a close and long-term biological interaction between two different biological organisms, be it mutualistic, commensalistic, or parasitic.
#Modern_India   #2MinRevise #VIMP_PT2020

GoI Act 1935

1. Establishment of an All-India Federation (provinces and princely states). 

2. Division of powers through Three lists
-Federal List ( 59 items),
-Provincial List ( 54 items) 
-Concurrent List (36 items).

3. Residuary powers were vested in Viceroy. 

(federation never came into being as the princely states did not join it.)

4. Provinces 
- Dyarchy abolished 
- introduced ‘provincial autonomy’.  
- introduced responsible governments the governor was required to act with the advice of ministers responsible to the provincial legislature. 

5. Centre
- dyarchy introduced. However, this provision of the Act did not come into operation at all.
- bicameralism introduced in 6 of 11 provinces. 
- Council of India was abolished( established by GoI act 1858).

6. franchise extended, about 10% total population got the voting right

7. communal representation extended. separate electorates for depressed classes (scheduled castes), women and labour (workers).

8. Reserve Bank of India was established.
9. provided for the establishment of
Federal Public Service Commission, Provincial Public Service Commission and Joint Public Service Commission

10. provided for the establishment of a Federal Court, which was set up in 1937.