#IR_OrgInNews #PT2020

United Nations Security Council

- One of the Principal Organ of the United Nations.
- Aim-  ensuring peace and security across the world
- Formed in 1945
- Total - 15 member states 
Permanent members = 5(United States, France, China, Russia, and the United Kingdom), - and they have Veto power
Non-Permanent Members - 10
Elected for 2 years from member countries of UN.

- It can issue Binding resolutions on member states.

#Govt_Initiative #PT2020

SATYABHAMA Portal 

- "'Science and Technology Yojana for AtmaNirbhar Bharat in Mining Advancement ’

- launched by Union Ministry of Mines and Coal

Aim - to encourage and boost mining and mineral sector

#History_Basics #Facts_Prelims #PT2020

Ancient India - Key Terms (Part 03)
Gupta Period

1. Mahabaladhikrita - Commander-in-Chief
2. Mahadandanayak - Chief Justice
3. Mahapratihar - Maintenance of RoyalPalace
4. Mahasandhivigrahak - Post-war conciliation
5. Dandapashika - Police department head

6. Bhandagaradhikreta - Head of Royal treasury
7. Mahapaksha-patalik - Head of account department
8. Vinayasthitisansathapak - Head of education department
9. Sarvadhyaksha - Inspector for all central department
10. Mahashwapati - Controller of cavalry

11. Mahamahipilapati - Controller & executor of elephantry
12. Vinayapura - Official to present different guests at the King’s court
13. Yuktapurusha - Office to keep account of war booty
14. Khadyatpakika - Inspector of Royal Kitchen
15. Ranabhandagarika - Officer in charge of Army Stores
16. Mahanarpati - Head of infantry

@Digicate

#SnT_Currents  #PT2020  #2MinRead

Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence (GPAI)

- It's a multistakeholder initiative involving govts, industry, civil society, and academia.

- Other Founding members- USA, UK, EU, Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Mexico, New Zealand, Republic of Korea, Singapore

- Objective - support the responsible and human-centric development and use of AI, 

- Focus is on human rights, inclusion, diversity, innovation, and economic growth.

The Secretariat, is to be hosted by Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) in Paris.

News - Recently, India joined as a founding member.

#Facts_Prelims #PT2020

Medieval India - Key Terms(Part 1) - Delhi Sultanate

1. Wazir - Prime Minister and in charge of revenue & finances.
2. Ariz-i-Mumalik    - Head of military department
3. Qazi - Legal Officer, dispensing Sharia law
4. Wakil-i-dar - Controller of Royal household
5. Majlis-i-am - Council of friends and officers consulted on important affairs of the state

6. Dahir-i-mumalik - Head of Royal correspondence
7. Sadr-i-jahan - Officers in charge of religious matters and endowments
8. Amir-i-dad - Public prosecutor
9. Qazi-i-mumalik - Chief Justice
10. Amir-i-Akhur - Officer commanding Royal Horses

@Digicate

🎲 Quiz 'PT25 - Quiz 9 - 21st June'
Practice MCQs on IMP Static and Current Affairs of last 1 year
🖊 25 questions · ⏱ 1 min

#PT2020 #SnT_Currents

Favipiravir

- It is an oral antiviral drug approved for the treatment of influenza.
- It selectively inhibits RNA polymerase, which is necessary for viral replication. Hence, it controls spreading of virus in the body.

Context - Recently, India approved FabiFlu Drug with Favipiravir as Content for treatment of COVID-19.
( For Patients with mild to moderate conditions.)

#PT2020 #Facts_Prelims

Geo-Heritage Sites

- Also called as National Geological Monuments, and are declared by Geological Survey of India (GSI)
- They are geographical areas of national importance and heritage
- for protection and maintenance and Geotourism.
- GSI and the respective State governments take necessary measures to protect these sites.

List of Sites - Part 01

Andhra Pradesh
1. Volcanogenic bedded Barytes, Cuddapah
2. Eparchaean Unconformity, Chittor
3. Natural Geological Arch, Tirumala Hills, Chittor
4. Erra Matti Dibbalu ( Red Sand Hills) Visakhapatnam City

Tamil Nadu
1. Fossil wood, Thiruvakkarai, South Arcot
2. National fossil wood park, Sattanur, Tiruchirapalli
3. Charnockite, St. Thomas Mount, Madras.
4. Badlands of Karai Formation and Cretaceous fossils - Perambalur

@Digicate

#PT2020 #Facts_Prelims

Medieval India - Key Terms(Part 2) - Mughal Empire

1. Diwan-i-Wazarat - Department of revenue & finances
2. Diwan-i-Arz - Military department
3. Diwan-i-Rasalatmuhtasib - Foreign affairs department
4. Diwan-i-insha - Custodian of govt. papers
5. Diwan-i-quza - Justice department

6. Diwan-i-Barid - Intelligence department
7. Diwan-i-Saman - Department in charge of royal household
8. Diwan - Responsible for all income and expenditure

9. Mir Bakshi - Head of the military department and nobility
10. Mir Saman - Incharge of imperial households (Karkhanas)
11. Diwan-i-Bayutat - Maintained roads, govt. buildings

12 Mir Manshi - Royal correspondence
13. Sadr-us-Sadr - Incharge of charitable & religious endowments
14. Qazi-ul-Quzat - Head of judicial department

@Digicate

#Facts_Prelims #PT2020

Geo-Heritage Sites - Part 02

Kerala
1. Angadipuram Laterite
2. Varkala Cliff Section, Thiruvanatapuram

Rajasthan
1. Sendra Granite, Pali 
2. Barr Conglomerate, Pali
3. Stromatolite Fossil Park, Jharmarkotra Rock Phosphate deposit, Udaipur
4. Gossan in Rajpura-Dariba, Udaipur
5. Stromatolite Park near Bhojunda, Chittaurgarh
5. Akal Fossil Wood Park, Jaisalmer
6. Kishangarh Nepheline Syenite, Ajmer
7. Welded Tuff, Jodhpur
8. Malani Igneous Suite, Jodhpur
9. Great Boundary Fault at Satur, Bundi 

Maharashtra
1. Lonar Lake, Buldana

Gujrat
1. Sedimentary Structures – Eddy Markings, Kadan Dam, Panch Mahal

@Digicate

#History_Basics #PT2020 #Facts_Prelims

Key Terms - Medieval India (Part 03)

1. Sipahsalar - The Head executive
2. Diwan - Incharge of revenue department
3. Bakshi - Incharge of military department
4. Sadr - Incharge of judicial department

5. Fauzdar - Administrative Head
6. Amal/Amalguzar - Revenue collection
7. Kotwal - Maintenance of law & order; trial of criminal cases; price regulation
8. Muqaddam    Headman
9. Patwari    Accountant
10. CHowkidar    Watchman

@Digicate

#PT2020 #Facts_Prelims

Geo-Heritage Site - Part 03

Chattisgarh
Lower Permian Marine bed at Manendragarh, Surguja

Karnataka
1. Columnar Lava, St Mary Island  Udupi
2. Pillow lavas near Mardihalli, Chitradurga
3. Peninsular Gneiss, Lalbagh, Banglore
4. Pyroclastics & Pillow lavas, Kolar Gold fields, Kolar

Himachal Pradesh
1. Siwalik Fossil Park, Saketi, Sirmur
   
Odisha
1. Pillow Lava in lron ore belt at Nomira, Keonjhar

Jharakhand
1. Plant Fossil bearing Inter-trappean beds of Rajmahal Formation and upper Gondwana sequence around Mandro, Sahibganj

Nagaland
1. Nagahill Ophiolite Site near Pungro,   

Sikkim
1. Stromatolite bearing Dolomite / Limestone of Buxa Formation at Mamley, near Namchi, South district.

@Digicate

#PT2020 #2MinRead

Rule of Law index

Released by the World Justice Project- an independent organisation.

It is a quantitative assessment tool about the extent to which countries adhere to the rule of law in practice.

It covers 128 countries.

It measures countries’ rule of law performance across eight factors:

(1) Constraints on Government Powers, (2) Absence of Corruption, (3) Open Government, (4) Fundamental Rights, (5) Order and Security, (6) Regulatory Enforcement, (7) Civil Justice, and (8) Criminal Justice

News - it was in news as a petition was filed in supreme court to improve India's ranking in the Index  

#IMP_Index #PT2020

Human Development Index 2019

- released by UN Development Programme (UNDP) as part of Human Development Report.

- It measures average achievement in three basic dimensions of human development,
i. Life expectancy, 
ii. Education and 
iii. Per capita income.

HDI 2019
- India ranks129 out of 189 countries 
- Norway, Switzerland, Ireland occupied the top 3 
- Among India's neighbours, Sri Lanka (71) and China (85) are higher up the rank scale.
- Bhutan (134), Bangladesh (135), Myanmar (145), Nepal (147), Pakistan (152) and Afghanistan (170) were ranked lower on the list.

#IMP_Index   #PT2020 

Ease of Doing Business Index

- It is being released as part of the World Bank every year.
- It was introduced in 2004 
- The ranking of a country is based on index averages on following indicators, each having equal weightage. 

 The indicators are -

1. Ease of starting business
2. Getting electricity
3. Dealing with construction permits
4. Registering property
5. Protecting investors 
6. Access to credit
7. Employing workers 
8. Trading across borders 
9. Paying taxes
10. Enforcing contracts &
11. Resolving insolvency

- A higher ranking of a country means that its regulatory environment is more conducive and favourable for the starting and operation of firms.

- India ranks at 63rd among 190 countries, moved 14 places from the previous year (77th rank in 2018).

@Digicate

🎲 Quiz ''PT 25 - Quiz - 24th June''
Practice MCQs on IMP Static and Current Affairs of last 1 year.
🖊 25 questions · ⏱ 1 min

#TermsInNews  #PT2020 

GAFA TAX
- Its named after Google, Apple, Facebook, Amazon
- It is a proposed digital tax to be levied on large technology and internet companies.

Significant Economic Presence (SEP)
- Transaction in respect of any goods, services or property carried out by a non-resident in India, including the provision of download of data or software in India.

Equalization Levy
- Finance Act, 2016 introduced it, at internet advertising providers that earn income from India, and do not have a permanent establishment for tax purposes in India.

#Index_InNews #PT2020

Multidimensional Poverty Index 2019

- It is a measure that takes into account the incidence of poverty and the extent of deprivation.

- It is calculated by Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).

- The MPI value ranges between 0 and 1(from lowest to highest)
-  It has been calculated for 105 developing economies.

- Multidimensionally poor means that poverty is defined not simply by income, but by a number of indicators, including poor health, poor quality of work and the threat of violence.

Findings of 2019 Report

- As per Index 1.3 billion people in the world are still multidimensionally poor.
- Every second child below the age of 18 years is multidimensionally poor in the world.
- India lifted 271 million people out of poverty between 2006 and 2016, (reduced from 0.283 in 2005-06 to 0.123 in 2015-16)

#Environment_Current #PT2020

Decarbonizing Transport Project Emerging Economies (DTEE)

News - 
Recently, NITI Aayog and the International Transport Forum (ITF)  launched it in India.

Its a five-year project to develop a low-carbon transport system through the development of modelling tools and policies. 

It supports transport decarbonisation across different world regions.

Participating countries - India, Argentina, Azerbaijan, and Morocco.

- It is a collaborative project of the ITF and the Wuppertal Institute and International Climate Initiative (IKI) of the German Federal Ministry for the Environment

#2MinRead #PT2020

International Transport Forum (ITF)

- Formed in 2006 by 43 countries.
- Headquarter - in Paris, France.
- It is an intergovernmental organisation within the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) with 60 member countries.

- It acts as a think tank for transport policy and organises the Annual Summit of transport ministers.

- ITF is the only global body that covers all transport modes.
- The ITF is administratively integrated with the OECD, yet politically autonomous.