#MainsFodder #PT2021
Antarctic Ozone Hole
- According to World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Antarctic ozone hole has closed.
Reasons:
1. The expansion of the hole was driven by a strong, stable and cold polar vortex and very cold temperatures in the stratosphere.
2.As the temperatures high up in the stratosphere start to rise, ozone depletion slows; the polar vortex weakens and breaks down.
3. Human-made chemicals migrate into the stratosphere and accumulate inside the polar vortex.
4. It begins to shrink in size as warmer temperatures dominate.
Antarctic Ozone Hole
- According to World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Antarctic ozone hole has closed.
Reasons:
1. The expansion of the hole was driven by a strong, stable and cold polar vortex and very cold temperatures in the stratosphere.
2.As the temperatures high up in the stratosphere start to rise, ozone depletion slows; the polar vortex weakens and breaks down.
3. Human-made chemicals migrate into the stratosphere and accumulate inside the polar vortex.
4. It begins to shrink in size as warmer temperatures dominate.
#MainsFodder #PT2021
Ammoniacal Nitrogen in Yamuna
News: A study group has been constituted to discuss the issue of increase in Ammonical Nitrogen in River Yamuna.
Functions:
1. Will review uniform monitoring protocol and requirement of strengthening monitoring mechanism
2. It analyse past data and carry out field survey to identify critical hotspots and period of high anomia levels.
3. Ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) is a measure for the amount of ammonianfound in landfill leachate and in waste products.
Uses:
1. A measure of the health water in natural bodies such as rivers or lakes etc.
Major bodies include:
1. Delhi Jal Board
2. Haryana State Pollution Control Board
3. Delhi Pollution Control Committee
4.Irrigation and Water Resources Department, Haryana
5.Irrigation and Flood Control Department, Delhi.
- It was agreed to constitute a Joint Surveillance Squad.
Ammoniacal Nitrogen in Yamuna
News: A study group has been constituted to discuss the issue of increase in Ammonical Nitrogen in River Yamuna.
Functions:
1. Will review uniform monitoring protocol and requirement of strengthening monitoring mechanism
2. It analyse past data and carry out field survey to identify critical hotspots and period of high anomia levels.
3. Ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) is a measure for the amount of ammonianfound in landfill leachate and in waste products.
Uses:
1. A measure of the health water in natural bodies such as rivers or lakes etc.
Major bodies include:
1. Delhi Jal Board
2. Haryana State Pollution Control Board
3. Delhi Pollution Control Committee
4.Irrigation and Water Resources Department, Haryana
5.Irrigation and Flood Control Department, Delhi.
- It was agreed to constitute a Joint Surveillance Squad.
#MainsFodder #PT2021
Toycathon 2021
- It is a hackathon
- Launched by the Ministry for Women & Child Development and Textiles and Ministry of Education.
- Aim:
1. To conceptualize innovative toys based on the Indian value system
Key features:
- These toys will inculcate the positive behaviour and good value among the children.
- This is the first time when school children will innovate, design and conceptualize toys also for especially abled ‘divyang children’.
Function:
- To create awareness about safe toys which are not harmful chemically.
- School, college students will get together for developing toys and games that are based on Indian culture and ethos, etc.
Toycathon 2021
- It is a hackathon
- Launched by the Ministry for Women & Child Development and Textiles and Ministry of Education.
- Aim:
1. To conceptualize innovative toys based on the Indian value system
Key features:
- These toys will inculcate the positive behaviour and good value among the children.
- This is the first time when school children will innovate, design and conceptualize toys also for especially abled ‘divyang children’.
Function:
- To create awareness about safe toys which are not harmful chemically.
- School, college students will get together for developing toys and games that are based on Indian culture and ethos, etc.
#MainsFodder #PT2021
Caracal
- News: It has been included into the list of critically endangered species by the National Board of Wildlife.
- It is a medium size wild cat found in parts of Rajasthan and Gujarat.
Key points:
- It will be conserved with financial support under the centrally sponsored Scheme - Development of Wildlife Habitat.
- IUCN status - Least Concern.
Endangered due to :
1. Rapid loss of scrub and thorn habitat
2. Unchecked human activates in the caracals habitat.
Caracal
- News: It has been included into the list of critically endangered species by the National Board of Wildlife.
- It is a medium size wild cat found in parts of Rajasthan and Gujarat.
Key points:
- It will be conserved with financial support under the centrally sponsored Scheme - Development of Wildlife Habitat.
- IUCN status - Least Concern.
Endangered due to :
1. Rapid loss of scrub and thorn habitat
2. Unchecked human activates in the caracals habitat.
#MainsFodder #PT2021
Ladakh Committee
- The Centre has decided to form a committee.
- Aim: to protect the language, culture and land of Union Territory of Ladakh.
Significance:
- This will ensure citizen's participation in the development of Ladakh.
Key features:
- The Committee will be headed by the Minister of State for Home.
- It will include
1. Elected representatives from Ladakh
2. Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council
3. Central government
4. The Ladakh administration.
Ladakh Committee
- The Centre has decided to form a committee.
- Aim: to protect the language, culture and land of Union Territory of Ladakh.
Significance:
- This will ensure citizen's participation in the development of Ladakh.
Key features:
- The Committee will be headed by the Minister of State for Home.
- It will include
1. Elected representatives from Ladakh
2. Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council
3. Central government
4. The Ladakh administration.
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Digicate IAS
Digicate IAS | By V V Ronge Patil
Digicate IAS is an online learning platform for India’s elite civil services examination conducted by UPSC. We aspire to bring more equitable and fair competition in the UPSC CSE examination by reaching out to remotest corners of the country.
#MainsFodder #PT2021
India-Mangolia Relationship
News: India and Mongolia have reviewed bilateral cooperation in hydrocarbons and steel sectors.
Key Points
1. Timely completion of the Mongol Refinery Project, the country’s 1st oil refinery.
2. Mongolian companies in supplying coking coal to Indian steel industry.
3. Substantial partnerships with Mongolian companies in the areas of minerals, coal and steel.
4. Further share expertise in the oil and gas sector.
India-Mangolia Relationship
News: India and Mongolia have reviewed bilateral cooperation in hydrocarbons and steel sectors.
Key Points
1. Timely completion of the Mongol Refinery Project, the country’s 1st oil refinery.
2. Mongolian companies in supplying coking coal to Indian steel industry.
3. Substantial partnerships with Mongolian companies in the areas of minerals, coal and steel.
4. Further share expertise in the oil and gas sector.
#MainsFodder #PT2021
South African variant of Coronavirus.
News: Recently WHO has raised a concern over the South African variant of Coronavirus.
Key Points
1. Named the variant 501Y.V2.
2. Also found in the new strain that the UK.
3. Phylogenetic analysis has shown that 501Y.V2 from South Africa are different virus variants.
- Concerns: Monoclonal antibodies that were effective against SARS-CoV2 are less effective against the South Africa variant.
In India:
- India reported a total of 82 persons with new UK mutant strain
- There are no reports on the South African mutant.
Other Mutation:
1.D614G Mutation
2.N501Y mutant
South African variant of Coronavirus.
News: Recently WHO has raised a concern over the South African variant of Coronavirus.
Key Points
1. Named the variant 501Y.V2.
2. Also found in the new strain that the UK.
3. Phylogenetic analysis has shown that 501Y.V2 from South Africa are different virus variants.
- Concerns: Monoclonal antibodies that were effective against SARS-CoV2 are less effective against the South Africa variant.
In India:
- India reported a total of 82 persons with new UK mutant strain
- There are no reports on the South African mutant.
Other Mutation:
1.D614G Mutation
2.N501Y mutant
#MainsFodder #PT2021
Autonomous State in Assam
News: Demand for implementation of article 244A within Assam.
- Autonomous State for the Karbi Anglong region.
- Background: This has been a demand since 1986.
- Current position: The districts are currently governed by two autonomous councils Karbi Anglong and North Cachar hills.
Article 244A: Formation of an autonomous state comprising certain tribal areas in Assam and creation of local legislature or Council of Ministers or both therefore.
Autonomous State in Assam
News: Demand for implementation of article 244A within Assam.
- Autonomous State for the Karbi Anglong region.
- Background: This has been a demand since 1986.
- Current position: The districts are currently governed by two autonomous councils Karbi Anglong and North Cachar hills.
Article 244A: Formation of an autonomous state comprising certain tribal areas in Assam and creation of local legislature or Council of Ministers or both therefore.
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Digicate IAS | By V V Ronge Patil
Digicate IAS is an online learning platform for India’s elite civil services examination conducted by UPSC. We aspire to bring more equitable and fair competition in the UPSC CSE examination by reaching out to remotest corners of the country.
#MainsFodder #PT2021
Thousand Islands
- Also known as Kepulauan Seribu
- Location: Chain of islands north of Jakarta’s coast, Indonesia.
Key points:
- There are exactly 110 islands that together form a District.
- It encompasses the Pulau Seribu National Marine Park.
- These islands are initially caused by the volcanoes.
- Later, the shifting of tectonic plates results in group of small islands.
Thousand Islands
- Also known as Kepulauan Seribu
- Location: Chain of islands north of Jakarta’s coast, Indonesia.
Key points:
- There are exactly 110 islands that together form a District.
- It encompasses the Pulau Seribu National Marine Park.
- These islands are initially caused by the volcanoes.
- Later, the shifting of tectonic plates results in group of small islands.
#MainsFodder #PT2021
Saguna Rice Technique (SRT)
- This technique will help stop the stubble burning in Punjab and Haryana.
- This zerotill technique is a unique Conservation Agriculture type of cultivation method.
Useful:
- This method is used to cultivate rice.
- It related with rotation crops without ploughing, puddling and transplanting rice.
- Facilitates planting of crop in predetermined distances enabling precise plant population per unit area.
Saguna Rice Technique (SRT)
- This technique will help stop the stubble burning in Punjab and Haryana.
- This zerotill technique is a unique Conservation Agriculture type of cultivation method.
Useful:
- This method is used to cultivate rice.
- It related with rotation crops without ploughing, puddling and transplanting rice.
- Facilitates planting of crop in predetermined distances enabling precise plant population per unit area.
#MainsFodder #PT2021
India’s GDP 2020-2021
- Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation released the First Advance Estimates for the financial year 2020-2021.
Key points
- India’s GDP will contract by 7.7% in 2020-21.
- Gross Fixed Capital Formation accounts for close to 28% of India’s GDP.
- Private demand and business demand account for almost 85% of all GDP.
- Private Final Consumption Expenditure constitutes over 56% of the total GDP.
India’s GDP 2020-2021
- Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation released the First Advance Estimates for the financial year 2020-2021.
Key points
- India’s GDP will contract by 7.7% in 2020-21.
- Gross Fixed Capital Formation accounts for close to 28% of India’s GDP.
- Private demand and business demand account for almost 85% of all GDP.
- Private Final Consumption Expenditure constitutes over 56% of the total GDP.
#Essay #Ethics
Quotes by Swami Vivekananda
1. We are what our thoughts have made us; so take care about what you think. Words are secondary. Thoughts live; they travel far.
2. Arise,awake and donot stop until the goal is reached.
3. You have to grow from the inside out. None can teach you, none can make you spiritual. There is no other teacher but your own soul.
4. The world is the great gymnasium where we come to make ourselves strong.
5. Truth can be stated in a thousand different ways, yet each one can be true.
6. External nature is only internal nature writ large.
Quotes by Swami Vivekananda
1. We are what our thoughts have made us; so take care about what you think. Words are secondary. Thoughts live; they travel far.
2. Arise,awake and donot stop until the goal is reached.
3. You have to grow from the inside out. None can teach you, none can make you spiritual. There is no other teacher but your own soul.
4. The world is the great gymnasium where we come to make ourselves strong.
5. Truth can be stated in a thousand different ways, yet each one can be true.
6. External nature is only internal nature writ large.
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Surprise Offer extended for 1 Day
Strive Prelims Test Series only @Rs 999
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#MainsFodder #PT2021
Virunga National Park
- Location: Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)
- In News: Six rangers have been killed here
- Established in 1925
- Africa’s first national park
Famous for its mountain gorillas.
- It borders Volcanoes National Park in Rwanda and Rwenzori Mountains National Park and Queen Elizabeth National Park in Uganda.
- UNESCO designated World Heritage Site since 1979.
Virunga National Park
- Location: Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)
- In News: Six rangers have been killed here
- Established in 1925
- Africa’s first national park
Famous for its mountain gorillas.
- It borders Volcanoes National Park in Rwanda and Rwenzori Mountains National Park and Queen Elizabeth National Park in Uganda.
- UNESCO designated World Heritage Site since 1979.
#MainsFodder #PT2021
Cherry Blossom Mao Festival
- In Manipur StateHeld at Mao area of Senapati district.
- Marking the beginning of pink season in the district.
- The Mao area is known for Cherry Blossom plant.
- Manipur government started organizing the festival from 2017.
- The festival featured the picturesque landscape of Mao town adorned with Cherry Blossom flowers.
Cherry Blossom Mao Festival
- In Manipur StateHeld at Mao area of Senapati district.
- Marking the beginning of pink season in the district.
- The Mao area is known for Cherry Blossom plant.
- Manipur government started organizing the festival from 2017.
- The festival featured the picturesque landscape of Mao town adorned with Cherry Blossom flowers.
#MainsFodder #PT2021
Culling
- It is the mass slaughter of domestic poultry birds to contain the spread of bird flu.
- Aim: Protecting humans, ever since the first transmission to humans in 1997.
- All domestic birds in an infected area are slaughtered and their remains buried.
In India.
- It is done in a radius one km from the site of infection.
- Cervical dislocation or neck-wringing method is to be used for culling.
Culling
- It is the mass slaughter of domestic poultry birds to contain the spread of bird flu.
- Aim: Protecting humans, ever since the first transmission to humans in 1997.
- All domestic birds in an infected area are slaughtered and their remains buried.
In India.
- It is done in a radius one km from the site of infection.
- Cervical dislocation or neck-wringing method is to be used for culling.