A: Lydia and undefined
B: Lydia and ReferenceError
C: ReferenceError and 21
D: undefined and ReferenceError

// 2. Problem Solving

What will be the output ?

for (var i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
setTimeout(() => console.log(i), 1);
}

for (let i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
setTimeout(() => console.log(i), 1);
}

A: 0 1 2 and 0 1 2
B: 0 1 2 and 3 3 3
C: 3 3 3 and 0 1 2

Explained Answer will be posted Tomorrow EOD ✌️

Answer: C
Because of the event queue in JavaScript, the setTimeout callback function is called after the loop has been executed. Since the variable i in the first loop was declared using the var keyword, this value was global. During the loop, we incremented the value of i by 1 each time, using the unary operator ++. By the time the setTimeout callback function was invoked, i was equal to 3 in the first example.
In the second loop, the variable i was declared using the let keyword: variables declared with the let (and const) keyword are block-scoped (a block is anything between { }). During each iteration, i will have a new value, and each value is scoped inside the loop.

// 3. Problem Solving

What's the output?

const shape = {
radius: 10,
diameter() {
return this.radius * 2;
},
perimeter: () => 2 * Math.PI * this.radius,
};

console.log(shape.diameter());
console.log(shape.perimeter());

A: 20 and 62.83185307179586
B: 20 and NaN
C: 20 and 63
D: NaN and 63

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Answer: B

20 and NaN

Note that the value of diameter is a regular function, whereas the value of perimeter is an arrow function.
With arrow functions, the this keyword refers to its current surrounding scope, unlike regular functions! This means that when we call perimeter, it doesn't refer to the shape object, but to its surrounding scope (window for example).
There is no value radius on that object, which returns NaN.

Answer: A
The unary plus operator tries to convert an operand to a number. true is 1, and false is 0.
The string 'Lydia' is a truthy value.
By using the not operator at the beginning of truthy value it became false.

Answer: A
In JavaScript, all object keys are strings (unless it's a Symbol). Even though we might not type them as strings, they are always converted into strings under the hood.
JavaScript interprets (or unboxes) statements. When we use bracket notation, it sees the first opening bracket [ and keeps going until it finds the closing bracket ]. Only then, it will evaluate the statement.
mouse[bird.size]: First it evaluates bird.size, which is "small". mouse["small"] returns true
However, with dot notation, this doesn't happen. mouse does not have a key called bird, which means that mouse.bird is undefined. Then, we ask for the size using dot notation: mouse.bird.size. Since mouse.bird is undefined, we're actually asking undefined.size. This isn't valid, and will throw an error similar to Cannot read property "size" of undefined.

Answer: A
In JavaScript, all objects interact by reference when setting them equal to each other.
First, variable c holds a value to an object. Later, we assign d with the same reference that c has to the object.
When you change one object, you change all of them.

7. What's the output?
let a = 3;
let b = new Number(3);
let c = 3;
console.log(a == b); console.log(a === b); console.log(b === c);

A: true false true
B: false false true
C: true false false
D: false true true

Answer: C
new Number() is a built-in function constructor. Although it looks like a number, it's not really a number: it has a bunch of extra features and is an object.
When we use the == operator, it only checks whether it has the same value. They both have the value of 3, so it returns true.
However, when we use the === operator, both value and type should be the same. It's not: new Number() is not a number, it's an object. Both return false.

8. What's the output?

class Chameleon {
static colorChange(newColor) {
this.newColor = newColor;
return this.newColor;
}

constructor({ newColor = 'green' } = {}) {
this.newColor = newColor;
}
}

const freddie = new Chameleon({ newColor: 'purple' });
console.log(freddie.colorChange('orange'));

A: orange
B: purple
C: green
D: TypeError