PAIR ABUTEMENT
الpair ABUTEMENT واقعة بين two edentiolus spaces
وبيكون معانا abutement tooth نهاية كل edentiolus space ، والpair abutement تكون تحت تاثير قوة الشد الناتجة من الtwo abutement
فإذا كانت:-
• sound pier abutement with no periodontal problems
نستخدم معاها ال fixed movable bridge, وهذا يحتوي على rigid connector في جهة وnon rigid connector في جهة اخرى لكسر ال stress اللي تتعرض له ال pier abutement. لانه ال non rigid connector
يسمح بحركة بسيطة على عكس الrigid connector يكون ثابت.

لكن اذا كانت:-
• pier abutement suffer from periodontal problems and undergo some mobility
بهذه الحالة نستخدم ال fixed- fixed bridge
لأنه السن أصلآ فيها periodontal problem
وفيها حركة، فالحركة الناشئة من الnon rigid connector بتزيد المشكلة.
لذلك نستخدم الfixed- fixed bridge
لأنه يعمل. splinting او تدعيم للأسنان، وبيخفف مشكلة الperiodontal.

1. Restoration that replaces one or more teeth and can’t be removed by the patient
a. Fixed prosthodontics
b. Fixed partial denture
c. Crown
d. None

2. Which of the following has more retention and resistance
a. Inlays b. Partial veneer c. Full metal crown

3. Abutment is
-supports the bridge on which retainer is cemented

4. Steps of restoration
-primary impression, LA, grooves , occlusal/incisal reduction, labial, lingual, proximal, finishing and smoothening

5. Gingival retraction
True, false ( horizontal space instead of vertical)

6. Preparation parallel or slightly tapered improves
-improve retention and path of insertion

7. صوره على path of insertion وأيهما صح
-figure 1

8. سوال على نفس الصوره : all true except
-indirect vision

9. Reduction of tooth surface providing space from opposing occlusal surface
-occlusal clearance

10. Figure shows preparation of what tooth structure
-Mandibular Molar

11. Choice of restoration for this preparation
⁃ Full metal crown
(هنا مش ذاكره الترتيب بالضبط بس الفكره موجوده)
12. #1 of the figure planar occlusion indicates for
⁃ structural durability
13. #2 of the figure indicates
⁃ Beveled functional cusp and buccal cusp
14. #3 groove on buccal surface
⁃ seating groove for retention and resistance
15. #4 Axial reduction
-retention and resistance

16. Disadvantage of Supra-gingival all except
-usually situated on hard enamel ...etc (ذَا advantage )

17. Mixed over large area to dissipate exothermic heat
-zinc phosphate

18. In elastic impression material
-impression compound

19. Tear strength for impression material is highest for
-polysulphide

20. Impression material used to record prepared areas on abutment teeth
-low viscosity

21. Immediate pouring of impression is most critical
-condensation silicone

22. Palladium is added to addition silicone
-acts as a scavenger absorbs hydrogen

23. Impression with least dimensional change upon disinfection
-addition silicone

24. كان في سوال على preservation of period peridontinum بس ناسيه سيغة السؤال

25. Tooth structure lost by caries trauma, and no other restoration can be used
-full metal crown

26. Porcelain fused to metal....except
-excellent esthetics

27. Finishing line of full metal
-chamfer

28. سوال على agar agar
a. Cost b. Special instrumentation
c. Difficult in impression pouring
d. ??

29. Acceptable marginal fits Gould be within
-none (في الملزمه مكتوب 10 Mm metal 50Mm porcelain)