Decoding World Affairs
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European Union is currently facing challenges from inside as well as outside

Inside EU

[1] Core Vs Periphery: Core countries like France and Germany view EU as an organisation with the basic purpose to maintain strong economy. However, PIIGS countries including Portuguese and Greece do not agree with it and believed in social welfare programmes.

[2] Old Europe Vs New Europe: Old Europe who joined before cold war. New Europe who joined after cold war - largely eastern Europe. There is a big difference in their value system. Therefore, values clash are seen. That's why Turkey's admission in EU is not encouraged.

Outside EU

[1] Influence of China and Russia: Hungary in EU is seen as close to China and Russia. Consequently, Hungarian PM Viktor Orban in December 2023 blocked 50 billion euros ($55 billion) in EU aid for Ukraine. During pandemic, Hungary and Serbia were seen very close to China on "Corona Virus debate".

[2] Political instability in middle east: EU countries are divided between those backing calls for a ceasefire in Gaza in 2023 — supported by the overwhelming majority of the UN General Assembly — and those supporting the stance of Israel and the U.S. that a ceasefire would bind Israel’s hands as it tries to destroy Hamas.

[3] Uncertainty of USA: France openly said that EU can't rely on US for security. The role of Britain in the EU had been seen as an "agent" of US in EU that used to keep check on EU on the line US dictums.

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🎖 Holistic coverage of recent five popular affairs👇

[1] What has India done, so far, to get back PoK from Pakistan 👉
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hUtHkbHqiWQ

[2] Why India didn't attack Pakistan after 26/11 Mumbai attacks 2008? 👉
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uT2BqgG17Dg

[3] Why does the US always support Israel? 👉
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QMsuD-iuvE8

[4] Should youngsters work 70 hours a week? Assessing Narayana Murthy's proposition 👉
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y9VABLhuCfs&t=416s

[5] Why did Qatar court sentence 8 ex-Indian Navy officers to death? 👉
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O4xS4CPzMLw&t=115s

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Let's connect the dots...
What are main causes of Russia-Ukraine crisis?

[1] Expansion of NATO: Vladimir Putin says ‘problems’ started with Finland after it joined NATO. Finland, which shares a 1,340-kilometre border with Russia, joined NATO in April this year in the midst of Moscow’s Ukraine offensive. Russia insists that there was an agreement not to expand NATO eastwards after the end of the USSR that US violated.

[2] Ukraine was part of Soviet: The historical ties between Russia and Ukraine are complex, and the Soviet era plays a significant role. Ukraine was a part of the Soviet Union until its dissolution in 1991. Afterwards, it went close the western bloc.

[3] Disputes of gas trade: Gas pipelines from Russia to Europe goes through Ukraine. Russia has, at times, used its control over gas supplies as a political tool, affecting Ukraine's economy.

[4] Cultural overlap: There are regions in Ukraine where Russian is widely spoken (E.g. southern parts of Odesa), leading to debates over cultural and linguistic influences similar to Pashtuns between Pakistan and Afghanistan. Russia tries to counter western influence through linguistic forces in Ukraine. That's why pro-Russian separatist groups are found in eastern region.

[5] Thrust to sphere of influence: Ukraine's desire to move closer to the European Union and NATO has been a source of tension with Russia. The US and EU has imposed sanction on Russia after Crimea and Ukraine clashes. Russia sees these moves as a threat to its sphere of influence in the region.

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1. Visionary decision making happens at the intersection of intuition and logic.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_IrVJgJx-XA&feature=youtu.be

▶️ CHAPTERS
(1) Background of office of Governor
(2) Why tensions between Governor and CMs are rising?
(3) Rationale behind office of Governor
(4) What should be done to correct friction between states and Governor?

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Functional constraints in the office of Governor

[1] Option of withholding assent: If the Governor thinks that a Bill contains unconstitutional provisions, the only option for him is to send it back to the Assembly for reconsideration. If COM sent back again to Governor, then he has to give assent. When the Tamil Nadu Assembly after reconsideration sent the Bills to the Governor without accepting any amendments. The Governor sent all those Bills to the President for his consideration.

[2] Delaying assents: It has been common practice by some Governors not to take any decision on the Bills sent to them for assent. They have been sitting on Bills for two or three years, virtually negating the legislative exercises of the State.

[3] Reserving Bills for president as unitary feature: Since consideration by the President means consideration by the Union govt, it shows an unitary effect in legislation. The Bills which derogate from the powers of the High Court in such a way as to endanger the constitutionally designed position of that court, should be referred to president.

[4] Ordinance making power: The Governor - under Article 213 - can promulgate an ordinance only with instructions from the President in a case where he would have deemed it necessary to reserve a Bill containing the same provisions as in the ordinance.

[5] Issue of concurrent subject: A Bill on a Concurrent subject can be or needs to be sent to the President for assent only if it contains provisions repugnant to an existing central law.

[6] Role of opposition or head of state: It is not about right or wrong, it is about the respective domain. For e.g. opposing bill should be done by the opposition in the first place. Instead, if majoritarianism dominate over constitutionality, court would look into it and not governor or president.

[7] Tyranny of unelected: A Governor is not personally responsible for anything done by the government. The government is chosen by the people and they are accountable to people. Therefore, governor should not excite the her domain.

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Forwarded from The motivated Thinker
Why Israel is important for India?

[1] Military Technology: Israel is a major supplier of military technology and equipment to India. The defense ties between the two nations have strengthened over the years.

[2] Common Security Concerns: India and Israel share common concerns about regional stability and security. Their strategic partnership allows them to collaborate on various fronts, including defense, intelligence, and diplomatic efforts.

[3] Technology Transfer: Israel is known for its expertise in areas such as agriculture, water management, and technology. India has benefited from collaborations and technology transfers in these fields.

[4] Diaspora Connections: Both India and Israel have significant diaspora communities in each other's countries. This cultural link enhances people-to-people ties and contributes to a better understanding between the two nations.

[5] Cooperation in Energy Sector: India and Israel have explored opportunities for cooperation in the energy sector, including research and development in renewable energy, which is crucial for India's growing energy needs.

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Source: TOI
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Let's connect the dots...
How can UN bring peace in the world?

[1] Peacekeeping Operations (PKOs): The UN deploys peacekeeping forces to areas of conflict to help maintain or restore peace. These forces, composed of military, police, and civilian personnel, are deployed with the consent of the conflicting parties.

[2] Diplomacy and Mediation: Through its various bodies, such as the Security Council and the Secretary-General, the UN engages in diplomatic initiatives and mediation to bring conflicting parties to the negotiating table and promote peaceful resolutions.

[3] Preventive Attempts: It involves early warning systems, conflict analysis, and preventive diplomacy. By addressing root causes and contributing factors, the UN aims to prevent conflicts from erupting.

[4] Imposing Sanctions: The UN Security Council has the authority to impose sanctions on countries or entities to pressure them into complying with international law or to prevent further conflict. Sanctions may include economic measures, arms embargoes, travel restrictions, or other measures.

[5] International Criminal Court (ICC): The ICC, established by the Rome Statute, is a permanent international court that prosecutes individuals for the most serious crimes, including genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity.

[6] Human Rights Monitoring: Specialized agencies, such as the UN Human Rights Council, investigate and report on human rights violations, contributing to the prevention and resolution of conflicts.

[7] Article 99 of the UN Charter: The Secretary-General may bring to the attention of the Security Council any matter which in his opinion may threaten the maintenance of international peace and security. Recently, UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres has invoked Article 99 of the UN Charter in a bid to establish a ceasefire in Gaza.

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🎖 Holistic coverage of recent five popular affairs👇

[1] Why Governor Vs CMs battle is raging in India? 👉
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_IrVJgJx-XA&t=3s

[2] What has India done, so far, to get back PoK from Pakistan 👉
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hUtHkbHqiWQ

[3] Why India didn't attack Pakistan after 26/11 Mumbai attacks 2008? 👉
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uT2BqgG17Dg

[4] Why does the US always support Israel? 👉
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QMsuD-iuvE8

[5] Should youngsters work 70 hours a week? Assessing Narayana Murthy's proposition 👉
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y9VABLhuCfs&t=416s


Get pdf files of above discussion - https://t.me/decodingworldaffairs/64

Do not miss out to learn these topics in details. Also do not forget to dial down the FREE Subscription for premium content: ▶️ http://bit.ly/dwa-youtube
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Decoding World Affairs pinned «🎖 Holistic coverage of recent five popular affairs👇 [1] Why Governor Vs CMs battle is raging in India? 👉 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_IrVJgJx-XA&t=3s [2] What has India done, so far, to get back PoK from Pakistan 👉 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hUtHkbHqiWQ…»
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United Nations has become a "toothless tiger". It is loosing legitimacy in the eyes of world under the leadership of current P5 countries.