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🚨June 13 2023 | Tuesday🚨

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Application Programming Interface (API)
- An interface that helps two applications share data with each other
- eg: if you login with gmail on CSEWhy substack, substack has used Google's API to collect your login data

Necrophilia
- Psychosexual disorder prompting morbid fascination with death and dead, more like an erotic attraction to corpses
- Not yet punishable in India but debate to criminalize this as an offence u/ IPC 297
- In Parmananad Katara v/s Union of India, SC ruled that dignity of a dead body must be maintained and respected while establishing a duty on the state to ensure decent cremation.

Pre Related

1. Svalbard Mission
- India-Norway first ever rocket launch from Svalbard in Norway (1997)
- Rohini Mk-II was flown; named Isbjorn-1 by Norway (meaning polar bear-I)
- Testimony of Indian relations with Scandinavian countries (See image next to see which countries are Scandinavia, Nordic and Baltic)

2. One Future Alliance
Indian imagination to form an alliance of like-minded nations to use tech to improve people's lives (connect it with keyword: Digital Public Goods)

3. Minimum Support Price is back in news. From crops to formulae, implications to way forward, it's a wide topic and MUST prepare for Mains 23 and Pre/Mains 24. Click here to revise in detail and make 1 page note

Quote
"When the world is in crisis, we must pledge-a pledge that's greater than crisis itself"

Reading Recommendations

IE
1. Biden's new geo-economics [Never miss anything from CR Mohan sir]
2. In old ties, a hopeful turn [Best article comprehensively covering latest India-Nepal ties by Ambassador Sharan, take a note in your GS2 notes]
3. Man acquitted of 'rape' of dead woman: What IPC says on necrophilia (GS2)
4. The middle class: a reality check [GS3: Economy]
5. Look for ways to adopt AI into audit techniques for effectiveness: CAG (page 19: amalgamation of tech and eco in GS3, pg 19)

TH
1. Same-sex marriage: morality vs equality (good article for GS4 and Essay although it's too philosophical. Can skip if you are a newbie)
2. Will Betelgeuse, the bright red giant star, blow up in your lifetime? (Learn how stars 'die' and which elements involved)

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Scandinavia, Nordic and Baltic

Which country is which? Best infographic to develop a visual memory

I have shared bumper jobs and internships (both Govt and private) shared today

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🚨June 14 2023 | Wednesday🚨

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1. Disinflation
- Decrease in inflation rates and opposite of reinflation
- It reflects decline in rate of increase in general price level of goods and services of GDP

2. US & UNESCO
- 2011: US stopped funding owing to Palestinian addition to UNESCO
- 2018: US completely pulled out of UNESCO
- 2023: $600mn to be paid in dues and join back owing to China's presence on shaping AI rules and others
- Not first time exit/return; happened in 1984 by POTUS Reagan and 2003 POTUS Bush rejoined

3. Mayon Volcano spewing heat steam in Albay, Philippines

Reading Recommendations

IE
1. Holes in the digital net [on CoWIN data hack, lookout for solutions]
2. A world to win [note on how Indians have the world to win]
3. El Nino and the Monsoon [Explains basics of ENSO, skip if you already know]
4. Why 2014 Arunachal law is facing protest [quick read for general awareness]
5. A stunted middle class (Part of 2 article series, one came y'day. Read these both to develop understanding on 'real' middle class)

TH
1. Musings of the frictions in India-Canada ties [Take a quick read for India-Canada ties, GS2]
2. Where anyone can be accused of Sedition [Counter view on sedition, GS2]
3. High burden of diabetes and BP in KL & WB [See maps for visual memory, GS3]
4. HAP to take AI governance global [Don't fret over it, just know what it is. This article is largely a speculation not final result]
5. Cancel culture: speaking truth to power or a form of mob vigilantism? [fun article to read for GS 1 Society]

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🚨June 15 2023 | Thursday🚨

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Stats

1. India has
- 18% of global population
- 11% arable land
- feeds ~81cr people u/ NFSA2013
- total storage capacity: 145 million metric tonne (MMT)
- total food production: 311 MMT

Reading Recommendations

IE
1. The grain storage plan that Govt has unveiled; and how can it help farmers [make a 1 page note from this, VERY Imp]
2. Learning in a cluster [GS3: policy]
3. Super rich leaving India, why wealthy migrate [Imp, understand for conceptual clarity]
4. The Senthil Balaji Case File [read this not for this case but to understand how system works. From lower court to higher, ED and other elements]
5. In Full Flow [GS2: International Organisations/IR]
6. Do check
- Page 10 for news on Africa G20 meet
- Page 15 for China in Palestine

TH
1. Male centric medicine is impacting female health [GS2: policy]
2. Why did Govt impose ceiling on wheat stocks? [GS2: Policy, GS3: Agriculture]
3. Status of transgenic crops in India [GS3: Agriculture]


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🚨June 16 2023 | Friday🚨

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Bibliometrics
Measurable aspects of the research like:
- Number of research papers published
- Citations and impact factors

Cyclone
1. Landfall
- Coming of cyclone over land after being on water, it's after landfall that it starts weakening since moisture supply over land is cut off
- In a landfall, the eye of the storm moves over coast

2. Direct hit
- Core of high winds hit the shore (but eye is still away)

Quotes
1. It is not logic that makes men reasonable nor the science of Ethics that makes men good - Oscar Wilde
2. Hunger is rural - three fourths of the world's poorest and food insecure people live in the rural areas - Alvaro Lario

Reading Recommendations

IE
1. A hand to the small farmer [Good solutions to quote in agri, relevant for both: GS2 & GS3]
2. Three years to Galwan [2 articles with same heading, read both]
3. When women travel free [GS1: Role of women, GS2: Policy]
4. Brij Bhushan case [note the IPC charges here w.r.t Crime against women]

TH
1. Reflections on AI, as friend or foe [GS2: Policy, GS3: Tech]
2. Jumpstarting the next phase of Indo-US ties [GS2: IR]
3. Are NCDs increasing in India?
4. Is university ranking system flawed? [read to understand how manipulations work here]


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🚨 CSE Why book club 📚 | Dehradun🚨

Friends, CSE Why Book Club is now in Dehradun for an offline book meetup 😍

This is an invite only Meetup on June 18. Fill this form for an invite ONLY if you’re in Dehradun🥰

(First priority to aspirants on Telegram. Haven’t announced this on Twitter yet, hurry! 🏃‍♀️)

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🚨June 17 2023 | Saturday🚨

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Collective Action
A way forward for the global food security (from PM's speech)

Pre Related

1. Defence Acquisition Council
- Highest decision making body in Defence Ministry
- It decides on policy and purchases of 3 services and Indian Coast Guard
- Chairman: Minister of Defence; formed post Kargil War

2. Fish Kill
- Mass killing of fishes due to low levels of dissolved oxygen
- Happens because of:
- warm waters (oxygen hard to dissolve in warm water)
- calm waters (wind and waves see Oxygen mixing in water)
- cloudy days (preventing photosynthesis by phytoplankton)

Reading Recommendations

IE
1. PM to visit US, Egypt, lead yoga day event at UN HQ [Front page; read to learn]
2. The world in WTO [Develop an understanding]
3. The Remittances Story [Best article on this topic]
4. The way out of deadlock [words on Punchhi Commission, GS2]
5. MSP, new varieties: behind success of chana and moong in the past decade [keep compiling all articles on MSP, make comprehensive notes once enough set]

TH
1. The path to a new and imminent US-Iran nuclear deal [just take an idea on what's happening]
2. Railway safety- listen to the voices from below [develop a rough understanding]


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🚨June 18 2023 | Sunday🚨

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Geofencing
Use of GPS, RFID or other technology to create a virtual geographic boundary. Meghalaya digital eye app has used this tech to have teachers be able to mark attendance only when in the school.

iCET
- Initiative on Critical and Emerging Technologies
- A Indo-US framework in areas like quantum computing, AI, wireless telecommunication, and semiconductors.

Light Pollution
- Excessive use of artificial outdoor light in the night.
- Disrupts natural patterns, increasing CO2, disrupts sleep and obscures night stars
- [Value addition] Remember India's first night sky sanctuary in Changthang Wildlife Sanctuary in Ladakh? Ladakh was chosen so because most other places had immense light pollution

Pre related

1. Tribes of Nilgiri
- Todas, Kotas, Kurumbas, Irulas

2. Read 'Sacred Spaces' in today's The Hindu. Checkout other such sacred places in North, NE and other parts of India from Google. Make a note! :)

Quote
1. The ways in which technology is designed, developed, governed and used should be shaped by democratic values, and respect for universal human rights

Reading Recommendations

IE
1. 2 news on front page (AU in G20 and PM Modi in US)
2. India's contribution to Global AI will not be trivial but significant [pg13]

TH
1. Digital eye deters proxy attendance [GS2: Policy implementation for efficiency, GS3 SnT, GS4 Ethics case study]
2. Fraudsters shatter Canadian dream of Punjab Youth [GS4: Case study]
3. Multiple spaceflights withs shorter recovery time affects brain [GS3: SnT, also read for Human body]
4. Cooler days, warmer nights in BBSR, Cuttack [GS1: Urbanization, GS3: Environment]
5. What's the India-US initiative on future tech? [GS2: IR, GS3: SnT]
6. How can India tackle its diabetes burden? [GS3: Health, take a note of stats, a rough read to understand the issue]
7. What does the alleged CoWIN data leak reveal? [take a rough read to understand the issue]
8. Banking on China [GS2: AIIB, IR]


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Friends, if you are preparing for UPSC, I have an important suggestion for you:
DEVELOP A READING HABIT📖

Best time to start reading is now if you are aspiring for 2024.

What to read?
I have made 7 book recommendations in this twitter thread to make it easy for you to pick which book to read to help with your UPSC Prep as well.

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https://twitter.com/CseWhy/status/1670412161175400449

Note: Suggesting some imp jobs for UPSC aspirants on @CSEWhyPlanB today 😄

🚨June 19 2023 | Monday🚨

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Bot
- Computer program to act as agent of a user or another computer program
- 'Automates' multiple tasks for the user/owner

Pre related

1. Miyawaki Forest Technique
- Japanese technique where 2-4 indigenous trees are planted within every sq m of plot
- Being this close, they shoot up quickly competing for sun; reaching full potential within 3 years
- Such forests manage the carbon levels of the local area, surface temp and soil fertility

2. Gandhi Peace Prize
- Jury headed by PM
- Given to acknowledge the "outstanding contribution towards social, economic, and political transformation through through non-violent and other Gandhian methods"
- Prize given since 1995 w/ ₹1 cr, plaque, citation, and handicraft/handloom item

Quote
To deny people their human rights is to challenge their very humanity - Nelson Mandela

Reading Recommendations

IE
1. Cross postings in army [pg 7]
2. New assignment for border guards, collect areas 2000 years history [pg7, GS3 Security; read to understand the rational]
3. Needed due diligence [GS2, PDP Bill/Digital India Bill]
4. A narrative in search of data [Inclusive Growth, can clip and add graphs to the notes]
5. What's in a name change? Right to life [GS2]
6. Paddy and the price of water [GS3: Agri]

TH
1. Responsibilities and the complexities of climate leadership
2. China's developmental security approach
3. The remarkable endurance of the Y chromosome, 'master of maleness'

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🚨June 20 2023 | Tuesday🚨

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Equitable burden sharing
A keyword for use in answers of: Refugees, financial distribution, cooperative federalism, finance commission, disaster management, geopolitics etc.

Debottleneck Infrastructure
A system thus put in place to offer clearances for smooth working of infra. (GS3: Infra, GS2: Governance)

Financial prudence
A practical way to deal with finances (relevant in GS3 Eco, govt. budgeting)

Ambassador car defence tech
A metaphoric key word to describe the tech of past from where we have to move to modernising the tech (militarily and non-militarily)

Merit and National Interest
Basis of Indian decisions in geopolitical situation based on case by case basis. (eg: Russian oil purchase)

Viksit Yuva Viksit Bharat
Self explanatory keyword

Qubits
A particle- like an electron; collection of particles, or a quantum system engineered to behave like a particles. All governed by rules of quantum physics

Phonons
Packets of vibrational energy behaving like packets of light energy using a beam splitter, qualify to act as qubits technically

Pre related

1. Mesolithic era paintings in Guntur, AP
- Ochre: Pigment made of clay, sand and ferric oxide
- Kaolinite: Soft, earthy and white mineral produced by chemical weathering of aluminium silicate minerals like feldspar
2. June 20: World Refugees Day
3. Only 3 world leaders have addressed US Congress twice: Winston Churchill, Nelson Mandela and now PM Modi
4. India gifts INS Kirpan to Vietnam, an indigenously built in-service missile corvette

Quote
1. Refugees need opportunities not handouts - Oscar Mundia (UNCHR India Chief)
2. The journey from friendship to ally is a short one and needs to be walked by both sides, here and now. - Stephen Cohen
3. Earth provides enough to satisfy every man's needs, but not every man's greed - Gandhi

Reading Recommendations

IE
1. India-US: Trade & Strategy [Must Read]
2. The diaspora moment [GS2 Diaspora]
3. KA's free bus rides for women: what the numbers on costs show
4. Everybody's rath yatra [Insight into how Police Bandobast works in tandem with tech]
5. Why Biparjoy's path was difficult to predict
6. Inflation at 100%, Argentinians make beeline to restaurants [interesting case study]

TH
1. A rising India, in waltz dance steps with the US [Must read]
2. Phonons on the chopping block: Are 'sound particles' quantum too? [Must Read]
3. Refugees as assets to their new countries [Good pointers]
4. A summit with substance
5. Archaeologist finds Mesolithic-era rock painting in Guntur [pg4]
6. India gifts INS Kirpan to Vietnam [pg 10]

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Doing an Ask Me Anything session on Twitter for next 35 minutes

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🚨June 21 2023 | Wednesday🚨

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1. Initiatives around Yoga (quote in mains answers)

- WHO, Ministry of AYUSH and major institutions developed mYOGA app to educate people about therapeutic benefits of yoga
- 150 Swami Vivekananda District Yoga Health Centres and 1.25 lac AYUSH health and wellness centres established
- Tele Yoga advisory developed by dept of AYUSH w/ NIMHANS, S-VYASA University
- 6 central universities have Yoga departments
- Vivekananda Yoga University, California: master's program in Yoga
- 3 universities in US, 1 each in China, UK, and Australia offers programs in Yoga
- National Yogasana Federation and World Yogasana Federation established to standardise and introduce yogasana based competitions at national/international level

2. Global Stock Take (GST)
- Mandated by Paris Agreement 2015; conducted every 5 years starting 2023
- Aim:
a) assess progress in fight against climate change
b) decide ways and means to enhance global action to bridge adequacy gap

3. India: Fellow democracy to US and strategic counterweight to China
- Keyword for GS2 IR: India-US relationship

4. Heat stroke
Happens when ambient temperature is so high that body is unable to sweat to regulate the core temperature which shoots up to 40 degrees

5. Heat Exhaustion
Happens when body sweats excessively to keep the core temperature low


Pre related

1. GEMCOVAC-OM
- India's first indigenous mRNA vaccine for Omicron

2. Mitigation Work Program
- Set up at COP26 in Glasgow 2021
- temporary emergency exercise focused on increasing emission cuts

Quote
Forever is composed of nows - Emily Dickinson

Reading Recommendations

IE
1. 'I present my country to world as my country is, and myself as I am' [pg 9]
2. No holding back [never miss any commentary from C. Raja Mohan sir]
3. At Bonn climate meet, old conflict- and some forward movement [Must read: GS3 SnT]
4. India-US: Trust & necessity [read in tandem with y'day article on same page in IE]
5. Heatwave deaths: why a heat stroke kill, and how to stay safe [Must read and make a page note for GS3]
6. Chess' IPL moment arrives with GCL [page 22]

TH
1. A people of an emerald isle, waiting with doosras [good pointers on history of Tamil-Sri Lankans and what's needed to have them become inclusive in Sri Lankan polity]
2. Semiconductor fab: unfinished agenda [learn the intricacies involved in semiconductor manufacturing]
3. What's contention b/w coal India and CCI [read just the gist and last para]
4. The climate lawsuit against delta airlines [read gist first for context and then para]

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🚨June 22 2023 | Thursday🚨

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Yoga Keywords
- Portable and Truly Universal
- Free from copyright and patents

Psychoeducational meetings
- Use as a solution/way forward in answers of society, ethics and essays

New Collective Quantified Goal
- termed as 'most important climate goal'
- Offer climate financing prior to 2025
- Pulls ceiling on commitment from developed countries
- supposed to anchor the evolving needs and priorities of developing countries based on scientific evidence

Pre related

1. NATO +5
- An arrangement of US, NATO with 5 countries: Australia, NZ, S. Korea, Japan and Israel
- A defence status to ensure defence transfer with little bureaucratic interference

2. Jeera and Unjha
- Largest wholesale market of Cumin (jeera): Unjha, Gujarat
- Prices shooting up due to low inventory and dip in production
- Most export of Jeera: China, Bangladesh, US, UAE, Pak, Saudi, Turkey
- Major producer: India (70%) with Syria, Turkey, UAE and Iran adding rest 30%
- Other pointers: crop is weather sensitive and thus limited countries grow it

3. State Visit
- A state visit is an honour US extended to most imp allies and friends of US
- POTUS Biden has only extended it to President Macron (France), PM Yoon Suk Yeol (S. Korea) and PM Modi (India) in his term till now
- State dinner at the state visit signifies courtesy, expression of goodwill, way of extending hospitality
- It brings old tradition of 'breaking bread' with the friends to seal a friendship

Quote
There is no private life which has not been determined by a wider public life - George Eliot

Reading Recommendations

IE
1. What Delhi can give Washington [GS2 IR]
2. Who pays for the clean up? [GS2 IR and GS3 Environment]
3. The majoritarianism slur
4. What's driving up cumin prices at Unjha, its largest wholesale market [GS3 Agri]
5. Why jet engine is a big deal [special focus on last 2 paragraphs]
6. Why draft livestock and livestock products Bill was withdrawn [even though bill is withdrawn, read to understand animal trade]
7. Maya city discovered in jungles of Mexico [pg 18]

TH
1. More HIT than miss in India-Nepal ties [GS2: India-Nepal ties]
2. Spare a thought for psychiatric caregivers too [GS1: Society, GS3: Health]
3. The gender gap in clinical trials and disease funding [Stark difference in gender norms]
4. Rethink the retention of sedition [GS2, Bit heavy article, read slowly to understand (or skip if you are new)]
5. What's NCQG? [Take a rough read, just]
6. Will US FED resume the rate hike cycles? [Special read: first para of 'what does a pause in rate hike mean'GS3: Economy]

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