I have added numbers to this map given in today's The Hindu

Now, you can check the bodies mentioned in point no. 2 of previous message and match them with these numbers to revise

Once you are done with mapping, react ❤️ to this message to tell me you are done!

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🚨April 13 2023 | Thursday🚨

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R2P: Responsibility to Protect
A doctrine popularised by UN Sec Gen Ban ki Moon w/ 3 pillars
1. Country’s own responsibility to protect its people
2. International community’s responsibility to help states meet this obligation
3. Duty to step in when mass atrocities are looming or already occurring

Panda diplomacy
- A Mao Zedong effort started in 1972
- China sends Pandas overseas for 10 years at a time
- 18 countries now have Pandas on 'loan' from China

Unique Land Parcel Identification Number
- 14 digit ID to every plot of land in country
- aka Bhu Aadhar (Aadhar for Land)
- Aimed at preventing land frauds and minimizing litigation stress related to land
- Land disputes litigation stalls projects costing 1.3% of GDP cost

JUICE Mission
- Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer by European Space Agency (to reach by 2031)
- To make detailed observations of giant gas planet and three large ocean bearing moons - Ganymede, Callisto and Europa (main focus: Ganymede; it generates own magnetic field)
- Try to understand origin, history and evolution of Jupiter
- It is NOT equipped to detect life but can look into conditions relevant to sustain life
- Other spacecrafts to examine Jupiter:
- Galileo (1995-2003) and Juno (still circling since 2016)
- NASA's Europa Clipper also to be launched in October and reach by 2030

Reading Recommendation

IE
1. Soft power lessons
2. Train to Kashmir (Just checkout safety issues and development benefits & infographic)

TH
1. Lesser known battles of Maoist women
2. Role of Parliamentary Committees (In place of reading this, revise the same topic from Laxmikant)


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350 ❤️ reacts on this post and I’ll share 2009-2022 unsolved Prelims PYQ Papers here for Free for all to practice as Mocks! 😍

350 ❤️ done!!!!!

Friends, you can download 2009-2022 UPSC Prelims Papers from the link below.

How to use them effectively for your prep?

1. Solve one paper everyday from 09:30-11:30am
2. Search for answer key online (say, “2021 UPSC Prelims Answer Key”
3. Match your answers and get the score
4. Revise PYQ notes of that year from my PYQ Notes. (Don’t have them? Write to whycse@gmail.com)


Link to PYQ Papers:

https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/10U8Rsqi5MPTbOv4cETam8bwisDQqNDS_?usp=share_link

Note: Struggling with Current Affairs? Get my daily CA compilation from point no. 2 of pinned message

🚨April 14 2023 | Friday🚨

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Bioluminescence
- A phenomenon which had Bheemili (Vishakhapatnam) beach illuminated
- Caused due to single celled organism dinoflagellates that produce light when disturbed
- A natural phenomenon seen in beaches, for the first time a large stretch seen illuminated

Dabba Trading
- Informal trading outside purview of stock exchanges
- No real transaction takes place (sort of gambling around stock price movement
- Illegal offence u/ Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act 1956

Commodities Transaction Tax
- Charges on exchange-traded commodity and its derivatives
- A type of financial transaction tax
- Aim: Decrease volatility and increase tax revenue for govt.
- Regulated by Dept. of Revenue, Ministry of Finance

Securities Transaction Tax
- A direct tax aka turnover tax
- Tax on gains made in domestic stock exchange on diff. securities' trade
- Paid in addition to transaction value

Kudmi
- A peasant community concentrated in Juglemahal hills or Chota Nagpur plateau of WB, JH and OD states
- Also found in Assam, N-W Bengal
- Included in ST during British time regarded as primitive tribe among likes of Munda, Oraon, Bhimij, Kharia, Santhal etc.
- Their language: Kurmali

Vibrant Villages Programme
- Launched in Kibithoo village of Arunachal Pradesh; announced in 2022 budget
- 4800 cr Central Sponsored Scheme from 2022-23 to 2025-26
- Aiming at comprehensive development of identified villages along India's norther border and improving quality of life of people living in them
- Development is aimed at reversing outmigration trend and boost security in border region
- In states of: Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, UT of Ladakh


Quote
Food is not rational. Food is culture, habit, craving and identity

Reading Recommendations

IE
1. Atiq Ahmed's son killed: What apex court, NHRC have said on encounters
2. Vibrant Villages Programme
Note: There are many articles on Ambedkar in today's IE, suit them as per your mains prep

TH
1. What's dabba trading and how does it affect the economy? (can do with reading the gist)
2. The rules for recognition as a national party (read to know rules and perks of national party)


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🚨April 15 2023 | Saturday🚨

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Flash Drought
Rapid depletion of soil moisture leading to a drought like situation within 1-2 weeks (drought takes months to develop unlike flash drought)

Commissioning Mother
A surrogate mother -OR- A biological mother who uses her egg to create an embryo implanted in any other woman

NISAR Satellite
- Jointly developed by ISRO and NASA (ISRO contributing 10% of cost)
- Aim: map earthquake prone Himalayas with unprecedented regularity

Indian Knowledge System
- Innovative cell u/ MoEducation
- To promote interdisciplinary research on diff aspects of IKS, preserve and disseminate IKS for further research and societal applications

University Grants Commission
- Statutory body under UGC Act 1956
- Mandate: to coordinate and maintain high standards of higher education in India
- Gives recognition and funds to the universities
- National Institute Ranking Framework and UGC NET u/ UGC


Reading Recommendations

IE
1. No oxygen for fake news
2. G20 and the Ukraine war


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🚨April 16 2023 | Sunday🚨

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Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR)

- Description: A conductor is sandwiched b/w 2 ferromagnetic materials; when materials are magnetized in same direction, electrical resistance in conductor is low. When directions are opposite to each other, resistance increases
- It is a result of electrical resistance of conductor being affected by magnetic fields in adjacent materials
- Used in HDDs and RAM in computers, biosensors, automotive sensors and medical imagers
- Graphene based GMR devices won't need to be cooled at low temperature to sense magnetic fields
- Graphene based device observed 100x higher magnetoresistance

Quote
Inequality is inter-wined with climate change - Ajay Banga

Reading Recommendations

TH
1. Magnetoresistance: One more thing graphene does differently
2. Straddling the spiritual and political (start with reading gist)


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Friends, I am getting a lot of queries about Daily CA Compilation

Respecting the sentiment, I am offering it for Just ₹149/- only till 11:00 pm today (Original Price: 199/-)

To avail the offer, make the transaction of ₹149/- at https://razorpay.me/@csewhy

FAQs
- It is compilation of all my daily Telegram messages since July 23, 2022 (not even one day missed)
- You get Google Doc link access for 18 months in just ₹149/- which will be updated regularly
- 209 pages till April 16 2023
- Access shared within 12 hours of the transaction
- Any queries? Write to whycse@gmail.com

Note: Befriend maps for UPSC 2023. Get my Visual Notes from point no. 1 of pinned message

🚨April 17 2023 | Monday🚨

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Ecotone
A transition area b/w two biological communities

Uttiramerur Inscription
- Uttiramerur is town in Kanchipuram district of TN
- Estd. 750 AD (as agrahara i.e. Brahmin village) by Pallava Nandivarman II
- Has historic temples built by Pallavas and Cholas
- Uttiramerur inscription from time of Parantaka Chola I on walls of Vaikunda Perumal Temple (Vishnu temple)
- (Temple built by Nandivarman II)
- Inscription speaks of system of village self governance & functioning of local sabha

Sickle Cell Anemia
- A genetic disorder
- RBCs' shape is distorted
- Abnormal Haemoglobin
- India has second highest incidence with 1/86 baby with SCA in tribal people
- Revise a bit more here


Vocabulary
Gadfly: A person who annoys or criticizes others in an order to provoke them into action

Reading Recommendations

IE
1. Living with El Nino (excellent article; also google to revise Indian Ocean Dipole)
2. A big fat problem in milk (beautiful article. Must read to understand technicalities)
3.Collecting Voice sample to aid investigation (a quick read, don't get into technicalities)
4. Army fighting paramilitary in Sudan - Why? (quick read for an idea, don't waste much time)

TH
1. [Must Read] On democratising tiger conservation (other side of story, read to form a 360 opinion)


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Before you go to sleep today, learn these practical tips from IPS Rajesh Mohan on how did he score 140+ in GS1 Prelims! 😮

https://youtu.be/ySmJhvZLCAI

Note: Get my Visual Notes to upgrade your Map preparation for UPSC Prelims from point no. 1 of Pinned Message.

🚨April 18 2023 | Tuesday🚨

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Darknet
Overlay network within internet that can only be accessed with specific software, and configurations. It uses unique customised communication protocol

Pre related

Kese Baganag
- Last habitable village
- Located in East Kameng district

NAFED
- National Agri Cooperative Marketing Federation of India Ltd.
- Founded Oct 02 1958 registered under Multi State Co-operative Societies Act 2002
- One of the largest procurement and marketing agencies for agri products in India

Indian Coast Guard
- estd. 1978 by Coast Guard Act 1978
- Independent Armed Force of India u/ MoD
- It is 4th largest Coast Guard in the world
- Voice to form ICG post 1971 war
- Blueprint came out in Rustamji Committee
- Motto वयम रक्षामः (Vayam Rakshamah) i.e. We Protect

Gond Painting
- Gond Painting of MP got GI tag
- Mainly done on floor and walls of house
- It uses natural colours obtained from sources like flowers, stones etc.
- Belief: Viewing a good image brings good luck (therefore, shows natural elements)

Wet Bulb Temperature (WBT)
- Lowest temperature to which air can be cooled by evaporation of water into air at constant pressure
- It is a limit considering heat and humidity. Beyond WBT, humans can't tolerate high temperatures
- It is temperature of adiabatic saturation (no heat lost or gained)

International Commission on Stratigraphy
- Body of geological timekeepers
- Largest and Oldest body in International Union of Geological Sciences
- Responsible to set global standards for fundamental scale for expressing earth's history
- Primary Objective: Define global units (basic units) of Geological time scale like 'Periods, Epoch and Age'


Quote and Vocab
- When injustice becomes law, resistance becomes duty - Thomas Jefferson
- Pernicious: Having harmful effect in a gradual way

Reading Recommendations

IE
1. Rule of International Law (article co authored by 27 diplomats)
2. Issues in same-sex marriage plea before the SC today (read to form an opinion. The Hindu has better article on same topic today)

TH
1. China Shenanigans on Arunachal Pradesh (note the examples u/ 'China's bogus claim, Indian history' paragraph. Will help in Mains answers)
2. Dealing with Extreme Heat (Very imp article for GS1 Urbanization)
3. The petitions around same sex marriage (read for forming an informed opinion from multi dimensional pov)
4. How coastal species are living on plastic debris in the ocean? (Make notes [VERY IMP Article])


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Golden Crescent and Golden Triangle sandwich India. The two 'shapes' are global hub of drug production

1. Crescent (3 countries)
Iran, Afghanistan & Pakistan

2. Triangle (4 countries, don't mistake to be 3 'cz of 'triangle')
Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam

Revise these Ocean Currents focusing on their Warm and Cold status

The Hindu is a leader in visual notes for UPSC aspirants. Revise India's export hubs using this beautiful map in today's TH

Today's both newspapers (The Hindu and Indian Express) are rich for UPSC aspirants. Took me a while to compile the notes and collect these 3 images.

Do appreciate my efforts with a ❤️ react 😄

Note: Just for today till 10:30 pm, get my Visual Notes for Just ₹179/- (original price 279/-) from point no. 1 of Pinned Message

🚨April 19 2023 | Wednesday🚨

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Civil Union
Legal status allowing same-sex couples specific rights and responsibilities which are normally conferred upon married couples. (but it is not a marriage)

International Committee of the Red Cross
- Geneva based humanitarian institution (since 1863)
- Won Nobel Prize in 1917, 1944 and 1963
- Mission: To alleviate human suffering, protect life and health, uphold human dignity
- Objective: Ensure protection and assistance for victims of armed conflict and strife

National Museum Institute
- Formed in 1989 u/ Societies Registration Act 1860
- Status: Deemed to be university
- Parent: Ministry of Culture
- Mandate: Lead training and research in field of art and cultural heritage
- Offers MA and Ph.D in History of Art, Conservation and Museology


Reading Recommendations

IE
1. Listening to Macron
2. Plan 'cries': Recalling JC Bose (What a beautiful article!)
3. Temperate highest in East, Central India, pockets of extreme heat in sizzling patch (revise Heatwave temperatures)

TH
1. Nagaland's Municipal tightrope (Start with reading the gist)
2. What're the latest developments in Yemen? (read just gist)


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Note: Struggling with Current Affairs? Get my daily CA compilation from point no. 2 of Pinned Message

🚨April 20 2023 | Thursday🚨

Revise Supreme Court Cases related to LGBTQ+ rights on blog: https://csewhy.substack.com/p/73-sc-cases-on-lgbtqia-rights

3C issues: COVID, Conflict and Climate
India's addressal areas as G20 President in realm of food security

Yellow Journalism
American term for journalism that presents no legitimate or well-researched news. Uses sensationalism, scandal-mongering or exaggeration

Deadnaming
- Naming a trans, non-binary, gender-expansive person with their old name before they adopted more self-affirming name
- Harmful for it refuses to acknowledge a person by their chosen name/pronouns (transphobia)
- Invalidates one's identity, might reveal personal information which person may not desire to be shared

Pre related

1. Goldilocks Zone
- Habitable zone in planet system with temperature not too high or low
- It optimal distance from a star where water can stay in liquid form on planet's surface
- The range of distance depends on temperature and size of the star
- Eg: Earth in habitable zone of the Sun but Mercury or Venus aren't

2. National Dairy Development Board
- founded 1965 by Dr V. Kurien @ Anand, GJ
- A statutory institute of National Importance; played major role in white revolution
- Set to replicate Amul's success to the whole of India. Also implements National Dairy Plan

3. Nutrition Advocacy in Public Interest (NAPi)
- National think tank on nutrition
- Brings several experts on same platform

4. State of World Population Report by UNFPA (UN Population's Fund)

5. Revise FSSAI here

Quotes
1. A computer would deserve to be called intelligent if it could deceive a human into believing that it was human - Alan Turing
2. Sweat saves blood, blood saves lives, but brains save both - Rommel
3. Moral courage is the ability to speak irrespective of consequences to yourself- Sam Manekshaw

Reading Recommendations

IE
1. Fear of falling, hope of rising [Imp]

TH
1. Why's a star-planet pair emitting radio signals? (read gist)



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Friends, I have updated the blog on National/State Party status detailing:

- The criteria to be a national/state party
- The perks given to national/state party

Take a quick 3 minutes read to revise the basics👇🏻

https://csewhy.substack.com/p/58-maths-of-nationalstate-party

Note: Best wishes of the Civil Servants Day! Struggling with Current Affairs? Don't delay, get your daily CA compilation from point no. 2 of my pinned message. May 28 is coming!

🚨April 21 2023 | Friday🚨


Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO)
- Intergovernmental Military alliance since 1992 (Tashkent Pact)
- 6 members: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Armenia, Belarus, Russia
- HQ: Moscow, Russia

Hakki Pikki (Mel Shikari) Tribe
- Hakki: Bird, Pikki: Catcher (Kannada word(s))
- Lives in west and south Indian states near forests
- 4 Clans: Gujaratia, Panwar, Kaliwala and Mewaras
- Monogamy is norm, follow Hindu traditions, have matriarchal society and prefer cross-cousin marriages

Water Census (First ever waterbody census)
- Waterbody: All natural/man-made units bounded on all sides with some or no masonry work; used for storing water for irrigation or other purposes
- WB has most ponds and reservoirs, Sikkim has least
- 7 states have 1 lac+ water bodies: WB, UP, AP, OD, AS, JH, TN
- 24.24 lac water bodies found in India

Abhilekh Patal
- A search web portal of National Archives of India
- Offers archival records available to scholars and users
- 1 cr+ digitized pages on the portal

Revise IAF Aircrafts here


Reading Recommendations

IE
1. Mega science, mega dreams (save this article, read for Mains later)
2. Steel frame to bhavna vriksh (by director of LBSNAA)
3. In first every waterbody census, Bengal tops (page 19)

TH
1. A new edge to the fight against TB


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