Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
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Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
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Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
*๐ก๏ธSmog-Eating Technology*
โ๏ธA photocatalytic technology based primarily on Titanium Dioxide (TiOโ).
โ๏ธWorks through coatings applied on roads, pavements, buildings, etc. to neutralize air pollutants.
*๐How it Works?*
โ๏ธTiOโ acts as a photocatalyst when exposed to sunlight/UV light.
โ๏ธConverts harmful gases like Nitrogen Dioxide (NOโ) & VOCs โ into nitrates, COโ & water.
โ๏ธCreates a โself-cleaningโ effect, breaking down pollutants on contact.
*๐Benefits*
โ๏ธReduces harmful pollutants (NOโ, hydrocarbons).
โ๏ธImproves public health by lowering toxic air exposure.
โ๏ธLow-maintenance, works passively under sunlight.
โ๏ธCan be integrated with existing urban infrastructure without major disruption.
*๐Challenges*
โ๏ธNeeds scientific validation under Indian/local conditions.
โ๏ธCost-effectiveness of large-scale application still debated.
โ๏ธConcerns about long-term durability of coatings & safe disposal of residues.
โ๏ธA photocatalytic technology based primarily on Titanium Dioxide (TiOโ).
โ๏ธWorks through coatings applied on roads, pavements, buildings, etc. to neutralize air pollutants.
*๐How it Works?*
โ๏ธTiOโ acts as a photocatalyst when exposed to sunlight/UV light.
โ๏ธConverts harmful gases like Nitrogen Dioxide (NOโ) & VOCs โ into nitrates, COโ & water.
โ๏ธCreates a โself-cleaningโ effect, breaking down pollutants on contact.
*๐Benefits*
โ๏ธReduces harmful pollutants (NOโ, hydrocarbons).
โ๏ธImproves public health by lowering toxic air exposure.
โ๏ธLow-maintenance, works passively under sunlight.
โ๏ธCan be integrated with existing urban infrastructure without major disruption.
*๐Challenges*
โ๏ธNeeds scientific validation under Indian/local conditions.
โ๏ธCost-effectiveness of large-scale application still debated.
โ๏ธConcerns about long-term durability of coatings & safe disposal of residues.
โค2
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
#Question:- With reference to Ocean Mean Temperature (OMT), which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. OMT is measured up to a depth of 26ยฐC isotherm which is 129 meters in the southwestern Indian Ocean during January โ March.
2. OMT collected during January โ March can be used in assessing whether the amount of rainfall in monsoon will be less or more than a certain long-term mean.
1. OMT is measured up to a depth of 26ยฐC isotherm which is 129 meters in the southwestern Indian Ocean during January โ March.
2. OMT collected during January โ March can be used in assessing whether the amount of rainfall in monsoon will be less or more than a certain long-term mean.
๐1
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
#Question:- With reference to Ocean Mean Temperature (OMT), which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. OMT is measured up to a depth of 26ยฐC isotherm which is 129 meters in the southwestern Indian Ocean during January โ March. 2. OMT collectedโฆ
Choose your Right Options?
Anonymous Poll
12%
a) 1 only
34%
b) 2 only
51%
c) Both 1 and 2
3%
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
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Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
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Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
*๐ก๏ธPermanent Settlement*
โ๏ธZamindari System was introduced by Cornwallis in 1793 through the Permanent Settlement Act.
โ๏ธIt was introduced in the provinces of Bengal, Bihar, Orissa and Varanasi.
Also known as Permanent Settlement System.
โ๏ธZamindars were recognized as the owner of the lands. Zamindars were given the rights to collect the rent from the peasants.
โ๏ธWhile the zamindars became the owners of the land, the actual farmers became tenants.
โ๏ธThe tax was to be paid even at the time of poor yield.
The tax was to be paid in cash. Before introducing this system, the tax could be paid in kind.
โ๏ธThe realized amount would be divided into 11 parts. 1/11 of the share belongs to Zamindars and 10/11 of the share belongs to East India Company.
โ๏ธZamindari System was introduced by Cornwallis in 1793 through the Permanent Settlement Act.
โ๏ธIt was introduced in the provinces of Bengal, Bihar, Orissa and Varanasi.
Also known as Permanent Settlement System.
โ๏ธZamindars were recognized as the owner of the lands. Zamindars were given the rights to collect the rent from the peasants.
โ๏ธWhile the zamindars became the owners of the land, the actual farmers became tenants.
โ๏ธThe tax was to be paid even at the time of poor yield.
The tax was to be paid in cash. Before introducing this system, the tax could be paid in kind.
โ๏ธThe realized amount would be divided into 11 parts. 1/11 of the share belongs to Zamindars and 10/11 of the share belongs to East India Company.
โค2
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
*President*
๐ธ The President must be a citizen of India, not less than 35 years of age and qualified for
election as a member of the Lok Sabha.
๐ธ His term of office is five years and he is eligible for re-election.
๐ธHis removal from office is to be in
accordance with procedure prescribed in Article 61 of the Constitution.
๐ธ The executive power of the Union is vested in the President and is exercised by him either directly
or through officersโ subordinate to him in accordance with the Constitution.
๐ธThe President summons, prorogues, addresses, sends messages to Parliament and dissolves
the Lok Sabha; promulgates Ordinances at any time, except when both Houses of Parliament are
in session.
๐ธ The President must be a citizen of India, not less than 35 years of age and qualified for
election as a member of the Lok Sabha.
๐ธ His term of office is five years and he is eligible for re-election.
๐ธHis removal from office is to be in
accordance with procedure prescribed in Article 61 of the Constitution.
๐ธ The executive power of the Union is vested in the President and is exercised by him either directly
or through officersโ subordinate to him in accordance with the Constitution.
๐ธThe President summons, prorogues, addresses, sends messages to Parliament and dissolves
the Lok Sabha; promulgates Ordinances at any time, except when both Houses of Parliament are
in session.
โค1
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
*๐ก๏ธNational Parks in Madhya Pradesh*
Madhya Pradesh is home to eleven national parks, each with distinctive ecosystems and wildlife. Here's an overview of the notable ones:
*๐1. Kanha National Park (Kanha Tiger Reserve)*
โ๏ธThe largest national park in the state (~940 kmยฒ) .
โ๏ธFamous for its barasingha (swamp deer) conservation success, as well as tigers, leopards, and dhole .
โ๏ธOffers well-structured safari experiences in lush sal and bamboo forests .
*๐2. Bandhavgarh National Park*
โ๏ธKnown for one of the highest tiger densities in India .
โ๏ธThe terrain includes ancient forts (Bandhavgarh Fort) and offers rich tiger sighting opportunities .
โ๏ธThe Oberoi Vindhyavilas lodge provides a luxurious safari stay that blends comfort with conservation .
*๐3. Pench National Park*
โ๏ธSpanning both Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra .
โ๏ธInspired Rudyard Kiplingโs The Jungle Book .
โ๏ธRich in biodiversity: tigers, leopards, sloth bears, and high herbivore density .
*๐4. Panna National Park*
โ๏ธLocated in Panna and Chhatarpur districts (~543 kmยฒ) .
โ๏ธKnown for a successful tiger restoration program, now hosting around 80 tigers .
โ๏ธEncompasses the scenic Ken River, gorges, plateaus, and crocodile habitats .
*๐5. Satpura National Park (Satpura Tiger Reserve)*
โ๏ธPart of the larger Satpura Tiger Reserve (~2,133 kmยฒ) that includes Satpura, Bori, and Pachmarhi areas .
โ๏ธOffers diverse landscapesโgorges, sandstone peaks, and river valleysโwith trekking, canoe, elephant, and walking safaris .
*๐6. Kuno National Park*
โ๏ธDeclared a national park in 2018 (~748โ1,188 kmยฒ, depending on source) .
โ๏ธKnown for the cheetah reintroduction project and ongoing efforts to revive populations of Indian wolves, jackals, and other dry deciduous forest species .
*๐7. Van Vihar National Park*
โ๏ธLocated in Bhopal (~4.5 kmยฒ); unique as a zoo-style protected area with animals in near-natural habitat and road-accessible trails .
โ๏ธDesigned for conservation and public education, serving as a green lung for the capital .
*๐8. Madhav National Park*
โ๏ธCovers around 337 kmยฒ in Shivpuri district .
โ๏ธKnown for boating, crocodile sightings, and birdwatching, with attractions like Sakhya and Madhav Sagar lakes .
*๐9. Fossil & Dinosaur Fossil National Parks*
โ๏ธGhughua Fossil Park: Small (~0.27 kmยฒ), protects ancient plant fossils .
โ๏ธDinosaur Fossil National Park: Around 108 kmยฒ, preserving fossilized dinosaur remains .
*๐10. Sanjay (Sanjay-Dubri) National Park*
โ๏ธArea ~467 kmยฒ; located in Sidhi and Singrauli districts .
โ๏ธIncludes Dubri region and has rich wildlife, including tigers and diverse bird species.
*๐Quick Reference Table*
*โ๏ธNational Park Area (approx.) Key Highlights*
โ๏ธKanha 940 kmยฒ Barasingha conservation, tigers, large reserve
โ๏ธBandhavgarh ~437โ1,536 kmยฒ High tiger density, historical fort, luxury safari stays
โ๏ธPench ~293โ758 kmยฒ Jungle Book setting, rich fauna, cross-state access
โ๏ธPanna ~543 kmยฒ Tiger restoration, scenic geology, crocodiles
โ๏ธSatpura ~2,133 kmยฒ Trekking, canoeing, walking safaris, diverse landscapes
โ๏ธKuno ~748โ1,188 kmยฒ Cheetah project, dry deciduous habitat
โ๏ธVan Vihar ~4.5 kmยฒ Urban zoo-like park in Bhopal
โ๏ธMadhav ~337 kmยฒ Boating, birding, lakes, crocodile sightings
โ๏ธFossil & Dinosaur Parks ~0.27โ108 kmยฒ Prehistoric fossil preservation
โ๏ธSanjay-Dubri ~467 kmยฒ Tiger habitat and forest in central MP
*โ๏ธFor unforgettable tiger sightings:* Bandhavgarh, Kanha, Pench, Panna.
*โ๏ธFor tranquil and rugged wilderness:* Satpura offers solitude and immersive experiences.
*โ๏ธFor conservation success stories:* Panna (tigers), Kuno (cheetahs).
*โ๏ธFor easy access in the capital:* Van Vihar in Bhopal.
*โ๏ธFor unique prehistoric interest:* Fossil and Dinosaur parks.
*โ๏ธFor boating or birding adventures:* Madhav and Panna.
Madhya Pradesh is home to eleven national parks, each with distinctive ecosystems and wildlife. Here's an overview of the notable ones:
*๐1. Kanha National Park (Kanha Tiger Reserve)*
โ๏ธThe largest national park in the state (~940 kmยฒ) .
โ๏ธFamous for its barasingha (swamp deer) conservation success, as well as tigers, leopards, and dhole .
โ๏ธOffers well-structured safari experiences in lush sal and bamboo forests .
*๐2. Bandhavgarh National Park*
โ๏ธKnown for one of the highest tiger densities in India .
โ๏ธThe terrain includes ancient forts (Bandhavgarh Fort) and offers rich tiger sighting opportunities .
โ๏ธThe Oberoi Vindhyavilas lodge provides a luxurious safari stay that blends comfort with conservation .
*๐3. Pench National Park*
โ๏ธSpanning both Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra .
โ๏ธInspired Rudyard Kiplingโs The Jungle Book .
โ๏ธRich in biodiversity: tigers, leopards, sloth bears, and high herbivore density .
*๐4. Panna National Park*
โ๏ธLocated in Panna and Chhatarpur districts (~543 kmยฒ) .
โ๏ธKnown for a successful tiger restoration program, now hosting around 80 tigers .
โ๏ธEncompasses the scenic Ken River, gorges, plateaus, and crocodile habitats .
*๐5. Satpura National Park (Satpura Tiger Reserve)*
โ๏ธPart of the larger Satpura Tiger Reserve (~2,133 kmยฒ) that includes Satpura, Bori, and Pachmarhi areas .
โ๏ธOffers diverse landscapesโgorges, sandstone peaks, and river valleysโwith trekking, canoe, elephant, and walking safaris .
*๐6. Kuno National Park*
โ๏ธDeclared a national park in 2018 (~748โ1,188 kmยฒ, depending on source) .
โ๏ธKnown for the cheetah reintroduction project and ongoing efforts to revive populations of Indian wolves, jackals, and other dry deciduous forest species .
*๐7. Van Vihar National Park*
โ๏ธLocated in Bhopal (~4.5 kmยฒ); unique as a zoo-style protected area with animals in near-natural habitat and road-accessible trails .
โ๏ธDesigned for conservation and public education, serving as a green lung for the capital .
*๐8. Madhav National Park*
โ๏ธCovers around 337 kmยฒ in Shivpuri district .
โ๏ธKnown for boating, crocodile sightings, and birdwatching, with attractions like Sakhya and Madhav Sagar lakes .
*๐9. Fossil & Dinosaur Fossil National Parks*
โ๏ธGhughua Fossil Park: Small (~0.27 kmยฒ), protects ancient plant fossils .
โ๏ธDinosaur Fossil National Park: Around 108 kmยฒ, preserving fossilized dinosaur remains .
*๐10. Sanjay (Sanjay-Dubri) National Park*
โ๏ธArea ~467 kmยฒ; located in Sidhi and Singrauli districts .
โ๏ธIncludes Dubri region and has rich wildlife, including tigers and diverse bird species.
*๐Quick Reference Table*
*โ๏ธNational Park Area (approx.) Key Highlights*
โ๏ธKanha 940 kmยฒ Barasingha conservation, tigers, large reserve
โ๏ธBandhavgarh ~437โ1,536 kmยฒ High tiger density, historical fort, luxury safari stays
โ๏ธPench ~293โ758 kmยฒ Jungle Book setting, rich fauna, cross-state access
โ๏ธPanna ~543 kmยฒ Tiger restoration, scenic geology, crocodiles
โ๏ธSatpura ~2,133 kmยฒ Trekking, canoeing, walking safaris, diverse landscapes
โ๏ธKuno ~748โ1,188 kmยฒ Cheetah project, dry deciduous habitat
โ๏ธVan Vihar ~4.5 kmยฒ Urban zoo-like park in Bhopal
โ๏ธMadhav ~337 kmยฒ Boating, birding, lakes, crocodile sightings
โ๏ธFossil & Dinosaur Parks ~0.27โ108 kmยฒ Prehistoric fossil preservation
โ๏ธSanjay-Dubri ~467 kmยฒ Tiger habitat and forest in central MP
*โ๏ธFor unforgettable tiger sightings:* Bandhavgarh, Kanha, Pench, Panna.
*โ๏ธFor tranquil and rugged wilderness:* Satpura offers solitude and immersive experiences.
*โ๏ธFor conservation success stories:* Panna (tigers), Kuno (cheetahs).
*โ๏ธFor easy access in the capital:* Van Vihar in Bhopal.
*โ๏ธFor unique prehistoric interest:* Fossil and Dinosaur parks.
*โ๏ธFor boating or birding adventures:* Madhav and Panna.
โค2๐1
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
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Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
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Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
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