Coding Interview Resources
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This channel contains the free resources and solution of coding problems which are usually asked in the interviews.

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How Git Commands Work

Git can seem confusing at first, but a few key concepts make it clearer:

There are 4 locations for your code:
- Working Directory
- Staging Area
- Local Repository
- Remote Repository (like GitHub)

Basic commands move code between these locations
- git add stages changes
- git commit saves them locally
- git push shares them remotely
- git pull fetches updates from others

Branching allows isolated development.

Concepts like git clone, merge, rebase enable collaboration.

Graphical tools like GitHub Desktop also help by providing visual interfaces and shortcuts.

While advanced workflows are possible, understanding this basic flow unlocks Git's power.
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Want to become a Data Scientist?

Here’s a quick roadmap with essential concepts:

1. Mathematics & Statistics

Linear Algebra: Matrix operations, eigenvalues, eigenvectors, and decomposition, which are crucial for machine learning.

Probability & Statistics: Hypothesis testing, probability distributions, Bayesian inference, confidence intervals, and statistical significance.

Calculus: Derivatives, integrals, and gradients, especially partial derivatives, which are essential for understanding model optimization.


2. Programming

Python or R: Choose a primary programming language for data science.

Python: Libraries like NumPy, Pandas for data manipulation, and Scikit-Learn for machine learning.

R: Especially popular in academia and finance, with libraries like dplyr and ggplot2 for data manipulation and visualization.


SQL: Master querying and database management, essential for accessing, joining, and filtering large datasets.


3. Data Wrangling & Preprocessing

Data Cleaning: Handle missing values, outliers, duplicates, and data formatting.
Feature Engineering: Create meaningful features, handle categorical variables, and apply transformations (scaling, encoding, etc.).
Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA): Visualize data distributions, correlations, and trends to generate hypotheses and insights.


4. Data Visualization

Python Libraries: Use Matplotlib, Seaborn, and Plotly to visualize data.
Tableau or Power BI: Learn interactive visualization tools for building dashboards.
Storytelling: Develop skills to interpret and present data in a meaningful way to stakeholders.


5. Machine Learning

Supervised Learning: Understand algorithms like Linear Regression, Logistic Regression, Decision Trees, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, and Support Vector Machines (SVM).
Unsupervised Learning: Study clustering (K-means, DBSCAN) and dimensionality reduction (PCA, t-SNE).
Evaluation Metrics: Understand accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score for classification and RMSE, MAE for regression.


6. Advanced Machine Learning & Deep Learning

Neural Networks: Understand the basics of neural networks and backpropagation.
Deep Learning: Get familiar with Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for image processing and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) for sequential data.
Transfer Learning: Apply pre-trained models for specific use cases.
Frameworks: Use TensorFlow Keras for building deep learning models.


7. Natural Language Processing (NLP)

Text Preprocessing: Tokenization, stemming, lemmatization, stop-word removal.
NLP Techniques: Understand bag-of-words, TF-IDF, and word embeddings (Word2Vec, GloVe).
NLP Models: Work with recurrent neural networks (RNNs), transformers (BERT, GPT) for text classification, sentiment analysis, and translation.


8. Big Data Tools (Optional)

Distributed Data Processing: Learn Hadoop and Spark for handling large datasets. Use Google BigQuery for big data storage and processing.


9. Data Science Workflows & Pipelines (Optional)

ETL & Data Pipelines: Extract, Transform, and Load data using tools like Apache Airflow for automation. Set up reproducible workflows for data transformation, modeling, and monitoring.
Model Deployment: Deploy models in production using Flask, FastAPI, or cloud services (AWS SageMaker, Google AI Platform).


10. Model Validation & Tuning

Cross-Validation: Techniques like K-fold cross-validation to avoid overfitting.
Hyperparameter Tuning: Use Grid Search, Random Search, and Bayesian Optimization to optimize model performance.
Bias-Variance Trade-off: Understand how to balance bias and variance in models for better generalization.


11. Time Series Analysis

Statistical Models: ARIMA, SARIMA, and Holt-Winters for time-series forecasting.
Time Series: Handle seasonality, trends, and lags. Use LSTMs or Prophet for more advanced time-series forecasting.


12. Experimentation & A/B Testing

Experiment Design: Learn how to set up and analyze controlled experiments.
A/B Testing: Statistical techniques for comparing groups & measuring the impact of changes.

ENJOY LEARNING πŸ‘πŸ‘

#datascience
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Data Structure Cheatsheet βœ…
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List of most asked Programming Interview Questions.

Are you preparing for a coding interview? This tweet is for you. It contains a list of the most asked interview questions from each topic.

Arrays

- How is an array sorted using quicksort?
- How do you reverse an array?
- How do you remove duplicates from an array?
- How do you find the 2nd largest number in an unsorted integer array?

Linked Lists

- How do you find the length of a linked list?
- How do you reverse a linked list?
- How do you find the third node from the end?
- How are duplicate nodes removed in an unsorted linked list?

Strings

- How do you check if a string contains only digits?
- How can a given string be reversed?
- How do you find the first non-repeated character?
- How do you find duplicate characters in strings?

Binary Trees

- How are all leaves of a binary tree printed?
- How do you check if a tree is a binary search tree?
- How is a binary search tree implemented?
- Find the lowest common ancestor in a binary tree?

Graph

- How to detect a cycle in a directed graph?
- How to detect a cycle in an undirected graph?
- Find the total number of strongly connected components?
- Find whether a path exists between two nodes of a graph?
- Find the minimum number of swaps required to sort an array.

Dynamic Programming

1. Find the longest common subsequence?
2. Find the longest common substring?
3. Coin change problem?
4. Box stacking problem?
5. Count the number of ways to cover a distance?
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Sample email template to reach out to HR’s as fresher

Hi Jasneet,

I recently came across your LinkedIn post seeking a React.js developer intern, and I am writing to express my interest in the position at Airtel. As a recent graduate, I am eager to begin my career and am excited about the opportunity.

I am a quick learner and have developed a strong set of dynamic and user-friendly web applications using various technologies, including HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Bootstrap, React.js, Vue.js, PHP, and MySQL. I am also well-versed in creating reusable components, implementing responsive designs, and ensuring cross-browser compatibility.

I am confident that my eagerness to learn and strong work ethic will make me an asset to your team.

I have attached my resume for your review. Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to hearing from you soon.

Thanks!


I hope you will found this helpful πŸ™‚
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Local vs Global Variables in Python
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Here are 10 popular programming languages based on versatile, widely-used, and in-demand languages:

1. Python – Ideal for beginners and professionals; used in web development, data analysis, AI, and more.

2. Java – A classic language for building enterprise applications, Android apps, and large-scale systems.

3. C – The foundation for many other languages; great for understanding low-level programming concepts.

4. C++ – Popular for game development, competitive programming, and performance-critical applications.

5. C# – Widely used for Windows applications, game development (Unity), and enterprise software.

6. Go (Golang) – A modern language designed for performance and scalability, popular in cloud services.

7. Rust – Known for its safety and performance, ideal for system-level programming.

8. Kotlin – The preferred language for Android development with modern features.

9. Swift – Used for developing iOS and macOS applications with simplicity and power.

10. PHP – A staple for web development, powering many websites and applications.
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Stepwise Guide on becoming a software engineer πŸ˜„πŸ‘‡

Choose a Programming Language: Start by picking a programming language to learn. Popular choices for beginners include Python, JavaScript, or Java.

Learn the Basics: Begin with the fundamentals of programming, including variables, data types, control structures (if-else, loops), and basic algorithms.

Data Structures and Algorithms: Gain a solid understanding of data structures (arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues) and algorithms. Telegram channels like @crackingthecodinginterview can be helpful.

Online Courses and Tutorials: Take advantage of online courses and tutorials. Platforms like Coursera, edX, and Codecademy offer a wide range of programming courses. Many free resources are shared in this channel. Just search for the desired skill/course based on your interest in this channel.

Build Projects: Practical experience is key. Create small software projects to apply what you've learned. Start with simple projects and gradually work your way up to more complex ones.

Version Control (Git): Learn how to use Git for version control. It's essential for collaborative software development.

Explore Different Fields: Software development is vast. Explore different areas like web development, mobile app development, data science, or game development to find your niche.

Contribute to Open Source: Consider contributing to open-source projects. It's a great way to gain real-world experience, collaborate with others, and build a portfolio.

Build a Portfolio: Create a portfolio of your projects on platforms like GitHub or a personal website. Showcase your skills and projects to potential employers.

Internships and Job Search: Look for internships or entry-level positions to gain professional experience. Tailor your resume and cover letter to highlight your skills and projects. Many telegram channels like @getjobss or linkedin platform might be useful to find your desired job/internship.

Interview Preparation: Practice coding interviews. Use resources like LeetCode, HackerRank, or InterviewBit to improve your problem-solving skills.

Soft Skills: Develop soft skills like communication, teamwork, and time management. These are essential in a professional environment.

Continuous Learning: Technology evolves rapidly. Stay updated by reading blogs, books, and taking advanced courses to deepen your knowledge.

Build a Strong Online Presence: Engage in tech communities, write blog posts, or share your insights on platforms like LinkedIn to showcase your expertise.

Be Persistent: Landing your first job can be challenging. Keep applying, learning, and improving your skills. Don't get discouraged by rejections.
Remember that becoming a software engineer is a journey, and it may take time. Stay committed to learning and adapting to new technologies, and you'll progress in your career.

ENJOY LEARNING πŸ‘πŸ‘
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Algorithms πŸ‘†
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Detailed Python Cheatsheet βœ…
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Kafka in a nutshell βœ…
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Coding Interview Preparation

Here are some highly recommended tools and materials to help you succeed in your tech interviews.

AlgoMonster:
Learn coding interview patterns which can be used to solve variety of coding problems on LeetCode and NeetCode

Educative-99:
a curated set of 99 coding interview questions designed to help candidates master 26 essential problem-solving patterns. It provides a hands-on, setup-free coding environment where users can efficiently practice and internalize coding patterns crucial for tech interviews, making it easier to tackle various coding challenges in a structured manner​

LeetCode:
Practice coding problems of varying difficulty levels.

NeetCode:
Get access to a structured plan for mastering coding problems.
Cracking the Coding Interview: A comprehensive guidebook with 189 programming questions and solutions.
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Best Resources to learn Coding βœ…
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βœ…Meta interview questions : Most asked in last 30 days

1. 1249. Minimum Remove to Make Valid Parentheses

2. 408. Valid Word Abbreviation

3. 215. Kth Largest Element in an Array

4. 314. Binary Tree Vertical Order Traversal

5. 88. Merge Sorted Array

6. 339. Nested List Weight Sum

7. 680. Valid Palindrome II

8. 973. K Closest Points to Origin

9. 1650. Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Tree III

10. 1. Two Sum

11. 791. Custom Sort String

12. 56. Merge Intervals

13. 528. Random Pick with Weight

14. 1570. Dot Product of Two Sparse Vectors

15. 50. Pow(x, n)

16. 65. Valid Number

17. 227. Basic Calculator II

18. 560. Subarray Sum Equals K

19. 71. Simplify Path

20. 200. Number of Islands

21. 236. Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Tree

22. 347. Top K Frequent Elements

23. 498. Diagonal Traverse

24. 543. Diameter of Binary Tree

25. 1768. Merge Strings Alternately

26. 2. Add Two Numbers

27. 4. Median of Two Sorted Arrays

28. 7. Reverse Integer

29. 31. Next Permutation

30. 34. Find First and Last Position of Element in Sorted Array

31. 84. Largest Rectangle in Histogram

32. 146. LRU Cache

33. 162. Find Peak Element

34. 199. Binary Tree Right Side View

35. 938. Range Sum of BST

36. 17. Letter Combinations of a Phone Number
37. 125. Valid Palindrome

38. 153. Find Minimum in Rotated Sorted Array

39. 283. Move Zeroes

40. 523. Continuous Subarray Sum

41. 658. Find K Closest Elements

42. 670. Maximum Swap

43. 827. Making A Large Island

44. 987. Vertical Order Traversal of a Binary Tree

45. 1757. Recyclable and Low Fat Products

46. 1762. Buildings With an Ocean View

47. 2667. Create Hello World Function

48. 5. Longest Palindromic Substring

49. 15. 3Sum

50. 19. Remove Nth Node From End of List

51. 70. Climbing Stairs

52. 80. Remove Duplicates from Sorted Array II

53. 113. Path Sum II

54. 121. Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock

55. 127. Word Ladder

56. 128. Longest Consecutive Sequence

57. 133. Clone Graph

58. 138. Copy List with Random Pointer

59. 140. Word Break II

60. 142. Linked List Cycle II

61. 145. Binary Tree Postorder Traversal

62. 173. Binary Search Tree Iterator

63. 206. Reverse Linked List

64. 207. Course Schedule

65. 394. Decode String

66. 415. Add Strings

67. 437. Path Sum III

68. 468. Validate IP Address

70. 691. Stickers to Spell Word

71. 725. Split Linked List in Parts

72. 766. Toeplitz Matrix

73. 708. Insert into a Sorted Circular Linked List

74. 1091. Shortest Path in Binary Matrix

75. 1514. Path with Maximum Probability

76. 1609. Even Odd Tree

77. 1868. Product of Two Run-Length Encoded Arrays

78. 2022. Convert 1D Array Into 2D Array

Top Coding Interview Resources to prepare for Microsoft, Amazon, Meta, Apple, Adobe, VMware, Visa, Twitter, LinkedIn, JP Morgan, Goldman Sachs, Oracle and Walmart πŸ‘‡πŸ‘‡ https://topmate.io/coding/951517

All the best πŸ‘πŸ‘
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Free Resources To Crack Coding Interviews
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Coding Interview Prep FREE CERTIFIED COURSE

https://www.freecodecamp.org/learn/coding-interview-prep/#take-home-projects

Python Interview Questions and Answers

https://t.me/dsabooks/75

Beginner's guide for DSA

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/the-ultimate-beginners-guide-for-dsa/amp/

Cracking the coding interview FREE BOOK

https://www.pdfdrive.com/cracking-the-coding-interview-189-programming-questions-and-solutions-d175292720.html

DSA Interview Questions and Answers

https://t.me/crackingthecodinginterview/77

Cracking the Coding interview: Learn 5 Essential Patterns
[4.5 star ratings out of 5]

https://bit.ly/3GUBk56

Data Science Interview Questions and Answers

https://t.me/datasciencefun/958

Java Interview Questions with Answers

https://t.me/Curiousprogrammer/106

ENJOY LEARNING πŸ‘πŸ‘
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