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Paper 1 : Financial markets & institutions

1) Discuss the Risks associated with variation between loan maturities and liability maturities of commercial banks and minimization of these risks without affecting profitability.-15 Marks

2) Discuss in brief the techniques of asset liability management in a commercial bank.-15 Marks

3) Examine various measures taken by SEBI for the development of Foreign Institutional Investors and Venture Capitalists-15 Marks

4) What are the various insurance sector reforms that have taken place in India during the period of liberalization? –15 marks

माना हालात प्रतिकूल हैं, रास्तों पर बिछे शूल हैं
रिश्तों पे जम गई धूल है
पर तू खुद अपना अवरोध न बन
तू उठ…… खुद अपनी राह बना………………………..
माना सूरज अँधेरे में खो गया है……
पर रात अभी हुई नहीं, यह तो प्रभात की बेला है
तेरे संग है उम्मीदें, किसने कहा तू अकेला है
तू खुद अपना विहान बन, तू खुद अपना विधान बन………………………..
सत्य की जीत हीं तेरा लक्ष्य हो
अपने मन का धीरज, तू कभी न खो
रण छोड़ने वाले होते हैं कायर
तू तो परमवीर है, तू युद्ध कर – तू युद्ध कर………………………..
इस युद्ध भूमि पर, तू अपनी विजयगाथा लिख
जीतकर के ये जंग, तू बन जा वीर अमिट
तू खुद सर्व समर्थ है, वीरता से जीने का हीं कुछ अर्थ है
तू युद्ध कर – बस युद्ध कर………………………..

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[pib] Amendment to the Trade Unions Act, 1926 to make provisions regarding Recognition of Trade Unions


Mains Paper 2: Polity | Mechanisms, laws, institutions and Bodies constituted for the protection and betterment of these vulnerable sections

From UPSC perspective, the following things are important:

Prelims level: Trade Unions Act, 1926

Mains level:  Labour related legislation in India

News

The Union Cabinet has approved Amendment to the Trade Unions Act, 1926 to make provisions regarding Recognition of Trade Unions.

What Amendments brings in?

The proposed Bill will ensure that the nomination of workers’ representatives in tripartite bodies by the government will become more transparent.

Trade Unions so recognized would be accountable in maintaining industrial harmony.

Recognition of Trade Unions at Central/State level would reduce duplicacy of such exercise by different departments. Recognized Trade Unions may be assigned specific roles at Central or State level.

Benefits of the Amendments

The approval will facilitate:

Recognition of Trade Unions at Central and State level;

Ensure true representation of workers in the tripartite bodies;

Check on the arbitrary nomination of workers’ representatives by the Government

Reduce litigations and industrial unrest

Indian Trade Unions Act, 1926

The legislation regulating the trade unions is the Indian Trade Unions Act, 1926.

The Act deals with the registration of trade unions, their rights, their liabilities and responsibilities as well as ensures that their funds are utilized properly.

It gives legal and corporate status to the registered trade unions.

It also seeks to protect them from civil or criminal prosecution so that they could carry on their legitimate activities for the benefit of the working class.

The Act is applicable not only to the union of workers but also to the association of employers and extends to whole of India.

Also, certain Acts, namely, the Societies Registration Act, 1860; the Co-operative Societies Act, 1912; and the Companies Act, 1956 shall not apply to any registered trade union, and that the registration of any such trade union under any such Act shall be void.

Trade Unions in India

The credit for the first association of Indian workers is generally given to the Bombay Mill-Hands Association founded by N.M. Lokhande in 1890.

This was in the period just after the passing of the ‘First’ Factories Act in 1881 by the British Government of the time.

The following years saw the formation of several labour associations and unions.

The first clearly registered trade-union is considered to be the Madras Labour Union founded by B.P. Wadia in 1918.
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