Role of Information Technology (IT) in Managing Organizational Change and Organizational
Interdependence

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👆 Management by Objectives
Most important topics for UPSC commerce Optional.
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Concept of means–end chain (MEC) in Organisation Theory – Subtopic Organisational Goal – Paper 2 of UPSC (IAS) Commerce Optional.
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8_standard_costing (1).pdf

Industrial relation code Bill 2019 for UPSC Commerce Optional
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Money market basically refers to a section of the financial market where financial instruments with high liquidity and short-term maturities are traded. Money market has become a component of the financial market for buying and selling of securities of short-term maturities, of one year or less, such as treasury bills and commercial papers.

Non Banking Financial Company (NBFC) is a company registered under the Companies Act, 2013 of India, engaged in the business of loans and advances, acquisition of shares, stock, bonds, hire-purchase insurance business or chit-fund business, but does not include any institution whose principal business is that of agriculture, industrial activity, purchase or sale of any goods (other than securities) or providing any services and sale/purchase/construction of immovable property.

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👆 Organization behavior video for UPSC Commerce Optional

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Liberalisation of Insurance Sector : New Dimensions

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Daily Answer Writing Practice- DAY -66 Human Resource Management topic of Paper 2 of UPSC Commerce Optional https://www.civilservicegurukul.com/daily-answer-writing-practice-for-commerce-optional-upsc-mains-day-66/
Daily Answer Writing Practice- DAY -67 Human Resource Management topic of Paper 2 of UPSC Commerce Optional https://www.civilservicegurukul.com/daily-answer-writing-practice-for-commerce-optional-upsc-mains-day-67/
Daily Answer Writing Practice- DAY -68 Human Resource Management topic of Paper 2 of UPSC Commerce Optional https://www.civilservicegurukul.com/daily-answer-writing-practice-for-commerce-optional-upsc-mains-day-68/
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What is Venture Capital?
It is a private or institutional investment made into early-stage / start-up companies (new ventures). As defined, ventures involve risk (having uncertain outcome) in the expectation of a sizeable gain. Venture Capital is money invested in businesses that are small; or exist only as an initiative, but have huge potential to grow. The people who invest this money are called venture capitalists (VCs). The venture capital investment is made when a venture capitalist buys shares of such a company and becomes a financial partner in the business.
Venture Capital investment is also referred to risk capital or patient risk capital, as it includes the risk of losing the money if the venture doesn’t succeed and takes medium to long term period for the investments to fructify.
Venture Capital typically comes from institutional investors and high net worth individuals and is pooled together by dedicated investment firms.
It is the money provided by an outside investor to finance a new, growing, or troubled business. The venture capitalist provides the funding knowing that there’s a significant risk associated with the company’s future profits and cash flow. Capital is invested in exchange for an equity stake in the business rather than given as a loan.
Venture Capital is the most suitable option for funding a costly capital source for companies and most for businesses having large up-front capital requirements which have no other cheap alternatives. Software and other intellectual property are generally the most common cases whose value is unproven. That is why; Venture capital funding is most widespread in the fast-growing technology and biotechnology fields.
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