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๐Ÿ“„ Linux Commands Interview Q&A

๐Ÿ” 1. What is Linux?

๐Ÿง Linux is an open-source operating system kernel forming the base for various distributions.
๐Ÿ”ง 2. Main components of a Linux system?

Kernel, shell, and file system.
๐Ÿ’ป 3. Role of the Linux Kernel?

Manages system resources and provides services to applications.
๐Ÿ–ฅ 4. What is a shell?

Command-line interpreter for interacting with the OS.
๐ŸŽ‰ 5. Popular Linux distributions?

Ubuntu, Debian, Fedora, CentOS, and Red Hat Enterprise Linux.
๐Ÿ›ก 6. Changing file permissions?

Use chmod (e.g., chmod 755 filename) to set permissions.
๐Ÿ”Ž 7. Purpose of the "grep" command?

Searches for specific patterns within files.
๐Ÿ“ 8. Finding files?

Use find command based on criteria like name, size, and permissions.
๐Ÿ“Š 9. What is the "top" command for?

Monitors system processes and resource usage in real-time.
๐Ÿ’พ 10. Checking disk usage?

df command shows disk space usage of file systems.
๐Ÿ”— 11. What is a symbolic link?

A soft link pointing to another file or directory.
๐Ÿ“ฆ 12. Purpose of the "tar" command?

Creates and manipulates archive files.
โš™๏ธ 13. Starting and stopping services?

Use systemctl (e.g., systemctl start service_name) in systemd systems.
๐ŸŒ 14. Purpose of the "ping" command?

Tests connectivity between a source and destination.
๐ŸŒ 15. Checking network configuration?

ifconfig or ip command for network settings.
๐Ÿ” 16. What is SSH?

Secure remote login and file transfer using encryption.
๐Ÿ›‘ 17. Killing a process?

kill command with process ID (PID) or killall by name.
๐Ÿ”„ 18. Purpose of "rsync"?

Efficient file synchronization and transfer.
๐Ÿ” 19. Checking hardware information?

lshw provides detailed hardware info.
๐Ÿšจ 20. What is a firewall?

Controls network traffic for security.
๐Ÿ“ถ 21. Checking system IP address?

ip addr command displays IPs for network interfaces.
โฐ 22. Purpose of "cron"?

Automates and schedules recurring tasks.
๐Ÿ“‚ 23. Mounting a filesystem?

mount command attaches a filesystem to the directory tree.
๐Ÿ”„ 24. What is "chroot"?

Creates a separate environment with its own root directory.
๐Ÿ“‰ 25. Compressing and decompressing files?

gzip and gunzip for compression.
๐Ÿ›  26. Purpose of "iptables"?

Configures the kernel firewall for network traffic filtering.
๐Ÿ’ก 27. Checking CPU usage?

Use top, htop, or mpstat.
๐Ÿ‘ค 28. Creating user accounts?

useradd command adds new users.
๐Ÿ” 29. Searching within files?

grep -r to search recursively within files in a directory.
๐Ÿ’พ 30. Checking available memory?

free command shows free and used memory in the system.
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๐Ÿ’ป Linux Commands Cheat Sheet ๐Ÿ’ป

๐Ÿ“‚ ls: List files and directories in the current directory.
Example: ls

๐Ÿ“ cd: Change directory.
Example: cd /path/to/directory

๐Ÿ“Œ pwd: Show the current directory.
Example: pwd

๐Ÿ“‚ mkdir: Create a new directory.
Example: mkdir new_directory

๐Ÿ—‘ rm: Remove files and directories.
Example: rm file.txt

๐Ÿ“„ cp: Copy files and directories.
Example: cp file.txt /path/to/destination

โœ๏ธ mv: Move or rename files and directories.
Example: mv file.txt /path/to/destination

๐Ÿ“ touch: Create an empty file.
Example: touch file.txt

๐Ÿ‘€ cat: Display the contents of a file.
Example: cat file.txt

๐Ÿ” grep: Search for a pattern in a file.
Example: grep "pattern" file.txt

๐Ÿ” head: Display the first few lines of a file.
Example: head file.txt

๐Ÿ”š tail: Display the last few lines of a file.
Example: tail file.txt

๐Ÿ”’ chmod: Change file permissions.
Example: chmod 755 file.txt

๐Ÿ‘ค chown: Change file ownership.
Example: chown user:group file.txt

๐Ÿ”— ln: Create a symbolic link.
Example: ln -s /path/to/file link

๐Ÿ” find: Search for files and directories.
Example: find /path/to/search -name "pattern"

๐Ÿ“ฆ tar: Archive files and directories.
Example: tar -czvf archive.tar.gz files/

๐Ÿ“‚ unzip: Extract files from a zip archive.
Example: unzip archive.zip

๐Ÿ“œ man: Access command manuals.
Example: man ls

๐Ÿ“œ history: View command history.
Example: history

โš™๏ธ ps: Show running processes.
Example: ps aux

โŒ kill: Terminate a process.
Example: kill PID

๐Ÿ’พ df: Show disk space usage.
Example: df -h

๐Ÿ“ du: Check directory sizes.
Example: du -sh directory

๐Ÿ” scp: Securely copy files between hosts.
Example: scp file.txt user@remote:/path/to/destination

๐Ÿ”‘ ssh: Connect to a remote host securely.
Example: ssh user@host

๐ŸŒ ping: Test network connectivity.
Example: ping google.com

๐Ÿ–ง ifconfig: Display network interface info.
Example: ifconfig

๐ŸŒ wget: Download files from the web.
Example: wget https://example.com/file.txt

๐ŸŒ curl: Transfer data to/from a server.
Example: curl https://example.com
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