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In a Next.js app router project, data can be fetched in multiple places depending on the nature of the data, rendering strategy, and whether the data needs to be accessed at build time, on the server, or on the client. Here’s a breakdown of where to fetch data in Next.js’s app router and when each is appropriate:

### 1. Server Components (default in app directory)
- Where: Fetch data directly within server components, like your page.tsx or other components under the app directory.
- When: Ideal for server-only data, sensitive data, or data that doesn’t need client-side interactivity. Server components can fetch data using async functions and make use of server-only packages (e.g., databases).
- Example:

     import { PrismaClient } from "@prisma/client";

     export default async function Page() {
         const prisma = new PrismaClient();
         const data = await prisma.someModel.findMany();

         return (
             <div>
                 {/* Render data */}
             </div>
         );
     }

- Considerations: Server components do not increase the JavaScript sent to the client. However, since they are server-rendered, you may need additional client-side components if you want interactivity.

### 2. Client Components (use use client directive)
- Where: If you need client-side interactivity, mark the component with use client at the top and use data-fetching hooks like useEffect.
- When: Useful for data that requires client-side interactivity, like managing local state, dynamic data fetching (especially based on user interactions), or when using APIs that are only available on the client.
- Example:

     "use client";
     import { useState, useEffect } from 'react';

     export default function ClientComponent() {
         const [data, setData] = useState(null);

         useEffect(() => {
             async function fetchData() {
                 const response = await fetch('/api/data');
                 const result = await response.json();
                 setData(result);
             }
             fetchData();
         }, []);

         return <div>{data ? JSON.stringify(data) : 'Loading...'}</div>;
     }

- Considerations: Client components increase the JavaScript bundle size sent to the client, so they should be used when necessary.

### 3. API Routes
- Where: Use pages/api to create backend API endpoints, which can be called from both server and client components.
- When: Use API routes when you want to keep logic (like authentication, session checks, or data manipulation) separate from the component. This is especially useful for POST requests, sensitive data handling, or operations that don’t need to be part of the server-rendering flow.
- Example:

     // pages/api/data.ts
     import { NextApiRequest, NextApiResponse } from 'next';
     import { PrismaClient } from '@prisma/client';

     export default async function handler(req: NextApiRequest, res: NextApiResponse) {
         const prisma = new PrismaClient();
         const data = await prisma.someModel.findMany();
         res.status(200).json(data);
     }

- Considerations: API routes offer more flexibility and can be used by both server and client components, which is useful for actions like form submissions or fetching data on demand.

146 viewsMahdi Taleghani, 19:46