https://www.aatbio.com/resources/faq-frequently-asked-questions/What-is-the-difference-between-PBS-and-dPBS
PBS: phosphate-buffered saline
DPBS: Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline
They are balanced salt solutions used to maintain cell culture media in the physiological range of 7.2-7.6. Provides cells with water and certain bulk inorganic ions essential for normal cell metabolism. They are used in washing cells before dissociation, transporting cells or tissue, diluting cells for counting, and preparing reagents.
They can be used interchangeably, but dPBS is typically slightly lower in phosphate concentration and may include calcium and/or magnesium
PBS: phosphate-buffered saline
DPBS: Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline
They are balanced salt solutions used to maintain cell culture media in the physiological range of 7.2-7.6. Provides cells with water and certain bulk inorganic ions essential for normal cell metabolism. They are used in washing cells before dissociation, transporting cells or tissue, diluting cells for counting, and preparing reagents.
They can be used interchangeably, but dPBS is typically slightly lower in phosphate concentration and may include calcium and/or magnesium
EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid): A chelating agent. A chemical that binds certain metal ions, such as calcium, magnesium, lead, and iron. In experiment, EDTA helps to stop DNases from acting on the exposed DNA. In molecular biology applications, it is used to minimize metal ion contamination and prevent enzymatic activity.
EGTA(ethylene glycol-bis(β-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid), also known as egtazic acid: an aminopolycarboxylic acid, a chelating agent. Compared to EDTA, it has a lower affinity for magnesium, making it more selective for calcium ions. It is useful in buffer solutions that resemble the environment in living cells where calcium ions are usually at least a thousandfold less concentrated than magnesium.
EGTA(ethylene glycol-bis(β-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid), also known as egtazic acid: an aminopolycarboxylic acid, a chelating agent. Compared to EDTA, it has a lower affinity for magnesium, making it more selective for calcium ions. It is useful in buffer solutions that resemble the environment in living cells where calcium ions are usually at least a thousandfold less concentrated than magnesium.
Base editing vs. prime editing (David Liu)
https://www.liugroup.us/research-overview/genome-editing/
"Base editing: In 2016 the Liu group developed base editing, a genome editing method that efficiently converts one base pair to a different base pair without inducing double-stranded DNA breaks or extensive insertions and deletions (indels). The two classes of base editors (adenine base editors or ABEs and cytosine base editors or CBEs) developed by the Liu group can correct all four transition mutations, which collectively account for more than 60% of human pathogenic point mutations.
Prime editing: In 2019 the Liu group developed prime editing, a new approach to genome editing in which a reverse transcriptase directly copies edited DNA sequences into a specified target site from an extended guide RNA without requiring double-stranded DNA breaks or donor DNA templates. Prime editing is highly versatile, and can mediate all possible base-to-base conversions, insertions, deletions, and combinations thereof, at target locations near or far from PAM sequences"
https://www.liugroup.us/research-overview/genome-editing/
"Base editing: In 2016 the Liu group developed base editing, a genome editing method that efficiently converts one base pair to a different base pair without inducing double-stranded DNA breaks or extensive insertions and deletions (indels). The two classes of base editors (adenine base editors or ABEs and cytosine base editors or CBEs) developed by the Liu group can correct all four transition mutations, which collectively account for more than 60% of human pathogenic point mutations.
Prime editing: In 2019 the Liu group developed prime editing, a new approach to genome editing in which a reverse transcriptase directly copies edited DNA sequences into a specified target site from an extended guide RNA without requiring double-stranded DNA breaks or donor DNA templates. Prime editing is highly versatile, and can mediate all possible base-to-base conversions, insertions, deletions, and combinations thereof, at target locations near or far from PAM sequences"