dN/dS measured across the whole protein sequence between two divergent species in theory tells you something about selection. If this ratio = 1, then the whole coding sequence evolves neutrally, when 0 < dN/dS < 1, it's under constraint, and when > 1 under positive selection.

Overdominance is a condition in genetics where the phenotype of the heterozygote lies outside the phenotypical range of both homozygous parents. Overdominance can also be described as heterozygote advantage, wherein heterozygous individuals have a higher fitness than homozygous individuals.

In genetics, underdominance (referred to in some texts as "negative overdominance") is the opposite of overdominance. It is the selection against the heterozygote, causing disruptive selection and divergent genotypes. Underdominance exists in situations where the heterozygotic genotype is inferior in fitness to either the dominant or recessive homozygotic genotype.

今天的实验有好结果！！！！！！！！！！！！

Kin selection is the evolutionary strategy that favours the reproductive success of an organism's relatives, even at a cost to the organism's own survival and reproduction. Kin altruism can look like altruistic behaviour whose evolution is driven by kin selection.

A structural gene is a gene that codes for any RNA or protein product other than a regulatory factor (i.e. regulatory protein).

Epistasis is a phenomenon in genetics in which the effect of a gene mutation is dependent on the presence or absence of mutations in one or more other genes, respectively termed modifier genes. In other words, the effect of the mutation is dependent on the genetic background in which it appears

Our additional finding that the elimination of sexual selection leads to the evolution of a substantially reduced rate of male courtship is also consistent with the hypothesis that mating displays can be sexually antagonistic.

The greater net reproductive rate of the monogamy populations shows that the cost of sexual selection exceeded its potential benefits and thereby maintained a measurable load on the promiscuous populations.

Intersex people are individuals born with any of several variations in sex characteristics including chromosomes, gonads, sex hormones or genitals that, according to the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, "do not fit the typical definitions for male or female bodies".

我做了一晚上的噩梦，梦到我连续两个考试得了全班最低分
结果早上起来就收到这个
我交了差不多1k字的proposal，结果你一个上午就把全班的final看完了？早知道这么水我昨天就随便写写了也不至于上周那么stressed TAT

几个Postdoc去Yosemite叫上我一起
我：他们看我一个博一，会不会有点尴尬
师姐：不会的，你非常有Postdoc的气质，没事的时候都在聊科研

今日的压力来源

今早又被人mean
你美烂人真的不少
效率那么低还怪我头上？

突然想起前段时间还被最mean的人挑选为聊天对象哈哈哈哈哈哈
是不是也算是我的光荣呢？
虽然很快大概我也被他归为immature和呆子一类了haha
（此处呆子请自动代入台湾腔

hard working的一天～～