📌C++ Quickstart
☑️ Let's create our first C++ file.
☑️ Open Codeblocks and go to File > New > Empty File.
☑️ Write the following C++ code and save the file as myfirstprogram.cpp (File > Save File as):
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☑️ Let's create our first C++ file.
☑️ Open Codeblocks and go to File > New > Empty File.
☑️ Write the following C++ code and save the file as myfirstprogram.cpp (File > Save File as):
@c_programming_tut
🔖 Don't worry if you don't understand the code above -
we will discuss it in detail in later chapters.
☑️For now, focus on how to run the code.
☑️ Then, go to Build > Build and Run to run (execute) the program.
@c_programming_tut
we will discuss it in detail in later chapters.
☑️For now, focus on how to run the code.
☑️ Then, go to Build > Build and Run to run (execute) the program.
@c_programming_tut
📌 Example explained
☑️ Line 1: #include <iostream> is a header file library that lets us work with input and output objects, such as cout (used in line 5). Header files add functionality to C++ programs.
☑️ Line 2: using namespace std means that we can use names for objects and variables from the standard library.
🔖Don't worry if you don't understand how #include <iostream> and using namespace std works. Just think of it as something that (almost) always appears in your program.
@c_programming_tut
☑️ Line 1: #include <iostream> is a header file library that lets us work with input and output objects, such as cout (used in line 5). Header files add functionality to C++ programs.
☑️ Line 2: using namespace std means that we can use names for objects and variables from the standard library.
🔖Don't worry if you don't understand how #include <iostream> and using namespace std works. Just think of it as something that (almost) always appears in your program.
@c_programming_tut
☑️ Line 3: A blank line. C++ ignores white space.
☑️ Line 4: Another thing that always appear in a C++ program, is int main(). This is called a function. Any code inside its curly brackets {} will be executed.
☑️ Line 5: cout (pronounced "see-out") is an object used together with the insertion operator (<<) to output/print text. In our example it will output "Hello World".
☑️Line 6: return 0 ends the main function.
☑️Line 7: Do not forget to add the closing curly bracket } to actually end the main function.
@c_programming_tut
☑️ Line 4: Another thing that always appear in a C++ program, is int main(). This is called a function. Any code inside its curly brackets {} will be executed.
☑️ Line 5: cout (pronounced "see-out") is an object used together with the insertion operator (<<) to output/print text. In our example it will output "Hello World".
☑️Line 6: return 0 ends the main function.
☑️Line 7: Do not forget to add the closing curly bracket } to actually end the main function.
@c_programming_tut
📌 Omitting Namespace
☑️You might see some C++ programs that runs without the standard namespace library.
☑️The using namespace std line can be omitted and replaced with the std keyword, followed by the :: operator for some objects:
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☑️You might see some C++ programs that runs without the standard namespace library.
☑️The using namespace std line can be omitted and replaced with the std keyword, followed by the :: operator for some objects:
@c_programming_tut
Structure of C++
📌Syntax
Ways symbols may be combined to
create well-formed sentences.
📌Semantics
meaning of syntactically valid statement.
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📌Syntax
Ways symbols may be combined to
create well-formed sentences.
📌Semantics
meaning of syntactically valid statement.
@c_programming_tut
Basic elements of C++
0⃣ Reserved words
A reserved word is a word that cannot be used as an identifier, such as the name of a variable, function, or label
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0⃣ Reserved words
A reserved word is a word that cannot be used as an identifier, such as the name of a variable, function, or label
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1⃣ Identifier
is a name used to identify a variable, function, class, module, or any other user-defined item.
📌Start with a letter or underscore
📌Consist only of alpha-numeric symbols or the underscore symbol _
📌Not be a reserved word
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is a name used to identify a variable, function, class, module, or any other user-defined item.
📌Start with a letter or underscore
📌Consist only of alpha-numeric symbols or the underscore symbol _
📌Not be a reserved word
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2⃣ Comments
a piece of descriptive text which explains some aspect of a program.
Comments can be used to explain C++ code, and to make it more readable. It can also be used to prevent execution when testing alternative code.
✅Single-line comments //
✅Multi-line comments /* */
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a piece of descriptive text which explains some aspect of a program.
Comments can be used to explain C++ code, and to make it more readable. It can also be used to prevent execution when testing alternative code.
✅Single-line comments //
✅Multi-line comments /* */
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Operators
Operators in C++, An operator is a symbol that tells the compiler to perform specific mathematical or logical manipulations.
📌Operators in C++ can be classified into 7 types
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Operators in C++, An operator is a symbol that tells the compiler to perform specific mathematical or logical manipulations.
📌Operators in C++ can be classified into 7 types
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