--> The primary cause is the breakdown in disease resistance of the blockbuster variety Co-0238 (also called Karan 4), which had previously driven UP to become India's top sugar producer ahead of Maharashtra.
--> Fungal Mutation & Monoculture: Intensive monoculture planting and cultivation in waterlogged areas allowed the fungal pathogen rendering Co-0238 highly vulnerable to red rot disease.
-->New Replacement Variety: Developed by the ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute (ICAR-SBI) in Coimbatore, Co-20016 (named Karan 20) has been identified as a key candidate to replace Co-023
#CA2026
--> Fungal Mutation & Monoculture: Intensive monoculture planting and cultivation in waterlogged areas allowed the fungal pathogen rendering Co-0238 highly vulnerable to red rot disease.
-->New Replacement Variety: Developed by the ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute (ICAR-SBI) in Coimbatore, Co-20016 (named Karan 20) has been identified as a key candidate to replace Co-023
#CA2026
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#PYQ
--> China is the largest shareholder and holds the largest voting share (~26.6%). India is the second-largest shareholder with approximately 7.5% voting share.
--> AIIB includes non-regional members from outside Asia, including countries across Europe (e.g., Germany, UK, France), Africa, South America, and Oceania.
--> China is the largest shareholder and holds the largest voting share (~26.6%). India is the second-largest shareholder with approximately 7.5% voting share.
--> AIIB includes non-regional members from outside Asia, including countries across Europe (e.g., Germany, UK, France), Africa, South America, and Oceania.
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--> PLI Scheme : Launched in 2020 for 14 sectors
--> The production-linked incentive (PLI) scheme for large scale electronics manufacturing (LSEM) was started in 2020 with an aim to boost domestic manufacturing of mobile phones in the country.
--> The tenure of this scheme was extended from five years (2020-25) by one year till 2025-26. Smartphone exports from the nation has risen to about $30 billion in 2025-26 from $5.5 billion in 2021-22.
--> India is the 2nd largest manufacturer of mobile phones in the world and smartphones has emerged as India's one of the top exported commodity.
#CA2026
--> The production-linked incentive (PLI) scheme for large scale electronics manufacturing (LSEM) was started in 2020 with an aim to boost domestic manufacturing of mobile phones in the country.
--> The tenure of this scheme was extended from five years (2020-25) by one year till 2025-26. Smartphone exports from the nation has risen to about $30 billion in 2025-26 from $5.5 billion in 2021-22.
--> India is the 2nd largest manufacturer of mobile phones in the world and smartphones has emerged as India's one of the top exported commodity.
#CA2026
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--> Royal Air Force (RAF) base at Fairford in Gloucestershire, southwest England.
--> Base used by USA in war against Iran
#CA2026
--> Base used by USA in war against Iran
#CA2026
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UNSC Reforms
--> The G4 nations (Brazil, Germany, India, and Japan) are actively campaigning for permanent seats on the UNSC.
--> Coffee Club (officially known as Uniting for Consensus or UfC). Led primarily by Italy, Pakistan, Mexico, and Egypt, the Coffee Club seeks to block the G4's bids for permanent seats
#CA2026
#UN
--> The G4 nations (Brazil, Germany, India, and Japan) are actively campaigning for permanent seats on the UNSC.
--> Coffee Club (officially known as Uniting for Consensus or UfC). Led primarily by Italy, Pakistan, Mexico, and Egypt, the Coffee Club seeks to block the G4's bids for permanent seats
#CA2026
#UN
UN Sea Level Declaration
1. Adopted by: UN General Assembly (UNGA) on 24 September 2026, by consensus.
2. Core principle: Low-lying countries threatened by sea-level rise —> such as Fiji, Tuvalu and Vanuatu:- will retain their statehood, sovereignty, rights and UN membership even if territory becomes uninhabitable/submerged.
3. Maritime zones: To continue to be determined in accordance with UNCLOS (UN Convention on the Law of the Sea) despite coastline changes caused by sea-level rise.
4. 4 pillars of the Declaration: Science & data; Adaptation & financing; Livelihoods/socio-economic development/data-sharing/early-warning systems; Legal consequences of sea-level rise.
5. Special focus: Protection of low-lying Island States, particularly members of AOSIS (Alliance of Small Island States).
#CA2026
#ENVIRONMENT
1. Adopted by: UN General Assembly (UNGA) on 24 September 2026, by consensus.
2. Core principle: Low-lying countries threatened by sea-level rise —> such as Fiji, Tuvalu and Vanuatu:- will retain their statehood, sovereignty, rights and UN membership even if territory becomes uninhabitable/submerged.
3. Maritime zones: To continue to be determined in accordance with UNCLOS (UN Convention on the Law of the Sea) despite coastline changes caused by sea-level rise.
4. 4 pillars of the Declaration: Science & data; Adaptation & financing; Livelihoods/socio-economic development/data-sharing/early-warning systems; Legal consequences of sea-level rise.
5. Special focus: Protection of low-lying Island States, particularly members of AOSIS (Alliance of Small Island States).
#CA2026
#ENVIRONMENT
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TakeMe2Space – Orbital Data Centre
1. TakeMe2Space (Hyderabad) plans India’s first networked orbital data-centre mission in 2028.
2. 2 MOI (My Orbital Infrastructure) satellites, ~100 kg each, will launch on SpaceX Falcon 9 under the Waymaker-2 rideshare mission.
3. Satellites will be connected through optical inter-satellite links, enabling them to operate as a distributed computing network in orbit.
4. Each spacecraft: 10 Nvidia Thor GPUs + 100 TB onboard storage + ~1.5 kW power; aimed at processing Earth-observation data in space before downlinking, reducing raw-data transmission needs.
Interlink: https://t.me/bpscweb/43492
Interlink: https://t.me/bpscweb/39086
#CA2026
#SPACE
1. TakeMe2Space (Hyderabad) plans India’s first networked orbital data-centre mission in 2028.
2. 2 MOI (My Orbital Infrastructure) satellites, ~100 kg each, will launch on SpaceX Falcon 9 under the Waymaker-2 rideshare mission.
3. Satellites will be connected through optical inter-satellite links, enabling them to operate as a distributed computing network in orbit.
4. Each spacecraft: 10 Nvidia Thor GPUs + 100 TB onboard storage + ~1.5 kW power; aimed at processing Earth-observation data in space before downlinking, reducing raw-data transmission needs.
Interlink: https://t.me/bpscweb/43492
Interlink: https://t.me/bpscweb/39086
#CA2026
#SPACE
--> COP31 : Venue Antalya in Türkiye (November).
-> Türkiye will be hosting the event, with its Minister of Environment Murat Kurum serving as COP31 President.
--> Australia will oversee the negotiations process, with its Minister for Climate Change and Energy Chris Bowen as the Vice-President of COP31.
Issue
--> Türkiye and Australia are heavy users of fossil fuels.
--> Australia is the world's third-largest fossil fuels exporter, after Russia and the U.S.
--> Domestically, Australia as well as Türkiye rely on coal, gas, and oil to generate respectively around 90% and 80% of their energy needs.
--> The primary goal at COP31 is a target to electrify industry and vehicles and in turn "to raise the share of final energy demand met by electricity from just over 20% today to 35% by 2035".
--> 'Oceans and Seas' are also a priority agenda: Türkiye hosted a 'Blue Dialogue on September 10-11 whose focus was on protecting marine resources
-> Türkiye will be hosting the event, with its Minister of Environment Murat Kurum serving as COP31 President.
--> Australia will oversee the negotiations process, with its Minister for Climate Change and Energy Chris Bowen as the Vice-President of COP31.
Issue
--> Türkiye and Australia are heavy users of fossil fuels.
--> Australia is the world's third-largest fossil fuels exporter, after Russia and the U.S.
--> Domestically, Australia as well as Türkiye rely on coal, gas, and oil to generate respectively around 90% and 80% of their energy needs.
--> The primary goal at COP31 is a target to electrify industry and vehicles and in turn "to raise the share of final energy demand met by electricity from just over 20% today to 35% by 2035".
--> 'Oceans and Seas' are also a priority agenda: Türkiye hosted a 'Blue Dialogue on September 10-11 whose focus was on protecting marine resources
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