TMC Split (2026): ECI allotted:-
Mamata Banerjee faction —> “Mamata All India Trinamool Congress” = Football Player symbol;
Ritabrata Banerjee faction —> “Democratic Trinamool Congress” = Envelope symbol.
#CA2026
Mamata Banerjee faction —> “Mamata All India Trinamool Congress” = Football Player symbol;
Ritabrata Banerjee faction —> “Democratic Trinamool Congress” = Envelope symbol.
#CA2026
1. Brick Kiln OTS Scheme 2026: Bihar launched a One-Time Settlement scheme for about 6,000 brick-kiln operators to clear old mining-related dues.
2. Main relief: Operators paying the principal amount get a complete waiver of accumulated interest.
3. Scheme period: 21 September–20 December 2026.
4. DMF = District Mineral Foundation: A district-level fund used for the welfare and development of people and areas affected by mining.
5. Bihar DMF Rules 2026: Fund utilisation formula changed from 60:40 to 70:30.
6. New formula: 70% of DMF funds will be spent in the block where mining/quarrying takes place, while 30% will be used in other blocks of the same district.
7. Current mining update: Stone-mining zones have been auctioned in Nawada and Sheikhpura.
#BIHARspecial
2. Main relief: Operators paying the principal amount get a complete waiver of accumulated interest.
3. Scheme period: 21 September–20 December 2026.
4. DMF = District Mineral Foundation: A district-level fund used for the welfare and development of people and areas affected by mining.
5. Bihar DMF Rules 2026: Fund utilisation formula changed from 60:40 to 70:30.
6. New formula: 70% of DMF funds will be spent in the block where mining/quarrying takes place, while 30% will be used in other blocks of the same district.
7. Current mining update: Stone-mining zones have been auctioned in Nawada and Sheikhpura.
#BIHARspecial
Bihar Police launched a Community Policing Initiative to strengthen police–public coordination and ground-level intelligence for timely crime prevention; citizens such as teachers, doctors, traders and social groups will participate.
—>Community Policing: Police + community cooperation for crime prevention, intelligence sharing and public safety.
—>Moral Policing: Individuals/groups imposing their own moral norms on others, often without legal authority; e.g., Jamui girl harassment case (2026).
#BIHARspecial
—>Community Policing: Police + community cooperation for crime prevention, intelligence sharing and public safety.
—>Moral Policing: Individuals/groups imposing their own moral norms on others, often without legal authority; e.g., Jamui girl harassment case (2026).
#BIHARspecial
Justice Valluri Kameswar Rao took oath as the 49th Chief Justice of Patna High Court on 13 Sept 2026; oath administered by the Governor. He was earlier a judge of the Delhi High Court.
High Court Chief Justice:
• Article 217: HC judges, including the Chief Justice, are appointed by the President.
• Consultation for HC CJ: Chief Justice of India + Governor of the State.
• Article 219: Oath is administered by the Governor or a person appointed by him.
• Article 223: Acting Chief Justice of a High Court is appointed by the President.
• Article 222: Transfer of HC judge —> President after consultation with CJI.
• Retirement age of HC judges: 62 years.
#BIHARspecial
High Court Chief Justice:
• Article 217: HC judges, including the Chief Justice, are appointed by the President.
• Consultation for HC CJ: Chief Justice of India + Governor of the State.
• Article 219: Oath is administered by the Governor or a person appointed by him.
• Article 223: Acting Chief Justice of a High Court is appointed by the President.
• Article 222: Transfer of HC judge —> President after consultation with CJI.
• Retirement age of HC judges: 62 years.
#BIHARspecial
Arwal District Court
1. Arwal, carved out of Jehanabad as a separate district, will get a full-fledged district court/judgeship from 10 September 2026.
2. Till now, Arwal had a sub-divisional court headed by an Additional District Judge (ADJ) under the functional control of the Principal District & Sessions Judge, Jehanabad.
3. With this development, all 38 districts of Bihar will have their own district courts.
#BIHARspecial
1. Arwal, carved out of Jehanabad as a separate district, will get a full-fledged district court/judgeship from 10 September 2026.
2. Till now, Arwal had a sub-divisional court headed by an Additional District Judge (ADJ) under the functional control of the Principal District & Sessions Judge, Jehanabad.
3. With this development, all 38 districts of Bihar will have their own district courts.
#BIHARspecial
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Bihar Development Summit 2026 was held at Ravindra Bhavan, Vasco da Gama, Goa, on the theme “Developed Bihar – Developed India 2047”; it was organised by Let’s Inspire Bihar (LIB) and highlighted citizen/diaspora participation in Bihar’s development.
#BIHARspecial
#BIHARspecial
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EU’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM)
CBAM: EU mechanism that puts a carbon price on embedded emissions of specified imports, aimed at preventing carbon leakage; it complements the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS).
1. CBAM sectors —> remember: Cement, Iron & Steel, Aluminium, Fertilisers, Electricity and Hydrogen.
2. Timeline: Transitional phase 2023–25; definitive CBAM regime applicable from 1 January 2026.
3. India relevance: Important for Indian steel and aluminium exporters, as CBAM creates carbon-emission reporting/compliance and carbon-cost obligations for exports entering the EU.
Interlink: https://t.me/bpscweb/29832
https://t.me/bpscweb/27447
#CA2026
#ENVIRONMENT
CBAM: EU mechanism that puts a carbon price on embedded emissions of specified imports, aimed at preventing carbon leakage; it complements the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS).
1. CBAM sectors —> remember: Cement, Iron & Steel, Aluminium, Fertilisers, Electricity and Hydrogen.
2. Timeline: Transitional phase 2023–25; definitive CBAM regime applicable from 1 January 2026.
3. India relevance: Important for Indian steel and aluminium exporters, as CBAM creates carbon-emission reporting/compliance and carbon-cost obligations for exports entering the EU.
Interlink: https://t.me/bpscweb/29832
https://t.me/bpscweb/27447
#CA2026
#ENVIRONMENT
Senior Living & Loneliness
• Report: The Future of Ageing and Longevity Economy in India, 2026 - Colliers India.
• India’s 60+ population may rise from 149 million (10.5%) in 2022 to 347 million (20.8%) by 2050.
• HelpAge India Survey 2025: 47% respondents considered loneliness a serious concern.
• Drivers: ageing population, nuclear families, migration of children, health concerns and weakening traditional family support.
• Need: Elder care must go beyond housing/healthcare to community living, companionship, social interaction and wellness.
• Way forward: age-friendly communities, geriatric care, day-care/social centres, digital inclusion and community-based support.
Crux: Ageing population —> changing family structure —> social isolation —> need for community-based elderly care.
#GS2mains
• Report: The Future of Ageing and Longevity Economy in India, 2026 - Colliers India.
• India’s 60+ population may rise from 149 million (10.5%) in 2022 to 347 million (20.8%) by 2050.
• HelpAge India Survey 2025: 47% respondents considered loneliness a serious concern.
• Drivers: ageing population, nuclear families, migration of children, health concerns and weakening traditional family support.
• Need: Elder care must go beyond housing/healthcare to community living, companionship, social interaction and wellness.
• Way forward: age-friendly communities, geriatric care, day-care/social centres, digital inclusion and community-based support.
Crux: Ageing population —> changing family structure —> social isolation —> need for community-based elderly care.
#GS2mains
Declining UN & India’s Rise
Core Argument:
India’s rise requires a strong, rules-based multilateral order. A weakened UN may give major powers greater freedom of action, but it reduces India’s ability to shape global rules, resist coercion and protect strategic autonomy.
Why is the UN losing effectiveness?
1. Great-power rivalry - consensus in the UNSC increasingly difficult.
2. Veto paralysis - crises such as Ukraine, Gaza and Sudan expose limits of collective security.
3. Economic coercion outside UN framework- sanctions, payment restrictions, export controls and technology denial can be imposed unilaterally.
4. Financial stress - delayed/non-payment of dues constrains UN agencies and peace operations.
5. Representation deficit - present UNSC structure does not reflect contemporary economic/demographic realities.
Why a Weak UN Hurts India
1. Rule-making power: India has traditionally favoured sovereign equality and rule-based international decision-making; weaker institutions allow powerful states to shape rules unilaterally.
2. Strategic autonomy: Fragmentation into rival financial, technological and supply-chain blocs may force states to align with competing camps, reducing policy space.
3. Voice of Global South: Universal UN membership gives developing countries a platform to raise issues such as climate finance, development and inequality.
4. Global public goods: UN agencies remain important for humanitarian relief, health, climate negotiations, development and scientific assessments.
5. Peace & security: India has historically been one of the largest contributors to UN peacekeeping; more than 2.75 lakh Indian personnel have served under the UN flag.
Emerging Challenges India Must Shape
-AI governance: Rules on AI safety, access and standards should not be determined only by major powers/technology firms; developing countries require representation.
-Economic coercion: India needs coalitions supporting resilient supply chains, fair trade, accessible development finance and limits on unilateral economic pressure.
India’s Strategy
1. Reform, not abandon, multilateralism - make institutions more representative and effective.
2. Build issue-based coalitions of middle powers and Global South countries.
3. Push for UNSC reform and greater representation of developing countries.
4. Use India’s strengths in peacekeeping, development partnerships and diplomacy to build wider support.
5. Continue multi-alignment rather than dependence on a single geopolitical bloc.
P4M - Contemporary Value Addition
India co-sponsored the Partners for Multilateralism, International Law, Peace & Prosperity (P4M) initiative launched on 21 September 2026, alongside Australia, Barbados, Brazil, Canada, the EU and Kenya. It seeks a more effective, representative and inclusive multilateral system, including cooperation on trade, finance, AI, climate and global health.
Way Forward
UN reform must combine representation + effectiveness: broaden participation, improve transparency, strengthen finances, reform global economic governance and ensure emerging technologies are governed inclusively.
Conclusion
For a rising India, the objective is not a world with fewer rules, but a world where India has a greater role in writing fair and credible rules.
#GS1mains
Core Argument:
India’s rise requires a strong, rules-based multilateral order. A weakened UN may give major powers greater freedom of action, but it reduces India’s ability to shape global rules, resist coercion and protect strategic autonomy.
Why is the UN losing effectiveness?
1. Great-power rivalry - consensus in the UNSC increasingly difficult.
2. Veto paralysis - crises such as Ukraine, Gaza and Sudan expose limits of collective security.
3. Economic coercion outside UN framework- sanctions, payment restrictions, export controls and technology denial can be imposed unilaterally.
4. Financial stress - delayed/non-payment of dues constrains UN agencies and peace operations.
5. Representation deficit - present UNSC structure does not reflect contemporary economic/demographic realities.
Why a Weak UN Hurts India
1. Rule-making power: India has traditionally favoured sovereign equality and rule-based international decision-making; weaker institutions allow powerful states to shape rules unilaterally.
2. Strategic autonomy: Fragmentation into rival financial, technological and supply-chain blocs may force states to align with competing camps, reducing policy space.
3. Voice of Global South: Universal UN membership gives developing countries a platform to raise issues such as climate finance, development and inequality.
4. Global public goods: UN agencies remain important for humanitarian relief, health, climate negotiations, development and scientific assessments.
5. Peace & security: India has historically been one of the largest contributors to UN peacekeeping; more than 2.75 lakh Indian personnel have served under the UN flag.
Emerging Challenges India Must Shape
-AI governance: Rules on AI safety, access and standards should not be determined only by major powers/technology firms; developing countries require representation.
-Economic coercion: India needs coalitions supporting resilient supply chains, fair trade, accessible development finance and limits on unilateral economic pressure.
India’s Strategy
1. Reform, not abandon, multilateralism - make institutions more representative and effective.
2. Build issue-based coalitions of middle powers and Global South countries.
3. Push for UNSC reform and greater representation of developing countries.
4. Use India’s strengths in peacekeeping, development partnerships and diplomacy to build wider support.
5. Continue multi-alignment rather than dependence on a single geopolitical bloc.
P4M - Contemporary Value Addition
India co-sponsored the Partners for Multilateralism, International Law, Peace & Prosperity (P4M) initiative launched on 21 September 2026, alongside Australia, Barbados, Brazil, Canada, the EU and Kenya. It seeks a more effective, representative and inclusive multilateral system, including cooperation on trade, finance, AI, climate and global health.
Way Forward
UN reform must combine representation + effectiveness: broaden participation, improve transparency, strengthen finances, reform global economic governance and ensure emerging technologies are governed inclusively.
Conclusion
For a rising India, the objective is not a world with fewer rules, but a world where India has a greater role in writing fair and credible rules.
#GS1mains
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Bangladesh–USA Signed an MoU on strategic civil nuclear cooperation (New York, Sept 2026) for peaceful nuclear-energy use; both are NPT parties and have IAEA safeguards + Additional Protocols; Bangladesh’s first nuclear power plant is at Rooppur.
#CA2026
#CA2026
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Xenotransplantation
Meaning: Transplantation/infusion of living cells, tissues or organs from a non-human animal to humans; may also include human material exposed to animal cells/tissues ex vivo.
Purpose: To tackle the shortage of human donor organs; genetically modified pigs are a major potential source.
Current Example: Tim Andrews (USA) received a gene-edited pig kidney in 2025 and remained dialysis-free for 271 days; in 2026, he received a deceased-donor human kidney.
It is the Longest reported dialysis-free survival after pig-kidney xenotransplantation in a living human.
It is the first documented pig-to-human kidney transition.
#CA2026
Meaning: Transplantation/infusion of living cells, tissues or organs from a non-human animal to humans; may also include human material exposed to animal cells/tissues ex vivo.
Purpose: To tackle the shortage of human donor organs; genetically modified pigs are a major potential source.
Current Example: Tim Andrews (USA) received a gene-edited pig kidney in 2025 and remained dialysis-free for 271 days; in 2026, he received a deceased-donor human kidney.
It is the Longest reported dialysis-free survival after pig-kidney xenotransplantation in a living human.
It is the first documented pig-to-human kidney transition.
#CA2026
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--> The primary cause is the breakdown in disease resistance of the blockbuster variety Co-0238 (also called Karan 4), which had previously driven UP to become India's top sugar producer ahead of Maharashtra.
--> Fungal Mutation & Monoculture: Intensive monoculture planting and cultivation in waterlogged areas allowed the fungal pathogen rendering Co-0238 highly vulnerable to red rot disease.
-->New Replacement Variety: Developed by the ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute (ICAR-SBI) in Coimbatore, Co-20016 (named Karan 20) has been identified as a key candidate to replace Co-023
#CA2026
--> Fungal Mutation & Monoculture: Intensive monoculture planting and cultivation in waterlogged areas allowed the fungal pathogen rendering Co-0238 highly vulnerable to red rot disease.
-->New Replacement Variety: Developed by the ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute (ICAR-SBI) in Coimbatore, Co-20016 (named Karan 20) has been identified as a key candidate to replace Co-023
#CA2026
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