Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR)
-SPR is an emergency stockpile of crude oil maintained to tackle supply disruptions and energy crises.

-Managed by: Indian Strategic Petroleum Reserves Ltd. (ISPRL) under the Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas.

-Existing SPR sites (Phase-I): Visakhapatnam (Andhra Pradesh), Mangaluru (Karnataka) and Padur (Karnataka) with a total capacity of 5.33 MMT.

-Planned expansion (Phase-II): Chandikhol (Odisha – 4 MMT) and Padur Phase-II (2.5 MMT).

-2026 Update: ONGC will reserve half of its proposed 1.75 MMT oil storage facility at Mangaluru for India’s Strategic Petroleum Reserve.

-India’s total crude oil and petroleum storage (SPR + commercial inventories) can currently meet about 74 days of net crude import requirement.

#CA2026

Link : https://t.me/bpscweb/42094

-->Bihar has proposed two Plug-and-Play Industrial Parks under the Centre's BHAVYA scheme.

-->Bihar's proposed industrial parks: Paru (Muzaffarpur) – 700 acres and Bahadurpur (Darbhanga) – 350 acres.

-->BHAVYA (Bharat Audyogik Vikas Yojana): Central Sector Scheme for developing 100 Plug-and-Play Industrial Parks.

Interlink: https://t.me/bpscweb/41992?single

#BIHARspecial

Nauru has officially changed its name to Republic of Naoero, reviving its indigenous name to reflect its cultural identity and heritage.

It is the world's smallest island republic, located in Micronesia (Oceania) in the central Pacific Ocean; capital – Yaren (de facto); currency – Australian Dollar (AUD).

#CA2026

Bihar Sterilisation Drive: What It Indicates

1. Gender imbalance in contraception
Data: 98% female vs 2% male sterilisations.
Indicates: Permanent contraception remains highly gender-skewed.

2. Social barriers to vasectomy
Data: Vasectomy constituted only 2% of procedures.
Indicates: Myths, stigma and patriarchal norms continue to discourage male participation.

3. Rising women’s agency
Data: High female acceptance of sterilisation.
Indicates: Greater awareness, empowerment and reproductive decision-making among women.

4. Population challenge
Data: Bihar TFR: 2.9 (SRS 2024) vs India: 1.9.
Indicates: Population stabilisation requires shared responsibility and greater male participation in family planning.

—>Shift from “women-led family planning” to “couple-centred family planning” through IEC campaigns, myth-busting on vasectomy and community counselling.

#BIHARspecial
#ESSAY

Possible Essay Themes
-Modernisation vs Westernisation
-Changing Family Values in India
-Respect for the Elderly: Measure of a Civilised Society
-Youth, Social Media & Declining Empathy
-Indian Culture in the Age of Globalisation

Essay Points
-English-speaking urban elite increasingly equates “modernity” with Western behaviour, often viewing traditional Indian values as outdated.
-Ageism is becoming socially acceptable-mocking old age has entered stand-up comedy, social media and even everyday language.
-Ridiculing elders has become a tool for social bonding and signalling upward mobility, reflecting a worrying cultural shift.
-Generational conflict is not new-Shakespeare’s King Lear remains one of the strongest literary examples of neglect and humiliation of parents.
-Indian literature also condemns disrespect towards elders-the Mahabharata and Premchand’s Betonwali Vidhwa portray the moral consequences of abandoning the elderly.
-Youth is temporary, but old age is universal; therefore, empathy must replace arrogance.
-A truly modern society combines scientific progress with compassion, dignity and respect, not merely Western lifestyles.
-Cruelty should never become a cultural ideal-Indian civilisation upholds Ahimsa and Anrishamsya (non-cruelty) as enduring ethical values.

Quote
“The true test of civilisation is not how a society celebrates its youth, but how it treats its elderly.”

#ESSAY

Letter No-14176.pdf