Naval base in Lakshadweep ( minicoy island ) - INS JATAYU
Naval base in karavatti island - INS dweeprakshak
naval base in Andaman - INS BAAZ

Tyre port city= Lebanon , Tyre = UNESCO WHS known for Roman era ruins

Naquora : HQ of UNIFIL in Lebanon

India won the SAFF Women’s Championship 2026,

R Praggnanandhaa became the first Indian to win Norway Chess

Team India lifted the Men’s U18 Asia Cup 2026. A proud day for every Indian.

Alexander Zverev became the first German men’s singles champion at the French Open 2026, defeating Flavio Cobolli in a five-set final to win his maiden Grand Slam title.

#CA2026
#SPORTS

Colombo Security Conclave (CSC)
Current Context
• India is pushing for a permanent Secretariat of the Colombo Security Conclave (CSC) in Sri Lanka to strengthen maritime security cooperation in the Indian Ocean.

About CSC
• Established: 2011; Revitalised: 2020.
• Headquarters/Secretariat: Proposed permanent secretariat in Colombo, Sri Lanka.
• Members (6): India, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Mauritius, Bangladesh, Seychelles.
• Nature: Regional maritime and security cooperation grouping in the Indian Ocean.

Key Focus Areas
• Maritime Security.
• Counter-Terrorism and Radicalisation.
• Combating Transnational Organised Crime.
• Cyber Security.
• Protection of Critical Infrastructure.
• Humanitarian Assistance & Disaster Relief (HADR).

Why CSC is Important?
• India’s key platform for Indian Ocean security cooperation.
• Supports India’s role as a Net Security Provider in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR).
• Counters growing strategic competition in the Indo-Pacific.

Related Organisations
• IORA (Indian Ocean Rim Association) —> Economic cooperation body; does not have a security mandate.
• IONS (Indian Ocean Naval Symposium) —> Naval cooperation forum; founded by India in 2008.

IONS Facts
• 9th IONS Conclave: Visakhapatnam, February 2026.
• 33 member navies participated.
• Indian Navy assumed IONS Chairmanship (2025–27) after 16 years.
• India previously held inaugural chairmanship (2008–10).

MAHASAGAR
• Mutual and Holistic Advancement for Security and Growth Across Regions (MAHASAGAR).
• India’s vision for integrated maritime security, connectivity, and regional development in the Indian Ocean.

India’s Panchamrit (COP26, Glasgow 2021)

• Panchamrit = India’s 5 climate commitments announced by Narendra Modi at COP26.
1. 500 GW non-fossil fuel electricity capacity by 2030.
2. 50% of India’s energy requirements from renewable energy by 2030.
3. Reduce cumulative carbon emissions by 1 billion tonnes by 2030.
4. Reduce emissions intensity of GDP by 45% from 2005 levels by 2030.
5. Achieve Net Zero emissions by 2070.

Key Concepts

• Net Zero = Greenhouse gas emissions emitted = emissions removed/absorbed.
• Carbon Intensity = Emissions released per unit of GDP.
• Non-fossil sources include solar, wind, hydro and nuclear energy.
• Panchamrit was announced at Glasgow, Scotland (UK) during COP26.

Current Relevance

• Panchamrit forms the basis of India’s updated Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and long-term pathway towards the 2070 Net-Zero target.

#CA2026

Global Justice Report: A Plan for Equality & Prosperity Within Planetary Boundaries (World Inequality Lab) projects that India may overtake China in share of global GDP (PPP) around 2060 under a “Sustainable Convergence Scenario”.

Global GDP (PPP) – Key Projections
• India: ~8% of global GDP (PPP) currently —> projected 16% by 2100
• China: ~20% currently —> projected 7% by 2100
• India may surpass China in global GDP share around 2060

Demographic Angle
• China’s population share: ~23% (1945) —> ~17% (2025) —> <8% (2100)
• Declining population expected to reduce China’s share in world output.
• India’s population share remains relatively higher, supporting long-term growth.

PPP vs Market Exchange Rate
• India’s GDP share: ~8% (PPP) vs ~4% (MER)
• China’s GDP share: ~20% (PPP) vs ~17% (MER)
• PPP adjusts for domestic purchasing power; MER uses prevailing exchange rates.

#CA2026

Project Glasswing —> Anthropic’s AI-powered cyber-defence initiative to protect critical infrastructure (power, water, healthcare, communications, etc.) by identifying and mitigating cyber vulnerabilities; recently expanded to India and 14 other countries.

#CA2026

Zorawar Light Tank

• Developed jointly by Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and LARSEN & TOUBRO under Project Zorawar.

• 25-tonne indigenous light tank, designed for high-altitude operations and aligned with Aatmanirbhar Bharat.

#CA2026

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