Pashupati Seal (Mohenjo-daro)

• Pashupati Seal was discovered at Mohenjo-daro and belongs to the Indus Valley Civilization (c. 2500–1900 BCE).

• The seal is made of steatite (soapstone), the most commonly used material for Harappan seals.

• It depicts a horned, three-faced (according to some scholars) seated figure in a yogic posture, surrounded by animals.

• The animals shown include elephant, tiger, rhinoceros and buffalo, with two deer beneath the seat.

• The figure is often identified as “Proto-Shiva” or “Pashupati (Lord of Animals)”, though this interpretation remains debated.

• The seal is frequently cited as evidence for the possible antiquity of yogic traditions in the Indian subcontinent.

• The script inscribed above the figure is the undeciphered Indus script.

• Trap: The seal does not prove Shaivism existed in Harappan times; the Proto-Shiva interpretation is only a scholarly hypothesis, not an established fact.

#HISTORY

Indus Dice

• Cubical dice made of terracotta, faience and ivory have been discovered from several Indus Valley Civilization sites, indicating the popularity of board games and gambling.

• Harappan dice generally followed the modern 1–6 numbering system, but the arrangement of opposite faces often differed from present-day dice.

• Evidence of gaming boards, counters and dice from Harappan sites suggests an advanced leisure and recreational culture.

• Rigveda and Atharvaveda contain references to dice (Aksha) and gambling, showing the antiquity of dicing in the Indian subcontinent.

• Trap: The Indus script remains undeciphered, so the exact rules of Harappan games are unknown.

• Remember the trio —> Seals (steatite), Dice (terracotta/faience/ivory), and Toys (terracotta carts & figurines)- as common Harappan artefacts asked in prelims.

#HISTORY

Animals on harappan seals

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Harappan civilsation PYQ

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Tropic of cancer
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#GEOGRAPHY
#NCERT_CONQUEST

Tropic of cancer

—> Udaipur City of Tripura is the closest to the Tropic of Cancer.

—> The Sun Temple of Modhera (in Gujarat) is located on the Tropic of Cancer.

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#GEOGRAPHY
#NCERT_CONQUEST

ENERGY MIX